Política Social

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17554

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Política Social

Centro: CCJE
Telefone: (27) 3145 5370
URL do programa: http://www.politicasocial.ufes.br

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Uma análise sobre os discursos que tratam do terceiro setor no Brasil: a ação das ONGs
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2006-06-09) Barbosa, Raquel de Moura; Carcanholo, Reinaldo Antonio; Herkenhoff, Maria Beatriz Lima; Barreto, Carlos Eduardo Montaño
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the debate on the action of the Third Sector in Brazil highlighting Non Governmental Organizations (NGOs). The main characteristic of this debate is the theoretical opposition among authors, activists and scholars in which practical, ideological and political positions are at stake. The objective was to deeply investigate these arguments focusing on the analytical approach used by the authors in their texts. To do this we have appropriated the dimensions of essence and appearance of reality, according to Marx theory, as the starting point for our study.
Mediando uma cultura da não-violência : a municipalização da medida de liberdade assistida na integração social do adolescente em conflito com a lei
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2006-06-21) Duque, Sidnéia Bento; Raizer, Eugenia Célia; Sales, Mione Apolinário; Rosa, Edinete Maria
Case study explore that analyses the social educational measures of controlled freedom of attainment for the adolescent take in conflict with the law develop in the city of the Colatina/ES. The current study had like goal analyses the perception of adolescent take in conflict with the law about the social educational measures of controlled freedom, aiming to know the important values in the social integration process. The values should be mediation for the no-violence culture. It was realized interviews with fifteen (15) adolescents that participated of the social educational measures of controlled freedom of the Colatina/ES city hall. It was realized questionnaire for the technique group besides focal group with adolescent´s relatives for corroborate with informations furnished. The approach is quanti-quality and the technique datum analyses utilized was the content analyze. According to perception of the adolescents the program got prominence family and culture values. The work, the program was considerated important with regard to professional qualification, but deficient in the insertion in work market. The citizenship and the education like politician issue are still insufficient, because reduction of the State promotes individuals solutions for satisfaction social necessities. The measure of controlled freedom program shows like a tentative of articulate social nets around the problems that involves adolescent take in conflict with the law. The experience of the Colatina/ES city hall could be reproduced in others realities, because uses universal elements without forget the specifics of the local reality.
Participação, sociedade civil e a capacidade de influenciar políticas sociais : o caso do Conselho Municipal de Educação da Serra (CMES)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2006-07-10) Ferreira, Andreza Alves; Mendonça, Luiz Jorge Vasconcellos Pessôa de; Camacho, Luíza Mitiko Yshiguro; Manfroi, Vania Maria
The present work analyses the relationship among civil society and his capability to influence social policies through a case study the City Council of Education of Serra (CMES). It is looked to evaluate these spaces represent a new standard of relationship between State and Civil Society, leading to an effective participation of citizens since that the historical pattern had been a closed one, only admitting the participation of governmental agents. It argues that the process in course in the CMES have extended the debate, reverberating in the ears of society and, so, permitting a wide visibility of the educational policies, mainly if compared with the previous periods (until middle of the decade of 1990). The experience of CMES has made possible technical and political apprenticeship in educational policies at local level. In spite of these positive aspects, it concludes that political participation of citizens is quite limited and, in the most of the cases, restricted to few organizations that have assent in the Council. Since the low level of communication between these organizations and their members and the population in general, the defense of public interests is jeopardized for these are eclipsed by particular and corportative interests.
