Oceanografia Ambiental

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17530

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Ambiental

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A bifurcação da corrente do Brasil no embaiamento de Tubarão e seu papel na formação de vórtices ciclônicos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-10-13) Servino, Ricardo Nogueira; Azevedo, José Luiz Lima de; Ghisolfi, Renato David; Rigo, Daniel; Paiva, Afonso de Moraes
The transition region from the east to the southeast Brazilian coast, between 19°S and 21°S, shows remarkable geomorphological features that characterizes a complex shelf-break line. The Abrolhos Banks and the Vitória-Trindade Ridge’s (VTR) seamounts are irregularities that promote influences on the system of western boundary currents in this region, specially to the Brazil Current (BC), inducing its meandering and the developing of eddies locally. Confined by these structures around it, the Tubarão Bight (TB) is a region in front of Vitória (20.3°S; 40.3°W) that shelters cyclonic eddies which formation was investigated in this work as influenced by a bifurcation of the BC in this site. The bifurcation of a geostrophic current is a geophysical process of interaction between a jet and a continental boundary that results in the formation of two secondary jets – one in each direction – and that can be responsible for the developing of eddies inside partially confined oceanic basins (e.g Alboran Sea and Sea of Japan). The occurrence of this process was found inside the TB following the impinging of the BC on its continental slope, identified based on numerical modelling results derived from a high-resolution and refined topography simulation. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first description of such process in this region. This work’s findings suggest that the secondary jet deflected to the TB’s interior is necessary to the developing and maintenance of two kinds of eddies with different size, duration and date of occurrence. These eddies’ characteristics and the bifurcation’s itself were significantly linked to the flowing pattern of the BC through the VTR’s seamounts.
A correlação da cadeia produtiva da pesca com as comunidades pesqueiras da região costeira do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-08-30) Paz, Micael Lincoln Cardoso; Fernandes, Luiz Fernando Loureiro; Zappes, Camilah Antunes; Dadalto, Maria Cristina
A corrente do Brasil no Embaiamento de Tubarão : Oceano Atlântico sudoeste
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-10-17) Martins, Tayná Rosa; Silva, Meyre Pereira da; Ghisolfi, Renato David; Dias Júnior, Camilo
A dinâmica da camada de mistura oceânica da porção Abrolhos-Campos da costa brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-12-21) Salviato, Júlia Tavares; Ghisolfi, Renato David; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; Mill, Guilherme Nogueira
The oceanic surface mixed layer is the link by which the ocean and atmosphere are coupled. The characteristics of the mixed layer determine the air-sea fluxes of heat and gases affecting this way the climate. Additionally, biogeochemical cycles and biological productivity are profoundly affected by the mixed layer depth, which controls the amount of nutrient input to the euphotic zone through vertical mixing and entrainment. Improved understanding of these processes depends in some measure on our understanding of mechanisms and dynamics of the mixed layer. Using temperature and salinity from WOA, heat fluxes from OAFlux Project (Objectively Analyzed air-sea Fluxes) and wind stresses from Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (COADS) the spatial pattern of the seasonal variability of mixed layer in the Abrolhos-Campos region is investigated, as well as the importance relative of heat and momentum fluxes and Ekman pumping to the seasonal heat-budget of the mixed layer. To complement the above analysis and to investigate mixed layer dynamics at suprainertial scale, time series from October 2011 to October 2012of air-sea fluxes and upper ocean response, obtained from PIRATA mooring at 19oS and 34oW were also analyzed. The seasonal cooling and deepening of the mixed layer is driven primarily by heat fluxes with larger contribution from the short wave radiation. By the end of the winter and spring, strong wind stresses are important to maintain the mixed deep. Ekman pumping velocities play only a small role in the upper ocean evolution in the region of study. In general, the results of the analysis of PIRATA time series confirm those from the climatological data sets. Furthermore, spectral analysis of the mixed layer computed from the PIRATA time series revealed a sharp energy peak at about 12 and 24 hours, suggesting the contribution of internal tides to oceanic mixing.
