A Relação Entre As Teorias De Proteção Social E As Abordagens De Avaliação De Políticas Sociais: Uma Análise Das Orientações Do Banco Mundial
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Data
2024-02-29
Autores
Amorim, Andressa Nunes
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The objective of this thesis is to understand the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the main approaches to evaluating social policies and their relationship with social protection standards, based on the World Bank guidelines for evaluating social policies to combat poverty. In this sense, the theoretical and methodological nature of the World Bank's guidelines for the evaluation of social policies for developing countries is questioned, since it is based on the assumption that the evaluation process is intrinsically intertwined with political, theoretical and methodologies defining public social policy and represents a substantive element in the definition of social policy that guides the actions of public agents. In this way, politics is characterized as the process of decision-making and governance in a society, which involves the distribution of power and resources, as well as conflict resolution and the formulation of public policies. In this sense, politics can be understood from three dimensions: the organization of the State, the constitution of a regime through the State with its organizations and institutions in their legal and administrative dimensions (polity), the field of dispute where the divergences, speeches, ideas and the dispute of interests (politcs) and state action or omission materialized in public policy (policy). These dimensions are interrelated and have a cause and effect relationship. Thus, we seek to permeate the different understandings about the evaluation of public social policies based on the premise that policy evaluations are judgmental actions, which prevents this process from being merely instrumental, technical or neutral. It is permeated by different interests, different worldviews, different understandings of social reality and interpretations of it. In this sense, it is noteworthy that obtaining consensus in the dispute over the State, or the public fund, occurs through the State in the formulation of public policies, that is, through the influence of subordinates in the formulation of policies in a context of concession by the classes dominant classes to the dominated classes to maintain their hegemony. Thus, in this context of competing interests, we sought to analyze the concepts, trajectory and approaches to evaluating social policies in a context of growth in the field of policy evaluation. Considering that evaluation is a field in dispute, we sought to understand the uniqueness of approaches to evaluating social policies in light of the historical moment in which public policies, and especially social policies, go through a process of counter-reformation associated with the advance of neoliberalism resulting in the reduction of social protection standards around the world. This process developed in the post-capitalist crisis of the 1970s under the influence of multilateral agencies, mainly the World Bank, whose privileged role as an international financial agent gave it the possibility of acting as a financier with political and ideologically oriented actions and as an influencer of designs. of public policies, especially social policies, in fulfilling the self-assigned task of mitigating extreme poverty on the planet.
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Palavras-chave
Avaliação de políticas sociais , abordagem avaliativa , proteção social , neoliberalismo , banco mundial , pobreza