Potencial distribuição do tubarão-limão, Negaprion brevirostris (Poey, 1868), no Brasil
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Data
2025-09-04
Autores
Moreira, José Victor Calenzani de Oliveira
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The lemon shark (Negaprion brevirostris) is a species found in shallow, coastal waters of the Atlantic Ocean, ranging from the United States to southern Brazil. It is commonly associated with coral reefs, mangroves, bays, and river mouths. In Brazil, its occurrence is most frequently recorded in Fernando de Noronha and the Rocas Atoll. The distribution and abundance of a species provide crucial information for its ecology and behavior. The objective of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of the lemon shark in Brazilian coastal areas. The distribution map from the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) suggests that the species is present along the entire coast of Brazil. To verify this premise, we conducted a scientometric analysis of fishing landing monitoring and fisheries, in addition to compiling new records. The results do not support the idea of a widespread coastal distribution, indicating that the species' presence is rarer in locations other than the oceanic islands, where it is more commonly observed. The use of Species Distribution Models (SDMs) has been widely applied in conservation planning and measures, assessing the impacts of climate change, and creating environmental protection areas. For this study, occurrence data were compiled from global databases and scientific literature, along with seven environmental variables from the Bio-ORACLE database. Four SDM algorithms were tested: MaxEnt (AUC > 0.99) and Mahalanobis (AUC ≈ 0.94) performed best, while Bioclim (AUC ≈ 0.88) and Domain (AUC ≈ 0.73) had inferior results. The final model, generated from the overall average of the algorithms, with an AUC value of 0.88, was considered reliable. The predictive modeling indicated high environmental suitability in the regions of Fernando de Noronha and the Rocas Atoll, and low suitability in the Southeastern and Southern regions of Brazil. threatened These results suggest that the species' distribution is underestimated in current maps and that the oceanic islands are priority areas for conservation. It is, therefore, recommended that the distribution maps and the status of the species in Brazil be revised
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Análise bibliométrica , Distribuição espacial , Elasmobrânquios , Elasmobranchs , Bibliometric analysis , AUC , SDMs , Registros , Fishing , Records , Spatial distribution