A Plataforma Continental de Abrolhos : contexto paleoambiental, sismoestratigrafia e domínios sedimentares
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-04-27) D’Agostini, Danielle Peron; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; Figueiredo Jr, Alberto Garcia de; Baptista Neto, José Antônio; Jovane, Luigi; Moura, Rodrigo Leão de
The Abrolhos shelf is located in the Eastern Brazillian continental margin between the 17ºS and 20ºS parallels. This shelf embraces the biggest and most important reefal complex in the South Atlantic and also the largest rodoliths bank in the World. The complex relation between geomorphology and diversity of bottom faciology has been associated to an interaction of evolutive, antropic, climate and oceanographic factors. The hypothesis of the anteceding paleotopography was tested as a controlling factor of the facies distribution pattern and modern geomorphology, aiming to understand which evolutive processes influenced the formation of the continental shelf. The dataset was acquired in the shelf and slope of the Abrolhos continental margin, including geophysical (bathymetry and seismic), sedimentological (surficial sediments and cores) and seabed imaging data. The results were presented in three chapters: 1) Shelf-slope system response to distinct evolutive processes, with major developing of carbonate constructions in the North region together with a classic slope morphology of tropical carbonate environments. In other way, the South region shows dominance of the siliciclastic sedimentation and sigmoid morphologies for the shelf-slope system; 2) Investigation of the anteceding paleotopographies influences as an indicative of its control over both the drainage systems and the starting flooding location in the shelf, as well as its differentiation of regions with distinct evolutive processes; 3) Presentation of paleoenvironments of the shelf during the post-last glacial maximum transgression, indicating the most humid climate influenced environments along the shelf during this period. The data became relevant in terms of the interaction between the controlling factors in mixed siliciclastic-carbonate environments and its evolution process.
Abordagem multiescalar da variação energética de ondas e a resposta de praias de Marataízes, ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-03-23) Eguchi, Branco Mateus Murata; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-9227; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-780X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6848945037305152; Muehe, Dieter Carl Ernst Heino; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-4034; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6017845242163890; Oliveira, Leonardo Azevedo Klumb; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6537-210X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2591010762995842; Oliveira, Kyssyanne Samihra Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2007-1984; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0954756171047598; Souza, Celia Regina de Gouveia
How to deal with the different time and space scales of coastal processes is a major concern in evaluate coastal impacts. In order to better comprehend these processes, it is important to understand the energy input in regional scale, such as waves and tides, and how local coastal features are able to modify this input. Despite the focus on local coastal processes, this thesis is based on series of replicable methodologies, aiming to characterize coastal processes and vulnerability in different time and space scales. First step was to determine oceanographic energy inputs for the whole region, for example, waves, astronomical tide and extreme waves. Moreover, a correlation between extreme waves parameters and the modes of climate variation El Ninõ Southern Oscillation (ENSO) e Southern Annular Oscillation (SAM). The second part of the thesis regarded to determine the effects of local ocean floor morphology on wave energy and how beaches respond to these variations. Also, a coastal susceptibility index was proposed based on wave energy variations and beach responses. Lastly, the impacts of a storm were quantified comparing beach profile changes before and after. Wave climate showed a bimodal pattern with easterly waves related to good weather and southeasterly waves associated to storms. Extreme waves presented significant height and duration of 1,72 m and 48 h, respectively. The highest values of extreme wave energy, duration and quantity occurred during neutral phase of ENSO and negative phase of SAM. In contrast, the lowest values occurred during the positive phase of both modes simultaneously. Easterly waves showed a pattern of energy increase of 30% as they propagate from deep to shallow waters. Waves coming from southeast also presented an increase of wave energy, but of only 9%. In general, all post-storm beach profiles showed no major impacts. In conclusion, extreme wave season begins in July and peaks in September. Extreme waves change from highly energetic and lasting, in early season, to more frequent but briefer, late in the season. Wave energy dissipation at shallow waters occurs differently along the coast. In the long term, beach profiles may not be able to resist to storm impacts.
