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Pluviosidade e movimentos de massa nas áreas de risco do Maciço de Jaburuna, Vila Velha–ES: um estudo de correlação como subsídio para boas práticas de proteção e defesa civil
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-10-31) Felix, Fernando de Almeida; Goulart, Antônio Celso de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-6583; Coelho, André Luiz Nascentes; Zamprogno, Bartolomeu; Paula, Eduardo Vedor de
The town of Vila Velha, placed on the Metropolitan Region of Grande Vitória, Espírito Santo, has been historically affected by mass movement, associated to extreme events of rain. The occurrence of those phenomenon in urban environments shows great potential to cause disasters and human, material, and environmental losses. This research has the objective of elaborating a study to estimate a correlation between rainfall and mass movements events, by means of an empirical based model of measured rain database and geodynamic process registers in the risk areas of Maciço de Jaburuna, Vila Velha – ES through the analysis of inspection report from municipality Civil Defense, in order to produce a subsidy to deploy early warning systems and to implement others good practices on Civil’s Protection and Defense. There were identified 43 geological occurrences registered in this location during the period of 2005 to 2022, surveying the specification of the landslide, the event date, the horary, the kind of rupture occurred and the geographic coordinates of each one of these processes, which could be correlated with the information obtained from the rainfall database built to this region. The evaluation of the correlation curves indicates the time intervals of 6 hours, 24 hours and 96 hours are the most influential in triggering landslides. Notably, the great intensity and short-term rains play a significant role. The analysis suggests that these rains can cause mass movement independently of early accumulated rainfall. The minimum values observed for geological events are 22.99 mm/6h, 39.22 mm/24h and 53.63 mm/96h, defined as monitoring thresholds at the observation level. Values above 39.22 mm/6h, 39.22 mm/24h and 58.08 mm/96h have been defined as attention level thresholds. As warning level thresholds, values above 93.91 mm/6h, 111.23 mm/24h and 132.05 mm/96h were established.
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Avaliação microestrutural de cordão soldado a laser Utilizando mistura metal-cerâmica (uns s32304-tib2)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-10-14) Xavier, Gabriel Correa; Orlando, Marcos Tadeu DAzeredo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8387-6504; Passos, Carlos Augusto Cardoso; Rossi, Jesualdo Luiz; Passamai Junior, José Luis; Salustre, Mariane Gonçalves de Miranda
Duplex stainless steels (DSS) are widely used due to their good corrosion resistance and high mechanical strength, when compared to austenitic stainless steels, especially in corrosive environments such as nuclear, chemical, petrochemical, and offshore oil and gas industries. This class of materials requires careful control of cooling rates during welding, both to maintain the appropriate ferrite-austenite ratio and to prevent the formation of detrimental precipitates. The high concentrated energy released during laser welding is advantageous in producing limited heat-affected zones and high cooling rates, which hinder the formation of undesirable precipitates. With the aim of combining the good mechanical characteristics found in DSS with low density and high process yield found in ceramic compounds, there is a strong industry trend towards producing powder metallurgy sintered stainless steel composites. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation is to evaluate the properties of laser-welded joints in UNS S32304 duplex stainless-steel sheets using a mixture of the same steel powder with varying proportions of titanium diboride ceramic. Several techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), microindentation, and microtomography were employed to characterize the microstructure and hardness of the samples welded with the manufactured powder. The results revealed a deviation from the ideal ferrite-austenite ratio in welded joints when TiB2 ceramic was introduced, primarily attributed to the formation of titanium nitride (TiN). Microhardness tests indicated an increase in hardness in the fusion zone as a function of TiB2 content in the samples and due to the presence of the formed titanium nitride. Furthermore, microtomography revealed improved weld bead homogeneity and a narrower fusion zone in samples containing TiB2, suggesting enhanced weld quality. These findings highlight the potential of TiB2 ceramic as an effective reinforcement in improving the microstructural and mechanical properties of laser-welded DSS joints, promising advancements in the manufacturing of corrosion-resistant materials for various industrial applications.
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Análise da difusão espacial da COVID-19 no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-28) Rodrigues, Maicon dos Santos; Catão, Rafael de Castro; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2837-0364; Miranda, Marina Jorge de; Faria, Rivaldo Mauro de
Appeared in 2019, in China, COVID-19 arrived in Rio Grande do Sul in February 2020, revealing major challenges in the detection, notification and treatment of cases, in addition to promoting intense disputes in the sphere of public administration in search of mitigating its impacts. in public health, human relations and the production process. In this context, this research analyzes the spatio-temporal dynamics of COVID-19 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in the period between February 2020 and January 2023, with the aim of understanding the pattern of spread of the disease and analyzing political decisions in managing this health crisis, seeking to discuss future strategies for new cases of spread of viral epidemics in the state. Geography has shown itself throughout history as an important instrument for articulating different areas of thought and, in the case of Health Geography, its spatial analysis techniques have been used in mapping since the 19th century for this purpose, when under the theoretical focus of Medical Geography. This research was designed based on public data on COVID-19 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, collected on January 15, 2023. To process the data in order to understand the behavior of the pandemic in the state's territory, the method of Exploratory Analysis of Spatial Data, which made it possible to identify propagation patterns that, when crossed with the spatial structures of the territory and its demographic characteristics, offered fundamental reading keys to achieve the proposed objectives. The spatial behavior of the disease between epidemiological weeks nine and 36 showed the diffusion characteristics that predominated in different periods in the state. The observed expansion was influenced by intense flows from metropolitan regions, with a rapid advance to the north coast and, later, to the north region. The final completion of the saturation of contaminated municipalities occurred in the general West and South direction. This study finally revealed that demographic density and the complexity of economic connections were drivers of COVID-19 in the territory. The disease initially took hold in large and medium-sized municipalities, traveling along the federal highways BR290, 116 and 386, later spreading to other highways with lower traffic. COVID-19 as an actor deforming space and human relations showed the weaknesses and choices based on the logic of governmentality of the subject in the 21st Century.