Conselhos municipais antidrogas : entre o sonho e a realidade
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2006-07-25) Leal, Fabiola Xavier; Garcia, Maria Lúcia Teixeira; Herkenhoff, Maria Beatriz Lima; Carvalho, Denise Bomtempo Birche de
The policies of confrontation to the improper use of drugs have if developed throughout 67 years and of this context, this Dissertation consists of a Study of Case on the City councils Antidrogas (COMADs) of the State of the Espirito Santo (ES). It has as objective to analyze the COMADs searching to identify as the formularization of the Municipal Policies Antidrogas occurs; to analyze its abilities and attributions; to identify and to analyze the composition; to verify as the civil society is represented in these spaces and as its participation occurs; to identify and to analyze the developed actions; to verify if the abilities established in law they guarantee to the COMADs forms of active participation in the management of the policies antidrugs in the city; to identify and to analyze the main used strategies of decision in the COMADs. Of the 78 cities of the ES, only 26.9% had created COMAD being only 01 in functioning. A listing was mounted contends 21 councils (being that they had 19 sent some documentation and/or information). Telephonic contacts and visits to the cities with active or inactive councils had been carried through. For the collection of piece of information they had been used: documentary research and interviews group (Focal Group) and individual. For analysis of the piece of information it was used content analysis. The COMADs had been focused from its institucional configuration and of the practical ones that they develop. The analysis was structuralized in 2 axles: Process of Creation; Functioning and Maintenance of the Council. The majority (68%) appeared in 2001 and the maximum time of functioning was of approximately 3 years. The functions legally established these agencies had enclosed 04 fields of activity: Prevention; Fiscalization and Repression; Normative actions for functioning of the council; e Treatment. It is noticed that the Concil doesn t obtain to accomplish its deliberative character. The number of components of the council varied between 09 and 39 bearers, being the occupying civil society of the biggest number of seats in 05 cities, presenting 08 main entities being the Church with bigger representation. E the governmental sphere in 14 cities, possesss 13 represented agencies, being the Government secretaries with bigger representation. The civil society was more present in the meetings (54%). The numerical parity occurred in 03 cities. It was identified that the Executive corresponds 69% of the representatives followed by Judiciary (17%) and the Legislative one (14%). The more frequent subjects of guideline had been: organization of the council (43%), qualification/ action of prevention (26%) and Treatment (5%). The actions had limited it the accomplishment of lectures and municipal events of combat to the drugs. In a general way, the COMADs if configures as a phenomenon political, institucional, social and cultural, demanding theoretical and conceptual elaborations, historical incursions and empirical recitals that have to see with the occured transformations in the relations between State and society in the country. The council had still not obtained to separate themselves of practical authoritarian and the imposing ones on the part of whom he withholds the command. The effective has been challenges for the council autonomy, continued formation of the council members, transformation of the guideline in agenda, overcoming of the infrastructure conditions, culture of transparency and diffusion of information. What it is is that the process of formularization and implementation of the policies oscillates between what would have to be and what effectively it has been.
A experiência de liberdade assistida comunitária na percepção de seus operadores
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2006-07-28) Passamani, Maria Emília; Rosa, Edinete Maria; Santos, Maria de Fátima Souza; Herkenhoff, Maria Beatriz Lima
This paper aims to know the perception that the operators of The Attended Freedom social-educative measure have regarding their Program. This study began from the estimated idea that the Communitarian Program of Attended Freedom House Rising Sun is successful at the accompaniment of adolescents in conflict with the law. That happens because it takes care of offenders adolescents without arresting them, preserving their living with their families and in their communities, as it is established by the Brazilian Children and Adolescents Statute. This paper identifies the activities developed by the institution regarding the attendance to the offenders adolescents, who are submitted to the Attended Freedom social-educative measures. It presents all the adolescents profiles who were helped by the Program in the following categories: number of taken care adolescents, age, gender, education level, infraction they committed, familiar income, use of drugs, kind of drug that were used, work, relapsed infraction. It identifies the aspects that make the accompaniment process easier in the institution House Rising Sun and the main impediments that hinder the implementation process of the Attended Freedom measure. The collected numbers and information were studied by the Speech Analysis method, for being the most adjusted one to achieve the research aims. The operators perceptions of the of Attended Freedom social-educative measure will be presented from some aspects that were considered more important during the interviews, as motivation, negative and positive aspects, the services nets, partnerships, the accounts rendering, its role in the Social Politics scene and the adolescents concepts, adolescents in conflict with the law, pedagogical proposal, emancipation, resocialization and youth protagonism.
A participação popular no Conselho de Direitos da Criança e do Adolescente de Vitória : promessa ou realidade?
