Efeitos de sentido coconstruídos em fake news e comentários no ex-twitter: tecnorreferenciação, tecnointertextualidade e patemização
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Data
2024-12-06
Autores
Franco, Kátia Regina
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
This thesis aims to investigate how the processes of referentiation and intertextuality are mobilized in fake news produced on X, formerly Twitter. The theoretical foundation supporting the research is based on the categories of Textual Linguistics, specifically referentiation and intertextuality (Mondada, 2001; Mondada & Dubois, 2003; Cavalcante, 2003, 2004, 2011, 2016; Cavalcante et al., 2016, 2017, 2019, 2022; Elias & Cavalcante, 2017), the Argumentative Discourse Theory on polemical argumentation (Amossy, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2017, 2018), and Digital Discourse Analysis (Paveau, 2021), which describes the characteristics of technodiscourse. The theoretical framework also includes the discursive treatment of emotion (Charaudeau, 2007; Elgin, 2007; Brun & Kuenzle, 2008) and the characterization of fake news (Wardle, 2017; Wardle & Derakhshan, 2017; Shul et al.). Through an ecological analysis (Paveau, 2021), we seek to understand how the processes of referentiation and intertextuality are employed in the technodiscursive production of fake news on the social network X, creating effects of pathos and credibility. Our hypothesis is that the production of technotexts encompasses many additional elements that were dispensable in pre-digital writing, due to the inherent characteristics of digital text, such as expansion, composite composition, nonlinearization, relationality, investigability, and unpredictability, which influence the meaning effects of texts activated by referentiation and intertextuality, potentially updating polemics and provoking pathos effects. To test our hypothesis, we constructed a corpus of 26 texts, composed of 5 posts verified as fake news, 13 comments, and 8 tweets that revisit the discourse object focused on in the selected fake news, redocumented through an advanced search of the keyword on the X platform. The results indicate that the characteristics of technogenres, especially expansion, nonlinearization, and relationality, articulated with the discursive and linguistic gestures enabled by the social network X, such as interaction buttons and the insertion of images, can (re)update or even redefine the notion of textualization in the digital era and, consequently, the observation of the processes of referentiation, ntertextuality, and argumentation. The categories selected for analysis have their linguistic processes impacted by technical gestures, as often, the discourse object is identified and/or referenced in the sequence of tweets or comments; intertextuality is frequently established in comment-shares and through lexical or imagistic links; and all these enunciative gestures cooperate to update the polemic, the argumentation, and the adherence to the viewpoint of the speaker/disseminator of fake news, according to the pathos bias effects constructed in the interaction.
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Referenciação , Tecnodiscurso , Patemização