Negócios sociais como prática cultural cooperativa
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Data
2018-06-28
Autores
Gonçalves, Claudinei Pereira
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
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This study proposes that the field of social business constitutes an unexplored cultural practice developed throughout the evolutionary history of the human species, in which the cooperative repertoire of some individuals stands out for the emergence and maintenance of this practice ", a thesis that was investigated with the accomplishment of interconnected studies, corresponding three articles, as follows. The objective of the first study was to propose, from a historical perspective, that emergence of social enterprises corresponds to a cultural practice developed throughout the evolutionary history of cooperation in the human specie. The intention was: (a) to present the most influential theories about cooperation already in existence or under discussion; (b) to describe the influence of cooperation on the evolutionary process of social enterprises; and (c) to describe the historical line in which social enterprises were developed. Although there is a set of factors that triggered rise in number of social enterprises, its emergence must be seen as a product of 2.5 million years of evolution of cooperative behavior on human specie. Thus, the history of the emergence of social enterprises is the very history of human cooperation. The starting point on an emerging theme is to know how is the scientific development in the area of knowledge that circumscribes it. The objectives of the study were: (a) to review world research in social enterprises in the last 10 years; and (b) seek an identification of studies that approach social enterprises as a cultural practice. Among the verified results, it was highlight the lack of initiatives that explore a behavioral perspective of social enterprises as a cultural practice that promotes more equitable socioeconomic development. The study proposed to address the role of human cooperation in the initiative to found a social enterprise. To this end, we sought to identify the cooperative contingencies of the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize, Professor Muhammad Yunus, which culminated in the creation and operation of the Grammen Bank, a globally known social enterprise model. The purpose of this study was to highlight contingencies that could be important to program educational practices focused on social enterprise. It was observed that as the most relevant contingencies in the maintenance of cooperative behaviors of Yunus involve self-control and counter-control in the coexistence with groups that are related to the reach of the common good. The three studies reaffirmes the thesis foundations, ratifying (1) that the study of social enterprises as cultural practice is a field still unexplored; (2) that social enterprises represents a social phenomenon developed throughout the history of human cooperation evolution; and (3) that the cooperative repertoire of some individuals stands out for the emergence and maintenance of this cultural practice.
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GONÇALVES, Claudinei Pereira. Negócios sociais como prática cultural cooperativa. 2018. Tese (Doutorado em Psicologia) – Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais, Vitória, 2018.