Alterações fisiológicas em cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao L.) cv. Catongo cultivado sob condições de hipóxia na presença de silício
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Data
2015-02-24
Autores
Marques, Helder Ivo Pandolfi
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The cocoa is grown throughout the tropical region of the world and its almond is the
main ingredient of chocolate. Some cultivation sites tend to suffer from flooding
during a period of the year. The low availability of oxygen caused by flooding,
induces changes in physiological and morphological processes, modifying the
development and growth of plants. Aeration of the nutrient solution is necessary to
provide oxygen to the roots of plants grown hydroponically. Silicon is beneficial for
several crops, especially when subjected to some kind of stress, can help alleviate
the damage caused by flooding. In the literature, there is no report of cocoa
cultivation with omission and silicon level, mainly because the presence of this
element in all soil types. Based on this prerogative, an experiment was conducted
with cocoa seedlings cv. Catongo. The experiment was conducted in CEUNES
greenhouse, located in the municipality of São Mateus-ES, in a completely
randomized design with four repetitions being one plant on each repetition in the first
and second evaluation time and the third used two plants per replicate. The
treatments were arranged in a 2x3x5 factorial arrangement, being with and without
aeration of the nutrient solution, the three sampling times and five silicon levels (0,
0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mmol L-1
). The evaluations were divided into two chapters, the first
objective was to evaluate the growth variables, foliar silicon content and
x
photosynthetic pigments content. The second chapter, gathered the character
fluorescence of chlorophyll a and gas exchange. Based on the results, were
observed influence of lack of aeration leaves concentration of silicon, degradation of
photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange. It can be seen
the isolated effect of silicon on some physiological parameters of plants not subjected
to stress, as well as in plants submitted in this case relieves stress caused by lack of
aeration.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Teobroma cacao L. , Hypoxia , Hipóxia , Monosilicic acid , Ácido monossilícico , Gas exchange , Trocas gasosas , Chlorophyll a fluorescence , Fluorescência da clorofila a , Photosynthetic pigments , Pigmentos fotossintéticos
Citação
MARQUES, Helder Ivo Pandolfi. Alterações fisiológicas em cacaueiro (Theobroma cacao L.) cv. Catongo cultivado sob condições de hipóxia na presença de silício. 2015. 50 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura Tropical) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, 2015.