Zoneamento climático para os cafeeiros conilon e arábica, e da favorabilidade para a ocorrência da ferrugem no Espírito Santo Alegre – ES 2023
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Data
2023-03-31
Autores
Moraes, Simone de Paiva Caetano Bucker
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Brazil is responsible for the largest production and export of coffee (Coffea spp.) in the world. Espírito Santo (ES) is the second largest coffee producer in Brazil, being the largest producer of C. canephora and the third largest producer of C. arabica. The incidence of diseases in coffee plants represents one of the most limiting barriers to maintaining and increasing production and productivity in the agricultural scenario, with emphasis on coffee leaf rust (Hemileia Vastatrix). Knowledge of areas with climatic suitability for planting coffee tree and the favorable climate for the occurrence of coffee leaf rust in the state of Espírito Santo, are sine qua non conditions to assist in the sustainable management of coffee leaf rust in the state. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine the areas of climatic suitability for the planting of C. arabica and C. canephora and the climatic favorableness for the occurrence of coffee leaf rust in the state of Espírito Santo. The areas suitable for planting C. arabica and C. canephora corresponded, respectively, to 66.50 and 21.17%. The suitable areas with some type of restriction added up to 8.03% for C. canephora and 15.74% for C. arabica. Meanwhile, unsuitable and inappropriate areas for C. canephora and C. arabica corresponded, respectively, to 25.47 and 63.09%. The state of ES has 92.22% of its territory with climate favorable for the occurrence of coffee leaf rust (H. Vastatrix). Based on climate zoning and climate favorable conditions for the occurrence of coffee leaf rust, it is possible to plan the planting of coffee tree in their respective areas of suitability, in addition to planting more susceptible materials in regions unsuitable for the occurrence of coffee leaf rust and the more resistant in areas favorable to occurrence, helping in monitoring and decision-making for the use of fungicides. In this way, it becomes an important tool for establishing areas for cultivation of C. canephora and C. arabica, for the sustainable management of the disease.
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Ambiente , Coffea arabica , Coffea canephora , Hemileia vastatrix , SIG