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2006-09-18) Melim, Juliana Iglesias; Leite, Izildo Corrêa; Tatagiba, Luciana Ferreira; Manfroi, Vania Maria
The trajectory of the Brazilian social policies of attendance to the child and the adolescent in them did not leave a legacy of glories as for the citizenship of this parcel of the population. But in 1990, after the promulgation of the Statute of the Child and the Adolescent is that these had passed to be considered citizens of rights. Of this form, in the attempt to consolidate this new paradigm the Statute also foresees changes in the management of the social policies. One of these changes is the institutionalization of the Council of Rights of public, on the same level, deliberative and responsible the Child and the Adolescent, agency for formulating the policies come back toward infancy and the adolescence. The present dissertação consists of a study on the Council of Rights of the Child and the Adolescent of the city of Vitória (ES), involving three specific managements: 1993-1995, 1995-1997, 2002-2004. It has as objective to verify if the participation politics developed in the Council is compatible with the space formal instituted for such participation and, in negative case, to understand the reasons of the joined imbalance . For in such a way, they had been used as techniques of collection of data: the documentary research and interviews half-structuralized in depth. For analysis of the data it was used content analysis. The Council was focused from the perspective of democratization of the power to decide processes in the Brazilian society, marked for a culture politics that when he did not limit, completely restricted the popular participation of the decision spaces politics. Thus, the analysis was structuralized considering the following aspects: the composition of the Council, the representation of the council members, the objective of the insertion of the entities in the Council, the relation of the council member with the users who represents, the relation of the civil society with the public power, the vision of the council members on democracy, participation and on the using child and the adolescent of the policies formulated for the Council. The results found in allow them to affirm that even so the Council is a possibility of bigger popular participation in the direction of social politics e, on account of this, a space where possible movements of against-hegemony of the popular sectors can be disclosed, the participation that if developed in locus of the present study still finds many limits to consolidate itself while such. In this way, the Council of Rights of the Child and Adolescent it of Vitória not yet obtained to fulfill, in ample way, the promise of democratization and bigger popular participation in the debate around the social policies come back toward the children and adolescents it city. The consolidation of the democracy and the participation in the elaboration of the policies, the effective autonomy of the council members and the entities of the civil society, the presence of the users in the power to decide process, the representation of collective interests has been challenge for the Council and consequently the formularization of universal and warranting social politics of rights.
Participação : um estudo sobre idosos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2006-10-20) Prado, Tania Maria Bigossi do; Moro, Maristela Dal; Silva, Alacir Ramos; Corleto, Alejandra Pastorini
This work aims to analyze the contribution of Programa Vivendo a Melhor Idade (Living the Best Age Program) of Vitória City Hall, in the conquest of effective participation of elderly in society, by means of the specific objectives: ) to identify if the program it includes the elderly in a participating management; b) to verify if the program subsidizes the political participation of the elderly in the struggle for achievement of rights and guarantee of the already conquered ones; c) to know if the program is making possible the preservation of autonomy, the promotion of integrity and the active and healthful aging. The technical procedures used were bibliographical, documentary and field researches. For the field research, halfstructuralized interviews were made with the elderly and social assistants inserted in the program and the collected material was analyzed in a qualitative approach. It was possible to identify some elements which indicate that this Program has given a relatively positive response to those questions. However, there are some obstacles to make possible the conquest of participation, autonomy and integration. In this Program the elderly have chance to insert themselves in physical, artistic, playful, educating and leisure activities, among others. All of them have great importance to experiment the process of aging in a positive way; however, a persistence concerning the conquest of the elderly participation does not appear, either in the program management or in public space for claiming. It was not observed any work on a perspective between different ages which could involve family and community. All the elderly state that they take account of their own proper lives and decisions, and that may a signal that their autonomy has been rescued and preserved. Although there are not registers of any effective contribution of the Program in this direction, it is undeniable that it subsidizes their attitude front to their daily questions. Regarding to the promotion of active and healthy aging, it is easily noticeable in their way of speaking, looking and act. It expresses itself when interviewed elderly speak of the motivation to go out and to overcome depressive states, the improvement of physical conditions and it is also implicit when they point out the condition of being aged as an important stage of the life, when they mention their conquests in relation to the latest generation and the possibility of fulfilling their freedom dream. In synthesis, even though the Living the Best Age Program can contribute to promote the effective participation of the elderly in society, it is still found incipient, because one cannot perceive either an effective contribution to consolidate the political participation of the elderly or an articulation of these groups in the aspects of citizenship, right defense and political action. It has structural limitations for such achievements in a society that, besides marked for an iniquitous inequality, presents an incipient culture in Politics - inexperienced and distant from the participation exercise - resulted from decades of authoritarian practices.
