UFES Repositório

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Avaliação global-local da vida em fadiga de ligações soldadas em pontes ferroviárias de carga

(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-10-13) Ferro, Karina Barth; Dias, João Victor Fragoso; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Calenzani, Adenilcia Fernanda Groberio; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Carvalho, Hermes; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/

In cargo transportation, railways play a complementary role in logistics by enabling the transport of large volumes with lower energy consumption. To serve this purpose, railway bridges have been constructed over the years using various materials, among which steel has gained prominence due to its versatility and the ability to span long distances with lightweight structures. In these bridges, structural details such as welded connections can feature various geometric configurations that result in stress concentration points. When combined with dynamic loading and second-order effects, these stress concentrations make fatigue one of the primary causes of failure in steel bridges. However, assessments for this type of limit state can be complex, and more accurate approaches, such as the global-local methodology, can be employed. Within this context, a fatigue life assessment is conducted on a welded connection of a railway bridge with a composite steel-concrete structure. The analysis is carried out using finite element models in the commercial software Ansys Mechanical APDL v. 2020R1, considering two modeling scales – global and local. Fatigue life is estimated using both the nominal stress method and the hot-spot stress method. Damage per vehicle passage is computed based on the stress history, followed by the estimation of the number of load cycles the structure can withstand, in accordance with the recommendations of the International Institute of Welding (IIW) and EN 1993-1-9:2005. The results indicate that for the evaluated detail, fatigue life is not infinite, even when considering the passage of the lightest type of vehicle operating on the track. Furthermore, it is evident that increases in vehicle weight and traffic speed have a significant impact on the fatigue life of the detail. Regarding standards and methodologies, the nominal stress method was found to be non-conservative for fatigue life prediction, whereas the IIW methodology yielded more conservative results than those provided by EN 1993-1- 9:2005.

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Leitura literária na perspectiva da pedagogia histórico-crítica: um projeto pedagógico a partir do conto "Zaíta esqueceu de guardar os brinquedos" , de Conceição Evaristo no 9º. ano do Ensino Fundamental

(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-08-11) Braga, Nadine Vasconcelos Alves Lopes; Silva, Arlene Batista da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8153-5776; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2371977118070548; https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4615-5574; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1858986115840310; Salgueiro, Maria Amélia Dalvi; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8729-2338; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9399371418356916; Ramalhete, Mariana Passos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6933-6552; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5970771373978559

This research aimed to analyze the literary reading experiences of 9th grade students from an elementary school located on the outskirts of the municipality of Guarapari-ES. The study was based on the principle of encouraging and valuing the reading of literary works, recognizing it as a necessity for the student’s integral human development. As a theoretical framework, this work was grounded in Historical-Critical Pedagogy, in dialogue with Historical-Cultural Psychology, through the works of Saviani (1986, 2011, 2014), Duarte (2001), Anjos and Duarte (2016), Martins (2016), Marsiglia and Della Fonte (2016), Marsiglia, Martins and Lavoura (2017), among others. Regarding the critique of Conceição Evaristo’s work and studies on Afro-Brazilian Literature, this research relied on the studies of Duarte & Nunes (2020) and Machado (2014). The methodology was divided into two distinct stages: first, a bibliographic review of the central themes of the dissertation; then, an exploratory study inspired by action research, conducted with a 9th grade class of approximately 30 students. As data collection instruments, a questionnaire was applied to identify the students’ initial context and repertoire of literary reading, followed by the development of a pedagogical project, from the perspective of Historical-Critical Pedagogy, for the mediation of the short story “Zaíta esqueceu de guardar os brinquedos” by Brazilian writer Conceição Evaristo. This was complemented by students’ text production and rewriting, and concluded with an assessment of learning and data production through a focus group. The results obtained include: students’ approximation to critical reading, contributing to the omnilateral formation of the class involved in this study; students’ perception and understanding of the relationship between “content and form” (respectively, the comprehension and analysis of the theme present in the story and the narrative elements) as inseparable components for the adequate and integral interpretation of the literary text; and the reading of a text which, according to the focus group reports, contained realism and led students to unveil their own reality in many aspects. In conclusion, the production of meaning by the students was observed during the development of the pedagogical project, through elements such as the change of setting (from classroom to auditorium) and the mediation of the text, which was placed at the center of the entire work. The reading was carried out integrally, in light of the dialectical concept of mediation proposed by Historical-Critical Pedagogy.