Absorção de carbono em um manguezal no sudeste do Brasil: perspectiva de análise dos serviços ecossistêmicos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-09-25) Pascoalini, Savia Soares; Tognella, Monica Maria Pereira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1521-8251; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4839030389862403; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3236-8304; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0954857755514373; Cavalcanti, Viviane Fernandez; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Gontijo, Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762003128008528; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4886-4890; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505958970169325; Soares, Mario Luiz Gomes
Mangroves are highly productive systems and represent important carbon sinks. Due to the structural and functional variability of the ecosystem the present work aims to describe the carbon absorption in peri-urban mangrove and its maintenance based on the structural analysis, carbon storage in the form of aerial biomass and photosynthesis. The work was developed in the mangrove of the Estuarine System of Greater Vitória (ESGV) in fringe and basin forests distributed throughout this environment. The thesis is composed by four chapters, the first evaluates the structural diversity of the mangrove, submitted to tensors considering the mortality, reflection of the forest degradation and the dominance of species, há important factor in the structure of the ecosystem. There was structural variability between the evaluated stations and differences in the species composition. The distribution of species occurs according to their ecological optimum, mainly in terms of organic matter (OM) concentration in the sediment and salinity for both Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn and Rhizophora mangle L. The second chapter evaluated the diametric distribution by means of probabilistic density functions. The Lognormal function described the diameter distribution of the physiographic types, the seasons and 59% of the plots, indicating continuous maintenance of the forests. The Weibull function suggested fragility of the forests and the species it describes (L. racemosa), in addition to maturity. Avicennia schaueriana Stapf & Leechman ex Moldenke is vulnerable to the situations imposed by virtue of the location of its colonization. The Gamma function described sites with structural development from intermediate to mature under antropic pressure. The third chapter deals with the ecophysiological plasticity of Rhizophora mangle and some of its controlling factors, it is observed that MO and the availability of incident radiation and, in a lower degree, salinity act on photosynthesis. The OM contributed to a better performance of the energy flux related to the electron transport, the results obtained indicate that the active photosynthetic radiation available mainly works on the fluorescence variables. Regarding salinity, there is negative damage to the reaction centers, but the species’ plasticity in relation to salt can be evidenced by the increase in carbon assimilation and the conservative use of water. As for the biotic factors controlling the photosynthetic efficiency, the chlorophyll a affects the performance of plants at the level of electron transfer and the PITotal was related to photosynthetic assimilation and to the conservative use of water. The last chapter evaluates the distribution of the carbon stored in the trees and verifies the maintenance possibilities in each evaluated forest. ESGV’s mangroves store on 80.0 ton. ha-1 carbon, comparable to other regions of the world known for the large amount of carbon stored in the vegetation. The carbon stock was associated with organic matter (R = 0.43, p = < 0.05). It is argued that the maintenance of this stock depends on the biological characteristics of the species that colonize the areas and the abiotic conditions of the system on a local and regional scale. The results obtained reinforce the importance of public management for the conservation of this ecosystem at the landscape level in view of the economic benefit provided by the mangrove ecosystem when performing the ecosystemic service of atmospheric carbon absorption.
Análise da composição e estrutura interna de rodolitos da Cadeia Vitória-Trindade
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-06-19) Menandro, Tarcila Franco; Amado Filho, Gilberto Menezes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6053-4915; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5734763044971419; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1272-1134; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2951081353357019; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1783-2607; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6958042160031234; Quaresma, Valéria da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7470-6642; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9423011006200936; Pereira Filho, Guilherme Henrique; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6078-2241; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1211745530577271; Brasileiro, Poliana Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5520-8907; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3652663799345776; Bahia, Ricardo da Gama; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3274-8008; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3076005225100928