A contra-reforma do Estado e o financiamento da seguridade social : 1995 a 2002
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2006-10-30) Sader, Débora; Nakatani, Paulo; Manfroi, Vania Maria; Marques, Rosa Maria
Conselho Popular de Vitória : formação e trajetória de um movimento, 1986-2004
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2007-04-27) Pinto, Roselaine Carlos; Ferraz, Ana Targina Rodrigues; Herkenhoff, Maria Beatriz Lima; Krohling, Beatriz Stella M.
This paper is a case study about the CPV (Vitória Popular Council) organization that represents the resident associations in the city of Vitória from its foundation and in 1986 to 2004. Based on authors who studied the political participation of civil societies in the 1980s and 90s, the aim is to perform an analysis to specify the acting profile of this movement in terms of interest and demand; its role in the movements of the neighborhoods it represents and its relation with the city government. The study strategy adopted qualitative methodology, which allows understanding particular phenomena, facts and procedures of small groups. Results showed that CPV, throughout its history, has changed its acting focus. If in the 80s the movement had a more independent position towards the city government, in the 90s it took a position closer to the government, strengthened by the opening process and institutionalization of channels of participation. Nevertheless, this posture would lead to an extremely fragile relation with the government and neighborhood entities, throughout the years. Since the CPV has had a position of government s partner and legitimator of actions, it has quit being an operator of the civil society s demands and become a government collaborator.
Serviço social e conselhos de políticas e de direitos : contradição entre o projeto ético-político e a condição de assalariamento
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2007-05-31) Calvi, Kéttini Upp; Manfroi, Vania Maria; Krohling, Beatriz Stella Martins; Barreto, Carlos Eduardo Montaño
The 80 s have been a mark for the Brazilian democracy. Social movements and other organizations from the subordinate classes are engaged into the fight for the society and the Brazilian Sate re-democratization. Although the democracy transition in Brazil had been such a weak and dealt one, the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988 was promulgated with guarantees in matters of social policies. Thus social policies become acknowledged as a State duty and citizens rights. This Letter is followed by the guidelines of popular participation and political-administrative decentralization making it possible the opening of places for the civil society participation in the achievement of democratic social control of social policies. This decade also highlights an important moment for the Social Work. After a long period of professional renewing, social workers are released from the historical base which provided them with legitimacy and promote the ethical-political inversion of their professional project. They have started a wide debate of interests which results in the construction of the Ethical-Political Project aimed at the defense of subordinate classes interests. Therefore, social workers have introduced themselves as the protagonists related to social movements in the fight for the re-democratization of society and State, the construction of the Brazilian Federal Constitution of 1988, in the guarantee of popular participation in the decisive instants related to these social policies and in the social democratic control. The Policy and Right Councils appear to be as one of the achievement spaces of this social control. Social workers who have actively taken part in the creation and implementation process of these courses of participation and social democratic control are currently called to join these spaces as counselors, assessors and researchers. Thus, the councils are constituted by rich spaces of social workers performance. The majority of social workers counselors in Espírito Santo are presented with objectives of performing the social democratic control and the agenda of commitments placed in the Ethical Political Project. However, the social workers performance is permeated with contradictions and tensions. These contradictions and tensions whenever added to the advance of the project of capital and its social control constitute serious obstacles to the achievement of social democratic control and to the fulfillment of the agenda of commitment assumed in the Ethical Political Project. The main contradiction noticed in social workers performance is the condition of being salaried workers. However even in the face of the reality of Councils and the obstacles placed to the social workers performance, it is possible to see that these professional contribute even with a small amount for the Councils functioning and dynamism as well as strengthening the Ethical-Political Project.