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Análise do percurso terapêutico de idosos portadores de catarata: pesquisa nacional de saúde, Brasil, 2019

(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-10-17) Coelho, Roberta Goltara; Sarti, Thiago Dias; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-1545-6276; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7489127535403969; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4347-0531; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8188728500963658; Rocha, Erika Maria Sampaio; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0003-4347-0531; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6148133355428388; Almeida, Ana Paula Santana Coelho; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0001-5808-5818; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2570855705420190

Introduction: Cataracts are the leading cause of reversible blindness and represent a major public health challenge in Brazil. Associated with population aging and social inequalities, the disease affects millions of people and has a significant impact on the Unified Health System (SUS). There is a scarcity of national analyses focusing on the therapeutic itinerary (care pathway) for individuals with cataracts. This gap can be addressed using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS). Such analyses can contribute to identifying the magnitude of the condition and the differences in access to diagnosis and surgical treatment in Brazil. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cataract diagnosis and associated factors, as well as the indication and effective performance of corrective surgery among Brazilian residents aged 60 and over. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS). The prevalence rates of cataract diagnosis, surgical indication, and surgical undertaking were calculated. Crude and adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PRs) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance for sociodemographic and regional factors. The final sample included 22,728 older adults. Results: Among the study participants, 40.4% (95% CI: 39.7–41.1) had a clinical diagnosis of cataract. Among these, the largest proportion (83.3%; 95% CI: 82.5–84.1) received an indication for surgical treatment, which demonstrates the recognition of the therapeutic need. However, a relevant barrier was observed in access to the subsequent stage: only 73.2% (95% CI: 72.1–74.2) of individuals with an indication for surgery actually underwent the procedure. Thus, it was found that more than a quarter (26.9%; 95% CI: 25.8–27.9) of cases requiring intervention did not complete the care pathway. Final considerations: This study highlighted the high prevalence of cataracts among older adults in Brazil and the barriers to accessing surgery, marked by social and regional inequalities. The findings reinforce the need to strengthen primary care, modernize regulatory mechanisms, and expand funding for eye health to ensure equity and reduce the burden of preventable blindness in the country

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Análise do percurso terapêutico de idosos portadores de catarata: pesquisa nacional de saúde, Brasil, 2019

(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-01-01) Coelho, Roberta Goltara; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/

Introduction: Cataracts are the leading cause of reversible blindness and represent a major public health challenge in Brazil. Associated with population aging and social inequalities, the disease affects millions of people and has a significant impact on the Unified Health System (SUS). There is a scarcity of national analyses focusing on the therapeutic itinerary (care pathway) for individuals with cataracts. This gap can be addressed using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS). Such analyses can contribute to identifying the magnitude of the condition and the differences in access to diagnosis and surgical treatment in Brazil. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cataract diagnosis and associated factors, as well as the indication and effective performance of corrective surgery among Brazilian residents aged 60 and over. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, population-based study using data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS). The prevalence rates of cataract diagnosis, surgical indication, and surgical undertaking were calculated. Crude and adjusted Prevalence Ratios (PRs) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance for sociodemographic and regional factors. The final sample included 22,728 older adults. Results: Among the study participants, 40.4% (95% CI: 39.7–41.1) had a clinical diagnosis of cataract. Among these, the largest proportion (83.3%; 95% CI: 82.5–84.1) received an indication for surgical treatment, which demonstrates the recognition of the therapeutic need. However, a relevant barrier was observed in access to the subsequent stage: only 73.2% (95% CI: 72.1–74.2) of individuals with an indication for surgery actually underwent the procedure. Thus, it was found that more than a quarter (26.9%; 95% CI: 25.8–27.9) of cases requiring intervention did not complete the care pathway. Final considerations: This study highlighted the high prevalence of cataracts among older adults in Brazil and the barriers to accessing surgery, marked by social and regional inequalities. The findings reinforce the need to strengthen primary care, modernize regulatory mechanisms, and expand funding for eye health to ensure equity and reduce the burden of preventable blindness in the country.

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Ecobiometria esplênica em cães

(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-10-03) Oliveira, Larissa Souza de; Aptekmann, Karina Preising ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Cruz, Igor Cezar Kniphoff da ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/

B-mode ultrasonography is a widely used imaging technique in small animal practice and serves as a fundamental tool for splenic evaluation, particularly in dogs. However, the lack of standardized parameters for spleen measurement hinders the diagnosis of splenomegaly as well as the differentiation between physiological and pathological conditions. In this context, the present study aimed to establish reference values for splenic size in healthy dogs of different sizes and ages, assessing distinct anatomical regions of the spleen using B-mode ultrasonography. Thirty healthy dogs were examined and allocated into three groups of ten animals each, according to body size, with a mean age of approximately three years and a mean body weight of 13 kg. The animals underwent physical and complementary evaluations, including complete blood count and abdominal ultrasound for measuring the height of the splenic head, body, and tail regions, as well as the diameter of the splenic hilum in longitudinal sec tion. Animals presenting systemic clinical, hematological, or ultrasonographic abnor malities were excluded from the study. The difference in dimensions among the various splenic regions was assessed between size groups, and within each group it was ver ified whether age range exerted any influence. The results demonstrated that spleen size varies according to the animals’ body size, being directly proportional to body weight. Within each group, the body of the spleen exhibited larger measurements com pared to other regions, whereas the tail and head showed no significant differences between them. Additionally, the splenic hilum showed variation according to dog size. No significant influence of age range on splenic dimensions was observed within groups. We conclude that body weight tends to influence spleen size and that B-mode ultrasonography is a safe and effective method for its measurement, contributing to the standardization of splenic assessment in this species

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