Rodoliths are nodules composed mainly of calcareous algae and other subordinate encrusting organisms (SEO), formed by subsequent overlapping processes of incrustations. The rhodoliths of the Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain presented as main builders the calcareous algae (genera Sporolithon, Mesophyllum, Lithothamnion, Hydrolithon and Titanoderma) and peyssonneliaceae (genus Peyssonnelia). The main groups of SEO were encrusting foraminifers (Homotrema rubrum, agglutinated foraminifera or encrusting foraminifera), bryozoans, serpulids and cirripids. In rhodoliths where the bioerosion is very high, obliteration of the morphological characters of calcareous algae occurs, and identification at the species level is impossible, making it difficult to characterize the environment since this must be done at the species level. The study of the composition of SEO is an alternative to the study of the algal assemblage in environments with high bioerosion index. The analysis of the composition of SEO was distinct between the seamount and the insular platform indicating local differences in these environments that would be influencing the establishment of organisms. The ichno-assemblage of the Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain was composed of microperforations and macroperforations of the Entobia type (associated with perforating sponges); Gastrochaenolites (associated with bivalves) and Trypanites (associated with polychaetes and sipunculus worms). The study of the ichno-assemblage identified an environment with low sedimentation rate and low hydrodynamics that allowed the development for long uninterrupted period of bioerosion. The formation of empty spaces by the bioerosion process allows the deposition of sediment that can trap benthic macroforaminifera. In Jaseur the genus Amphistegina was more frequent in both collection sites and in Trindade it was the genus Archaias that presented greater contribution. The large number of perforations due to the intense bioerosion could lead to the collapse of the nodules; however, large rhodoliths were observed (larger diameters with a mean of 17.8 ± 3.8cm for Jaseur 74m, 15.92 ± 2.14cm for Jaseur 66m and of 11.74 ± 1.40cm for Trindade 65m). The filling material of the perforations of the rhodoliths internal structure presented a sedimentary texture and was lithified; integrating the rigid structure inside the nodules. The lithification due to the growth of carbonaceous cement crystals in the empty pores in the internal structure is fundamental for the maintenance of nodule integrity. The lithification of the filling sediment creates new rigid structures within the older inner structure and these become susceptible to new infestations of perforating organisms. The repetition of the processes of perforation, filling, cementation and new perforations replaces the original internal structure (composed mainly by encrusting organisms) by the structure resulting from the repetition of processes (composed of bioclasts and lithified sediment). The present study identified the importance of the integrated study of all components of the internal structure of rhodoliths as the best way to understand the dynamics involved in the development of nodules and as a tool to obtaining solid environmental indicators
Análise da estruturação da paisagem costeira do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-11-28) Cancian, Tobias Betzel; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; Quaresma, Valéria da Silva
Análise da resposta acústica em sedimentos marinhos
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-04-13) Menandro, Pedro Smith; Quaresma, Valéria da Silva; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; Ghisolfi, Renato David; Ayres Neto, Arthur
Submarine geoacoustics helps in understanding the behavior of propagation and attenuation of sound in sediment, providing an information set which assists the major data interpretation approaches. The detection of muddy deposit through high resolution acoustic records is generally easy, usually appearing as free reflection layers. However, this acoustic response depends on the frequency used and other characteristics of the deposit, even of the water column. The dynamics of these muddy layers may have influence in many areas, from engineering and harbor maintenance, to biology and studies of impact on benthic biota. The development of a rapid and efficient mapping method for these deposits seems to be a demand for knowledge advance of the processes involved in the transport, deposition and suspension. Thus, this study has two main approaches divided into two independent studies: i) investigate how the acoustic signal response from different sources changes with the frequency and sediment physical properties (grain size and density), and ii) associate variations observed in the acoustic records with sediment mobility over a tidal cycle. The dataset consists of high-frequency geophysical records ( 3.5, 33 and 210 kHz ) , sediment physical properties, in situ density , hydrodynamics and distribution of suspended particulate matter, which were collected at the North Channel of Amazon River . The first chapter showed that different survey methods at the same area can provide different results. Furthermore, the frequency and density were important properties to understand the relationship between surface sediment and acoustic features. The second chapter was an attempt to evaluate sediment dynamics through acoustic system, and showed that the changes in the processes of sediment transport were recognized by the ADCP and OBS allowing to distinguish the acoustic echo sounder records and to interpret sedimentary dynamic processes.