Entre meios : do shopping ao lixo : análise dos processos de subjetivação na sociedade de consumo em sua interface com a produção de lixo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2007-06-18) Viana, Flávia Passos; Machado, Leila Aparecida Domingues; Esteves Junior, Milton; Manfroi, Vania Maria
The transformations occurred on the contemporary societies one of the results of the dynamic of the globalized capitalist ways of production, are the interaction with the environment humans live. During this process, the production, of subjectivity is essential to the maintenance of the fragmented logic, individualist, and oriented to the necessity of profit. Therefore, the relationship established with time and space in constantly changing, being registered specially by the valorization of speed and spaces ever so shorter, denying the stagnation. The technology, by its turn, becomes an icon of this time, creating products and goods that easily become old and useless, as volatiles as the capital and the work that generates it. To make this possible, it counts with publicity and its capacity of making subjectivities into one only mass subjectivity. The final product of this dynamic shows itself on the exorbitant amount of garbage produced. This research is a study of the new ways of subjectivities created by the contemporary society of consume, through its relationship to the production of garbage. Discussing those aspects of reality is a relevant matter before the rare knowledge produced in this area and the necessity of articulation of this aspect of reality, commonly studied only in the technical researches. The study discusses those questions based on the concept of ecosophy proposed by Felix Guattari and brings the cartography as the approach of the research, on the theoretic construction, data collection and analyses. The place of research was limited to a residential building located in a noble neighborhood in Vitória/ES, where it was searched to know the ways of life of the people who were interviewed, the subjects discussed were: ways of life. consume and garbage. The analyses allowed noticing the resistance mechanisms, even when punctual, that live with the fragmentation and compartmentalization of the issues raised. The environment, here comprehended through the production of garbage, appeared as a transversal path on the discussion of the ways to live in the contemporary days, helping to bring up issues, worries and collective constructions to face the presented reality.
Entre os limites da cultura política e o fortalecimento da sociedade civil : o processo do orçamento participativo no município de Cariacica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2007-06-29) Bruce, Karin Brandão; Manfroi, Vania Maria; Herkenhoff, Maria Beatriz Lima; Wanderley, Mariangela Belfiore
In Brazil, the participative budget has been highlighted among the practices of participative management that emerged in the late 70 s during the movement for re-democratization of the country. In spite of the fact that there is a common agenda among these practices (councils, forums, sector chambers, etc) essentially aiming at the increase of the society participation in the decisive process, the participative budget renews because the popular participation starts through an area extremely sensitive: the budget. Because it is through the budget that many City Halls have kept the old client relations giving back the favors offered during the election campaigns. Thus, changing the decisions related to the city budgets from the hands of the executive power is an initiative that demands at least, the governor s political willingness. The present paper consists in a deepened study about the process of Participative Budget in the city of Cariacica (ES) involving its two years of implementation, 2005, 2006. The study analyses the process of construction, implementation and assessment of the experience besides describing all the methodological cycle of participative budget. The research still verifies the association tradition of the city analyzing the residents political participation and popular movement represented by the Federation of the Residents Associations of Cariacica (FAMOC). For this reason, the data were collected through observation, documental research, interviews with local leaderships and the performance of a focal group with the members of participative budget council (COP). The data were analyzed through a critical-dialectic method which makes possible to perceive the mediations and contradictions which involve this process. The experience in Cariacica (ES) has shown that, although the participative budget have brought a potential of a greater popular participation in the political decisions of the city and consequently it has become a space where the sectors historically excluded in the society can daily defend their interests in an autonomous and clarified way, the participation that historically developed in our country brings a series of limits which make it difficult the consolidation of this instrument as a locus where possible movements of counter-hegemony may be manifested. Hence, the participative budget is not composed by a unique, homogenous non-conflict form. On the contrary, it is inserted in a battle field of interests in a constant correlation of powers between the State and civil society.
Miséria : a ascensão moral do Homo Oeconomicus
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2007-10-24) Gusmão, Angélica Soares; Pancinha, Manoel Luiz Malaguti Barcellos; Leite, Izildo Corrêa; Campanário, Paulo Roberto
The Homo Oeconomics society, which actions react from the market laws and the cartesian ideas, is often criticized by us. It is the society that is oriented by the spheres of legality, of morality and of all fights in favor of survival. This paper is a humanist denounce of philosophical, scientific and political aspect in favor of life. It explains how the process of fragmentation of Knowledge and scientific, legitimised by the public politics, happens in this moral society that does not favor ethics. Based on that, we defend the necessity of the resurrection of ethics, according to Spinoza, for the construction of a society made by the development of man s potential capacities that are still castrated by the sciences and governmental politics. The economic dictatorship promoted by the race to growth and development has hindered man to be in the center of these politics, propagating states of misery and social chaos.
