Transecção linear utilizando drone de câmera termal para estimativa de diversidade e densidade de presas de Harpia harpyja (Linnaeus, 1758) na Floresta Nacional de Carajás
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Data
2025-12-16
Autores
Silva, João Vitor Pasinato
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Drones have become a widely used technology for wildlife monitoring in recent years. In addition to high-resolution cameras, these devices incorporate advanced features that assist researchers, such as thermal cameras, which enable more efficient detection of fauna—particularly in environments where animals are camouflaged within the vegetation. Despite the advantages of drones equipped with thermal sensors, their use still presents limitations, requiring methodological adjustments to maximize efficiency and produce data that can estimate ecological parameters with greater accuracy. In this study, we tested the use of a drone equipped with a thermal camera under a standardized semi autonomous flight protocol, aiming to differentiate areas with and without harpy eagle (Harpia harpyja) nests based on the detection of arboreal fauna. Ten distinct species were identified, with all animals classified at least to the class level and approximately 76% identified to the species level. The detection rate obtained was 3.36 individuals per kilometer and 0.71 records per kilometer. Alouatta belzebul was the most frequently recorded species, with 41 records and 205 individuals, allowing us to estimate its density in the study area at 15.38 individuals per square kilometer. The comparison between areas with and without harpy eagle nests showed no significant difference in the occurrence of potential prey species. The method proved efficient for detecting and identifying diurnal arboreal fauna, particularly A. belzebul, when compared to the traditional ground based transect observation method, yielding a greater number of records and individuals with lower sampling effort. However, it is necessary to increase sampling effort and test new flight parameters—such as altitude and speed—and alternative strategies, such as nocturnal flights using spotlights, to enhance the detection of smaller, non-gregarious, and nocturnal arboreal species that were undersampled in this study
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Biodiversidade , Dossel , Monitoramento , Veículo Aéreo Não Tripulado (VANT) , Primatas , Biodiversity , Canopy , Monitoring , Primates