Manejo agronômico do abacaxizeiro cv. Vitória visando otimizar a produtividade e qualidade dos frutos
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Data
2017-07-28
Autores
Klem, Dayane Littig Barker
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
In the pineapple crop different management strategies can be used to optimize the
production and quality of the fruits in order to meet the requirements of the production
chain. Among the recommended strategies are the artificial induction of flowering,
however, the success of this technology is highly dependent on the stage of vegetative
development of the crop, which depends mainly on the size, type of seedling and
planting season. Thus, the aim of this work was to establish a flowering management
strategy to optimize fruit production and quality, using different types of cuttings and
ages of floral induction. The genotype studied was the Vitoria cultivar, because it be
resistant to Fusariose, absence of spines, excellent productivity and fruit quality. In this
context, two papers were developed. The first, titled "Performance of pineapple 'Vitória'
in response to the types of cuttings and ages of floral induction" and the second, titled
"Post-harvest quality of the 'Vitória' pineapple obtained by different types of cuttings
and ages of floral induction”. The experiment was conducted in the area of the
Experimental Farm of the Capixaba Institute of Research, Technical Assistance and
Rural Extension, in the municipality of Sooretama-ES. The experimental design was a
randomized block design in plots subdivided in time, with four replications. Each plot
consisted of slip from 100 to 200 g and ratoon sucker from 201 to 300 g. The subplots
were the ages of artificial floral induction (8, 10 and 12 months after planting) and
x
natural induction. Several characteristics related to the vegetative development,
phenology, productivity and physical-chemical quality of the fruits were evaluated. It
was observed a significant interaction between the factors studied for the variables of
leaf width 'D' and total leaf area, number of shoots produced, as well as for the chemical
variables of the fruits. The natural flowering occurred between 16 and 18 months after
planting extending the crop cycle, however, it obtained higher production of slips and
high productivity. The artificial induction of flowering at eight months after planting
anticipates the harvest in up to 167 days compared to the other artificial inductions.
The fruit biomass with crown was superior in natural flowering, with 58% of biomass
gain compared to the induction at eight months. The artificial inductions resulted in
fruits of smaller circumference, diameter and thickness of pulp. The plants artificially
induced at 12 months and natural yielded fruits with superior physicochemical quality,
for both types of cuttings used. It can be concluded that flowering management through
floral induction is an important strategy to obtain fruits with varied characteristics that
meet the requirements of the different types of internal and external markets.
Therefore, for juices or sweets industries, induction can be performed in all periods
evaluated to depend only on the fruit demand season. For markets of fresh fruits and
/ or exports, it is recommended to carry out the artificial induction from the 12 months
to obtain a more uniform harvest or to induce naturally, if it is necessary to prolong the
harvest period.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Ananas comosus (L.) Merril , Cuttings , Mudas , Floral induction , Indução floral , Productivity , Produtividade , Post-harvest analysis , Análise pós-colheita
Citação
KLEM, Dayane Littig Barker. Manejo agronômico do abacaxizeiro cv. Vitória visando otimizar a produtividade e qualidade dos frutos. 2017. 51 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura Tropical) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, 2017.