Análise espacial da distribuição da comunidade zooplanctônica, com ênfase nas larvas de braquiúros em dois estuários do norte do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-10-02) Morais, Luana Souza de; Tognella, Mônica Maria Pereira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1521-8251; Silva, Maurício Hostim; Belúcio, Lucinice Ferreira
Brachyurans represent the most abundant group of meroplankton, exhibiting a variety of behavioral habits and playing a crucial ecological role as decomposers. Monitoring zooplankton communities is a valuable tool for detecting environmental changes and contributing to biodiversity conservation on a global scale, due to the trophic relevance of this group. Given their abundance, diversity, and short life cycle, zooplankton are considered excellent environmental bioindicators, capable of providing significant information about the health of marine ecosystems. The present study involves sampling zooplanktonic organisms through a 10-minute surface tow using a plankton net (250 µm mesh), in addition to collecting in situ abiotic data during each tow. Ecological indices of diversity, evenness, and richness were calculated, as well as the parameters: density, abundance, and frequency of occurrence by taxon. The results were statistically analyzed using the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman’s correlation to assess the significance among samples. The study of the São Mateus River Estuary revealed considerable variations in salinity and conductivity data, related to tidal patterns. Points closer to the estuary's mouth showed higher salinity levels, as expected for this type of estuary, indicating direct marine influence. In contrast, pH and temperature showed little variation. The zooplankton community, predominantly composed of Brachyura, exhibited coastal characteristics, with brachyuran larvae reaching higher diversity at specific points (M7 and F8). The analysis of ecological indices may be explained as a response to the impact of waste from the Fundão dam collapse that reached the mouth of the Doce River, affecting the zooplankton community in the northern coast, as corroborated by Principal Component Analysis coefficients. The study highlights the complexity and importance of considering multiple factors when assessing the environmental quality of the estuary.
ANÁLISE FISIOLÓGICA E MOLECULAR EM Rhizophora mangle: RESPOSTAS AO ESTRESSE SALINO EM CONDIÇÕES DE CAMPO
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-09-24) Lopes, Dielle Meire de Santana; Tognella, Monica Maria Pereira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4839030389862403; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Gontijo, Andreia Barcelos Passos Lima; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2762003128008528; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505958970169325; Soares, Mario Luiz Gomes; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Cavalcanti, Viviane Fernandez
The mangrove ecosystem is highly productive, however, it is constantly subject to environmental stressors, which include salinity and elevated temperatures. The aim of the present study was to investigate the physiological and molecular bases of salt tole
Análisis de la Hidroconectividad del Continuo Fluvial-Marino del Bajo Río Doce (ES, Brasil) por Medio de Geotecnologías
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-11-04) Miller, Manuel Eduardo; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505958970169325; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Buarque, Diogo Costa; https://orcid.org/000000032698520X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8616432679482558; Sa, Fabian; https://orcid.org/0000000339645685; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9329106914297651; Filho, Jarbas Bonetti; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Tognella, Monica Maria Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4839030389862403
abstract
Aportes de água e nutrientes para o sistema estuarino da Baía De Vitória (ES) : subsídios para a gestão ambiental integrada
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-10-10) Teubner Junior, Fernando Jakes; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; Soares, Mário Luiz Gomes; Tognella, Mônica Maria Pereira; Rodrigues Neto, Renato
The Vitória Bay Estuarine System - SEBV (42 km2 ) is located in the south central portion of the state of Espírito Santo, part of the municipalities of Vitória, Vila Velha, Cariacica and Serra. The Vitória Bay is the main component of the estuarine system. A set of 10 watersheds (1,925 km2 ), especially the Rio Santa Maria da Vitoria - SMV (1,563.3 km2), drain into the SEBV. The aim of this study was to estimate the hydrological flows and watershed nutrients to the estuarine system and understand the relationships between these flows, the evolution of land use and occupation of the tributary watersheds and the change in water quality of estuary. This information supported the evaluation of existing governance actions and their effectiveness, and to propose improvements. The occupation around the SEBV features a range of environmental and cultural characteristics that often show incompatible. Environmental degradation is confirmed from different studies in SEBV that found contamination of water and sediments by heavy metals, hydrocarbons and enteric microorganisms. The watersheds to SEBV are subject to a large number of grant applications of water resources, and conflicting uses. The SMV watershed is responsible for 80% of hydrological flows that contribute to SEBV. Watersheds