Tratamento de água oleosa por eletrofloculação
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Data
2013-08-19
Autores
Gobbi, Lorena Cristina Abrahão
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
An electroflocculation technique using aluminum electrodes to separate oil from synthetic oily water with an average concentration of 200 mg/L of crude oil was used. To evaluate the viability of the technique, the percentage of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and oil and grease content removed, the concentration of total solids, volatile and stable, electrical conductivity, pH, total alkalinity and acidity of the oily effluent samples during treatment were found. We also estimated the operational energy cost for the application of the technique. In this work we built a reactor electrolyte bench with capacity of 4 liters. In its interior, aluminum electrodes were connected in parallel arrangement to a polarity inversor plate and to an external power source. Preliminary tests were carried out to find the best area of electrode to volume of effluent ratio for the COD removal. From these tests, we used the largest electrode (13.0 X 6.5 X 0.2 cm) because it presented the best condition (about 90%). The results show an increase in pH and alkalinity, reduction in acidity, while electric conductivity and concentration of solids showed little deviation during the treatment. The average percent removal was 96% of oil and grease content, while the COD was 81%. The effluent resulting from the electrolysis was qualitatively transparent to the visible eye. Statistical analysis for electrical conductivity and total solids showed that they depend significantly on the concentration of electrolyte (NaCl) in the medium. For COD and oil and grease content, only the distance between the electrodes was a significant factor. The variation of initial pH was not significant in relation to the variables. As for the energy cost, the electroflocculation costs on average R$ 0.32 / m3 , the electrode consumption was 0.60 g and the operating cost R$ 3.41 / m3 . These results show that it is possible to use the technique in oily water treatment due to better technical and economic values, compared with the literature.
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Emulsion O/A , Electrolysis , Aluminum electrodes , Energy efficiency , Emulsão O/A , Eletrodos de alumínio , Eficiência energética
Citação
GOBBI, Lorena Cristina Abrahão. Tratamento de água oleosa por eletrofloculação. 2013. 120 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Energia) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, 2013.