Adolescente em conflito com a lei : uma análise dos discursos dos operadores jurídico-sociais em processos judiciais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2007-11-14) Sartório, Alexsandra Tomazelli; Rosa, Edinete Maria; Tassara, Eda Terezinha de Oliveira; Manfroi, Vania Maria
This dissertation deals with the interface between the social issue and the legal issue in the context of the adolescent who answered a due process law. This study aims to analyses the discourse of the legal-social operators in five due process law of the Serra and Vila Velha youth and Childhood Judgeship of the. The social issue and the historical building of the rights of adolescents in conflict with the law had been configured as the theoretic referential. We analyzed the discourses of the judge, public prosecutor, lawyer or counsel for indigents, social work of UNIP, technician of the Court and the professionals of program LAC. After successive readings of the material the data had been analyzed using the referential of the analysis of discourse. The data were organized and presented in the follow way: the history of each adolescent and his/her passage in the legal process; the discourses of the instauration and proceeding of the legal process; discourses for application of the social-educative actions; discourses to execute the social-educative actions and finally the discourses of the final proceeding of the legal process analyzing each one of these parts. As a result was evidenced that in the initial phase of the legal process the expressions of the social matter had been occulted taking advantage the legal issue. The situation of breaking rights of the adolescents and the social circumstances of their evolvement in the practice of infraction was not considered. And the protection to the adolescents through the social-educative action was not sued at law. In the phase of application of the social-educative action we verify a low influence of the discourses of the others legal-social operators and a high influence of the discourses of the magistrate and public prosecutor. The families of the adolescents almost were not mentioned in the audience and in the proceeding of the legal tram. We verify in the phase of execution of the social-educative that the educative process was not reach. It happened because of the lack of systematization in the attendance, the lack of attention to the social necessities of the adolescents and their families and the consequent absence of insertion of them in programs of social inclusion, implying in the strong presence of the sanction and punitive character. The speech of the social reinsertion of the adolescent through the school and the work was evidenced. The data had proven the lack of mediation between rights and public policy and demonstrated that the adolescent in conflict with the law is dealt in a way that stressing the figure of the infractor and overcast the figure of the adolescent citizen in peculiar condition of development. In the final phase of the legal process we verify a legal system whose performance in prominence was of the public prosecutor and the magistrate what indicated that they conducting the process, demonstrating the prevalence of the legal issue. It was concluded that the content of the social matter was enunciated in the legal-social discourses in a non polity way showing that the guilt of the infraction is only of the adolescents and their families. The legal social-educative action is not integrate and do not promote an efficient educative process. Finally we conclude that o ECRIAD was set in motion about periods and rites and was completely ignored about the social rights and the educative aspects of the social-educative actions.
O caráter multifacetado da pobreza : a relação entre concepção e intervenção
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2007-11-22) Williams, Ava Renarda; Leite, Izildo Corrêa; Herkenhoff, Maria Beatriz Lima; Brito Junior, Bajonas Teixeira de; Leite, Izildo Corrêa
This research analyzes the multifaceted and complex nature of poverty. The principle objective of this research is the comprehension of the multideterminants which comprise poverty as well as the influence that the manner in which poverty is conceived exerts upon the development and implementation of strategies geared toward alleviating poverty. This work utilizes a bibliographical framework that explores the historical trajectory of poverty contemplating its transformation throughout various historical periods (i.e Middle Ages, Modernity and Post-Modernity). The concepts of poverty utilized in this research explore the analyses of a plethora of authors, reflecting a large degree of diversity in the criteria considered explicative of the concepts, determinants and causes of poverty. This research also highlights the necessity of considering the poor in their positive concreteness , or rather, considering the experiences, representations and survival strategies of the poor in a positive, rather than negative context, in order to reinforce their potential and capacity to contribute to efforts geared toward alleviating poverty. The results of this research indicate that the manner in which poverty is perceived influences the formation of politics and policies geared toward its combat, the relationship established between professionals (i.e. social workers, politicians, etc.) and the poor populations with which they interact as well as the development and implantation of strategies geared toward alleviating poverty. If the poor are viewed as individuals capable of improving their reality, the programs and policies adopted emphasize their potential as protagonists. However, when the poor are viewed as passive incapable recipients of actions from the state, the programs and policies implemented tend to yield practices and results which are questionable or inefficient in nature.