comprise two groups: urban and densely populated; and rural with low population density and forests remainings. The estimated emissions of N and P from the watersheds to the SEBV correspond to 10,783.7 and 5,480.4 ton.year-1, respectively, with the SMV watershed responsible for 80 and 89 % of N and P, respectively. The Canal da passage Sul was responsible for smaller contributions, with 1.1 and 0.6 % of the total N and P, respectively. When normalized by area, the higher emissions are associated with the Praia da Costa e Canal waterhed - PC, 20.1 and 5.5 ton.km-².year-1 to N and P, respectively. Anthropogenic sources are responsible for 97 and 99 % of total emissions of N and P, respectively, with livestock activities generating 74.5 % of N and 88.0% of P. Urban expansion occurred in the Grande Vitória Metropolitan Region in the period 1970- 2010 resulted in the loss of natural areas (e.g., forests) and semi-natural (e.g, agriculture and pasture), and increase of urban-industrial areas. The State Government and municipalities have water management in action, together with the watershed committees and different sectors of society. However, the results of governance are not satisfactory, resulting in impairment of environmental quality and availability of water quality and quantity for the maintenance of ecosystem services in watersheds and SEBV. The implemented programs have long delays between their formulation and its implementation, as well as delays in implementation. The low adherence of the population, as well as scarce mentions the integration of fluvial and estuarine continuum, and the lack of knowledge of causeeffect of watersheds flow to the estuary, are factors that compromise the integrated viii management in watersheds and SEBV. The DPSIR proved effective as a method for integrating the results obtained, in order to understand how the morphometric variables, specific flow rate, population density, productive activities, N and P emissions estimates and the development and land use in the watersheds may affect the environmental quality of SEBV, supporting the development of management responses. Agriculture, urbanization and industrialization, water catchment for irrigation and human and industrial consumption were considered the main drivers in watersheds and SEBV, resulting in pressures such as deforestation, increased anthropogenic nutrient loading, dumping of solid waste, sewage and industrial wastewater, water withdrawal, transposition of watersheds and river damming. As management strategies are proposed regulatory, legislative, corrective, compensatory and preventive actions. From the results, it appears that the current situation of environmental quality found in SEBV and watersheds points to an extremely worrying situation, a condition which we do not see changes in the medium term and that has worsened over the past few years. A set of programs running projects a favorable scenario to reverse this situation in the coming years, if they are hired.
Aspectos etnobiológicos e etnoecológicos na pesca artesanal em três municípios do litoral sul do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-03-16) Oliveira, Ana Carolina Machado de; Zappes, Camilah Antunes; Braga, Adriane Araújo; Martins, Agnaldo Silva; Preto, Bruno de Lima
This study aims to relate the traditional knowledge of fishermen to the scientific literature, as regards ethnobiological and ethnoecological aspects of decapod crustaceans caught in artisanal fishing on the Southern coast of Espírito Santo. The research was done in Anchieta, Piúma and Marataízes cities, South coast of Espírito Santo, and data collection occurred between September 2016 and February 2017. The ethnografic method used consisted of: 1) participant observation method; 2) semi-structured interviews and questionnaires; 3) snowball method; 4) method of triangulation of results. A total of 92 artisanal fishermen were interviewed, all aged between 18 and 71 years. In Anchieta city the target species of the fishing are the sea-bob shrimp, pink shrimp and white shrimp, and in Piúma and Marataízes only the sea-bob shrimp. The carcinofauna, captured in the three municipalities, is composed mainly of crabs and swimming crabs. The fishermen demonstrated knowledge about the biology of the species of crustaceans captured, differentiating the juvenile stages of the adults, as well as an occurrence of sexual dimorphism, once they recognize the copulatory organ of male shrimps (petasma) and in the females the presence of a greenish color in the dorsal region characterized by ovary development. In crabs and swimming crabs, the respondents reported that the shape of the abdomen is different between the sexes. The habitat of decapod species has also been described. Fishermen considered crustaceans to be important for the environment because: 1) they play roles in the dynamics of the marine community, in the food chain and in the processes of organic matter cycling and energy flow; 2) are important for consumption; and 3) are used for bait and comercialization. When questioned about the fisheries closure season, fishermen consider important but incorrect for the region, which indicates the need of greater dialogue between enforcement agencies and fishing communities. The information of this research corroborates with the literatura and can function as a tool for the management of fishery resources, and on the decrease of the impact on the populations of the target species and fauna by-catch, aiming at the sustainability of fishing and the valuing of coastal communities of Southern Southern coast of Espírito Santo.
