Avaliação das propriedades físico-químicas de café arábica (Coffea arabica) e conilon (Coffea canephora) classificados quanto à qualidade da bebida
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Data
2015-08-07
Autores
Agnoletti, Bárbara Zani
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The species of greatest economic importance of coffee grown in Brazil are Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora. The raw coffee is marketed both species and enhanced according to the quality of the grains. The quality of the final product, depends on several factors, such as the species, the embodiment of the harvest, the grain processing, storage, roasting and grinding. To determine the coffee beverage quality is performed sensory analysis, where trained individuals taste the coffee and give it a score or rating. Few studies relating the physicochemical properties and beverage quality are found in the literature. In this context, the objective of this study was to analyze the physicochemical properties of arabica and conilon coffee, relating them to the quality of the beverage; check the differences between species; beyond the influence of roasting on these properties. They were determined moisture, mass loss, color in roasted coffee, pH, total acidity, total sugars (reducing and non-reducing sugar), soluble solids, total phenolics compounds, electrical conductivity, potassium leaching, caffeine, chlorogenic acids and trigonelline. There were no differences as to the physicochemical properties between treatments (ratings) of each species (arabica and conilon), for both the raw grain samples as roasted beans, for the content soluble solids, electrical conductivity, leaching potassium and chlorogenic acid. Differences were found regarding the physicochemical properties between treatments for pH, titratable acidity and sugars. The content of phenolic compounds, trigonelline and caffeine were the physicochemical properties that best discriminated the two species of coffee. The physicochemical properties of the coffee are dependent on the roasting. There was a decrease in soluble solids, pH, sugars, phenolic compounds, chlorogenic acid and trigonelline, after roasting, while the titratable acidity increased and caffeine remained stable. Through the Pearson correlation test, significant correlations were observed between the physicochemical properties with sensory note. Positive correlations were observed for moisture and acidity of roasted coffee, whereas negative correlations were observed for soluble solids and pH of roasted coffee, electrical conductivity and potassium leaching in raw coffee.
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Café conilon , Café arábica , Qualidade do café