Direito à informação e direitos sociais no contexto do capitalismo contemporâneo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2007-12-14) Nascimento, Lucileide Andrade de Lima do; Herkenhoff, Maria Beatriz Lima; Almeida Júnior, Oswaldo Francisco; Rabelo, Desireé Cipriano
This bibliographic research analyses the right to information in the context of social rights and the manner in which the right to information is capable of contributing to the acquisition of social rights in the era of capitalism. Information and knowledge are defined as a social phenomenon that is defined by, as well as defines, various social processes. The social value attributed to information and its effectiveness in the creation of opportunities for change determine the correlation between the right to information and social rights due to the potential of information to contribute the establishment of opportunities for autonomy and processes of participation among others. This research comprehends the right to information as a symbolic recourse that reproduces and represents the actualization of information as a facilitator and mediator of social relations that are of an informative nature. As such this research analyses the relationship between information and capitalism based on three interconnected thematically articulated topics: the genesis of the relationship between capitalism and information based upon the concept of the technological revolution as explained by Mandel (1985); the effects and impact of technological information and communication on social processes; and the emergence of the information based society as political strategy to maintain the hegemony of capitalistic interests. This relationship is characterized in terms of its capitalistic based appropriation of information and subsequent aggravation of social inequality. This research also perceives the social State as information based State that provides for individual or collective information based demands. Local authority is also analyzed as means of informational based governance and as a means of satisfying the informational and communication based needs of a society as a strategy to legitimize the right to and form of information presented to civil society. Social control is considered as a mechanism to: establish the effective management and socialization of local information based upon the right to information; establish channels of participation for civil society in a regime that is based upon and that promotes informational based governance.
Homicídio em família : uma análise dos indícios nos discursos das testemunhas nos processos judiciais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2007-12-21) Brito, Solisa Aldy Tavares; Raizer, Eugenia Célia; Valadão, Vanda de Aguiar; Moschen, Valesca Raizer Borges
The present dissertation brings a quarrel on the homicides in families in the Municipio da Serra. The general objective of the research was to identify to the indications and signals that precede the crime of the homicide in family in the municipio da Serra. It was selected third Criminal Pole of the Serra, where the research for a period of six months was carried through. After successive readings of the material the data had been analyzed using the reference of content analysis. The data had been organized and presented of the following form: family and its historical construction, where if she analyzed the historical trajectory of this institution, demonstrating that this is an institution of social control that is not homogeneous and is a space where some manifestations of violence occur. Description. Later the violence was defined, particularly the familiar domestic and, and if it made a quarrel on the category homicide demonstrating as it is it comes reaching a great contingent of young and is present in the interpersonal relations that are established in the public space of the home. Inside of this exactly topical if it analyzed (in) the existence of the public politics that work with the families, particularly that prevent the violence. After the theoretical revision was analyzed the data collected in 600 actions at law of 3ª Criminal Pole in the city of the Mountain range, referring to the years of 1980 the 2006. This analyzes finds if made use in the work of the following form: ) the identification, where if they find the profile of the victims and the defendant; taking in account the origin, skin, profession, sex, degree of kindred, b) Identification of the crime, where the day consists, the year, the hour, the week and the month that had occurred the biggest indices of and c) the signals and indications, the reasons of the crime, according to witnesses and the sentence of the cases. As result evidenced initially that that a standardization or systematization of the data does not exist involving the family; the homicides in family bring some differences of the urban homicides, however they demonstrate that in house, as well as in the street, the ones that more die they are young, excluded socially and of peripheral regions.