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Purificação e caracterização bioquímica de uma protease do muco do peixe escorpião scorpaena plumieri
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-10-09) Pirovani, Milenna Machado; Gonçalves, Juliana Barbosa Coitinho; Figueiredo, Suely Gomes de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5363-8329; Paula, Heberth de; Menezes, Thiago Nunes de
Proteases are the efficient executioners of a common chemical reaction, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. These enzymes appear in all domains of life, including plants, animals, and microorganisms. Due to their involvement in various important biological processes (e.g., blood coagulation, blood pressure regulation, protein processing, and antimicrobial activity), as well as their high specificity, these enzymes have clinical and industrial biotechnological potential. Recently, using a proteomic approach – ‘shotgun’ modality – our research group identified 228 proteins in the epidermal mucus of the Brazilian scorpionfish, Scorpaena plumieri, including various classes of proteases. In this study, a gelatinolytic protease from S. plumieri skin mucus (named Sp-MGP) was purified to homogeneity through a combination of two chromatographic steps: conventional gel filtration (Sephacryl S-200 column) and anion exchange HPLC (SynChropak AX300 column). The purification process was monitored by zymography (SDS-PAGE gelatin). Physicochemical studies indicated that the purified enzyme is an approximately 79-kDa monomeric glycoprotein, as estimated by SDS-PAGE under both reducing and non-reducing conditions. Zymogram analysis of Sp-MGP showed gelatinolytic zones of activity in the gel, with optimal activity at pH 6.0 to 9.0, which is typical of serine proteases. The enzyme stored in aqueous solutions at room temperature (25–30°C), 4°C, -25°C, and -80°C for 60 days did not lose its activity. Sp-MGP was also active on the thrombin (S-2238) and kallikrein (S-2266) synthetic substrates. The activity on S2238 was inhibited by aprotinin and benzamidine. These data reaffirm the suggestion that the purified enzyme is a serine protease, specifically of the thrombin-like and kallikrein-like subclasses. The information generated represents the initial step in the study of a novel protease and may contribute to exploring its biotechnological potential, in addition to providing knowledge about the diversity of molecules in fish skin mucus.
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Burnout e fadiga por compaixão em trabalhadores de enfermagem do serviço de nefrologia
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-30) Ribeiro, Lisiane Silva; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Batista, Karla de Melo ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Introduction: Burnout Syndrome and Compassion Fatigue are conditions that negatively affect the physical and mental health of nursing workers, resulting in physical exhaustion, anxiety, depression and depersonalization in relation to work. The quality of care provided is also compromised, due to fatigue and decreased empathy when interacting with patients. Signs of Burnout have been observed among nephrology nursing staff, with effects on the health of the worker and the work environment. Objective: To identify the determinants of Burnout Syndrome and Compassion Fatigue, to describe Burnout and Compassion Fatigue in nursing workers, to analyze the perception of nursing workers in relation to Burnout and Compassion Fatigue, and to build an educational technology for coping with Burnout and Compassion Fatigue for nursing workers. Method: Applied research, with technological production, carried out with nursing workers from the nephrology service of a university hospital in the southeast. The research was carried out in four stages: 1) Literature review; 2) Quantitative data collection; 3) Qualitative data collection; 4) Technology development. Results: The integrative literature review includes work overload, lack of institutional support and continuous contact with situations of suffering as the main determinants for the development of Burnout and Compassion Fatigue among nursing workers in the nephrology sector. These factors were corroborated by the study's findings. In the quantitative analysis, 47% of the participants showed high levels of stress and 53% showed signs of Burnout; in addition, 65% reported symptoms of Compassion Fatigue, and the majority of those affected were women, 70%. In the qualitative analysis, the following categories emerged: emotional and work overload, lack of professional recognition and lack of psychological support. Product: Chatbot-type educational technology, with an artificial intelligence interface and self-management, in which the virtual secretary can identify workers' demands regarding Burnout Syndrome and Compassion Fatigue, presenting personalized strategies based on user interactions. Final considerations: This study revealed an overview of the information collected in the assessments of Burnout Syndrome and Compassion Fatigue among nursing workers in the Nephrology Unit. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, it was possible to measure the severity of these conditions using psychometric scales and to explore the professionals' subjective perceptions. The quantitative analysis revealed high levels of stress and emotional exhaustion, while the qualitative analysis highlighted categories such as emotional overload, lack of professional recognition and absence of psychological support. Based on these findings, educational technology was developed in the form of a chatbot, designed to help professionals self-manage Burnout and Compassion Fatigue, responding to the specific needs of workers