Aspectos fisiográficos, sedimentológicos e estruturais do fundo marinho em uma área da porção central da bacia do Espírito Santo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-12-17) Tschiedel, Flávio Eduardo; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; Silva, Cleverson Guizan; Quaresma, Valéria da Silva
The development of industrial activity in the state of Espírito Santo (Brazil) in recent years has been highlighted in offshore regions. The government agency that controls the activities of oil exploration and production in sedimentary basins in Brazil requires, for activities offshore, the geological knowledge of the seabed as well as geological structures related to it that may cause geological and environmental risk in the future. Engineering works in these areas are related to the development of the activity of exploration and production of oil primarily. The lack of knowledge of buried geological features and geological aspects of the seabed may hinder or impede the execution of projects in this activity due to unforeseen peculiarities. This work includes the identification of physiographic features of the seabed in the Continental Shelf and Slope areas in the Espírito Santo sedimentary basin. The area is about 45km away from the coast, adjacent the Doce River mouth. In order to reach the target, this study uses various analysis tools (2D and 3D seismic, high resolution seismic, seabed samples and wells) aiming at identifying seabed characteristics, involving structural and sedimentological aspects. It also presents a brief discussion about the applicability of the use of geophysical methods in this study, and a comparison of the uses of geophysical methods and their ability to identify the physiographic features of the seabed in the area of this project. At the end a predictive map of physiographic characteristics of the seabed is presented, identifying areas of salt influence and geological faults, channels and others. The area was subdivided into three regions, taking into account the predominance of physiographic features and geological risks they present.
Aspectos meteo-oceanográficos associados com a concentração de clorofila-a ao longo da cadeia Vitória-Trindade
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-04-25) Lemos, Angelo Teixeira; Ghisolfi, Renato David; Dias Júnior, Camilo; Silva, Meyre Pereira da; Cirano, Mauro; Ciotti, Áurea Maria
Avaliação ambiental integrada como subsídio ao manejo lacustre (estudo de caso : Lagoa Juparanã, ES)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-10-11) Martins, Fabíola Chrystian Oliveira; Quaresma, Valéria da Silva; Ghisolfi, Renato David; Tognella, Mônica Maria Pereira; Carvalho, Carlos Eduardo Veiga de; Pedrosa, Paulo
Avaliação da corrente do Brasil em um cenário de mudanças climáticas utilizando o Modelo Brasileiro de Sistemas Terrestres (BESM)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-08-27) Koppe, João Victor Carminati; Ghisolfi, Renato David; https://orcid.org/0000000196956442; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3746397954560718; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6289141829298203; Gonçalves, Iury Angelo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4367-5943; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4877304814912378; Zavialov, Peter; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3712-8302; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
This work evaluates the performance of ocean dynamic simulations reproduced by BESM-OA2.5 for South Atlantic Ocean in históric period and analyses its predictions for the end of 21 century based on RCP8.5 climatic change scenario. The BESM is the Brazilian Earth System Model -Ocean Atmosphere versão 2.5 (BESM-OA2.5) developed by National Institute of spatial research (INPE) that composed the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) for climatic change scenarios of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In this evaluation were analysed equator parallel sections in different latitudes integrated on water column the mean velocity fields, temperatures, volumétrico and thermal fluxes throughout 255 years of simulation using two experiments, the históric (𝐶𝑂 2históric emissions) and RCP8.5 - Representative Concentration Pathway- (𝐶𝑂 2 projected emissions throughout 21 century). Both experiments were compared to each other for key períods of RCP8.5 experiment. The obtained results for the historic experiment did reproduce satisfactorily the large scale flow of western boundary of South Atlântic (SA) and Brazil Current (CB). Towards the end of the century, changes in the velocity and temperature of the evaluated sections were observed, which resulted in changes in volumetric and thermal fluxes at the end of the 21st century. There was an increase in transport at the highest latitudes assessed, a decrease in transport at the lowest latitudes assessed, and loss of seasonal signal and energy from transport events. Additionally, a decrease in the volumetric flux in the transoceanic section at 25°S and an increase in the heat flux exported northward was observed. These alterations are related to the velocity anomalies of the superficial and deep currents of the Atlantic Southern Revolution Cell (AMOC).
AVALIAÇÃO DA ERODIBILIDADE DE SEDIMENTOS COESIVOS COM DIFERENTES TEORES DE AREIA
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-08-24) Bandeira, Mayara de Oliveira; Quaresma, Valeria da Silva; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9423011006200936; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Oliveira, Kyssyanne Samihra Santos; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0954756171047598; Neto, Jose Antonio Baptista; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
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