Os impactos do Plano Nacional de Políticas para as Mulheres nos serviços de atendimento às mulheres em situação de violência do município de Serra/ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2008-04-30) Ribeiro, Daniella Borges; Rosa, Edinete Maria; Stein, Rosa Helena; Camacho, Thimoteo
The purpose of this study is to analyse the creation and development of services for women subject to violence in the municipality of Serra, using The National Policy Plan for Women as a reference. First of all we conducted a survey of existing services in the municipality and subsequently carried out interviews. This fact finding study consists of information gathered from documents and semi-structured interviews with nine professionals of the six services researched. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and their content analyzed. Of the nine subjects interviewed, five proved to have a deeper knowledge of the National Policy Plan for Women, and six pointed out that they had participated in technical discussions on violence against women. The lack of human and financial resources surfaced as the main problems, and we observed that some of the professionals were unaware of financial recources that should be available to their services. Of the six services researched, two were formed before 2004, with Pró-Vida being the most focused on. The other four services were formed after 2004, and interviewees from these drew particular attention to the court of violence against women. We can verify that some of the professionals are working towards creating a networking system and the setting up of discussions and meetings. On a municipal / state level there were no call centres exclusive to women subject to violence. However, on a federal level the 180 number was created specifically for this purpose. Overall, the National Policy Plan for Women was revealed to be an important instrument in drawing attention to certain policies regarding women, and in carrying out some actions. All things considered, it should not have the sole responsibility of formulating and executing social policies. Pressure and demands on the part of society and especially from social movements, are essential in forcing the state to actively monitor the policies being implemented.
Do PLANFOR ao PNQ : uma análise comparativa sobre os planos de qualificação no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2008-05-09) Peixoto, Patricia Ebani; Nakatani, Paulo; Yazbek, Maria Carmelita; Manfroi, Vania Maria
This paper aims at assessing the professional qualification plans of FHC and Lula s government under a comparative perspective, identifying the existing connections between the political-ideological determinants and the formulation of these policies. The debate about this subject privileges the changes in the Brazilian context after the 80 s, highlighting the scenery of the 90 s and the first of Lula s government, time in which PLANFOR and PNQ were structured in the perspective of problems coping resulted from the labor market. Child education starts to be regarded as a strategic element for the promotion of competitiveness and country development. We have inquired into the strategies used by the policies with a distinction for the conceptions, objectives and elements which guide the actions, form of organization, target public and projects of monitoring and assessment, emphasizing the analysis of similarities and divergences between the plans. We understand that the qualification is developed inside a contradictory process between capital and work in which the own logic of the system imposes difficulties and limitations to the reach of this policy. Therefore, in this study we have posed some questions such as: are the strategies of professional qualifications developed by PLANFOR and PNQ capable of coping with problems resulted from the changes which have taken place in the labor market, especially the unemployment phenomenon and the raise of precariousness of work conditions? Is the qualification constituted as a strategic element for the promotion of competitiveness and the country development? What are the political-ideological conceptions which are presented in the plans of the federal government qualification?
O significado da violência para jovens de classe média autores de ato infracional
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2008-05-16) Oliveira, Maristhela Bergamim de; Rosa, Edinete Maria; Camacho, Luíza Mitiko Yshiguro; Rabinovich, Elaine Pedreira
The well-known increase of violence performed by middle-class teenagers which is exposed by means of communication goes against the exiguity of academic studies related to this group. The analyses are predominantly centered in poor territories. This work has performed a violence analysis through the meaning which middleclass teenagers, authors of infraction acts contribute to the phenomenon. The extension of violence concept relies on the analysis of its true sources anchored in the capitalist society and in the political- economic and social- cultural changes resulted from the globalization which forms a new way of sociability ruled in the individualism and emptiness of otherness. Through a qualitative approach which uses the content analysis of semi-structured interviews as a technique of data analyses, the empirical interview was performed with 7 middle-class teenagers between 16 and 21 years who fulfilled social-educative measures in the open air (Supervised Freedom and Community Service) along with the children and teenagers jurisdiction in Vitória – ES. The collected content analysis was performed under four themes: youth; family; study, work, project for the future and violence. In the complementarity among the themes, the current brightening mediation of violence meaning was addressed. Studying violence as an objective and subjective expression not only performed by low-class teenagers but also by middle-class ones, we have notice characteristics of their juvenile condition which make them unified and exposed to the historical conflicts appeared in the contemporary society. On the other hand, the study shows that the class condition of the young reflects in an emphatic and distinctly way in the outline of their social position. In the face of people’s disregard, the privatization of family solutions in the distinct resources and capacities will define and consolidate its course.

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