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- ItemStudy of electromyographic patterns of erector spinae and lower-limb muscles during different modalities of gait in post-stroke individuals(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-19) Loterio, Flávia Aparecida; Frizera Neto, Anselmo; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Nogueira, Breno Valentim; Rodriguez, Denis Delisle; Siqueira, Adriano Almeida Gonçalves; Parra, Ana Cecília VillaStroke is one of the leading causes of motor disability in the world. New technologies have been developed to increase efficiency and reduce costs of rehabilitation of poststroke individuals. Objective: To compare electromyographic patterns related to muscle onset/offset, duration of activation and analysis of neuromuscular fatigue of erector spinae (ES) and lower-limb muscles during different modalities of gait in poststroke and healthy individuals. Methodology: The changes in the median frequency (MDF) was analyzed during isometric tasks and walking on a treadmill in healthy individuals (N = 10) to identify fatigue. Ten post-stroke and 30 healthy subjects participated of the second stage of the study, in which ES and three lower-limb muscles were analyzed during different gaits (walking on treadmill and ground, with and without arm swing, and using a walker), with the neuromuscular fatigue analyzed in stroke gait. Muscle analysis was also conducted with two post-stroke subjects while using the UFES’s robotic walker. Results: For the healthy subjects, all the lower-limb muscles showed reduction in their MDF during walking on treadmill. Walking on treadmill had a stronger influence on the onset/offset muscles than the arm swing in the healthy individuals. For post-stroke subjects, their ES muscles presented a similar pattern to the healthy subjects, but the contralateral side had longer activation near the toe-off than the ipsilateral side in both gaits. All the observed changes in the activation for each phase indicated a longer duration of activation of the post-stroke subjects. Regarding neuromuscular fatigue, it was not possible to detect reduced MDF values for post-stroke individuals. The use of the UFES’s robotic walker improved the symmetry of one post-stroke subject, and the symmetry of duration of activation in the swing phase for all muscles of the other subject. Conclusion: MDF changes were detected in non-strenuous exercises in healthy subjects. ES muscle activation is not influenced by arm swing in healthy individuals, with the same behavior in post-stroke individuals. As a finding of this research, we concluded that trunk muscles can be used in rehabilitation processes and also to control robotic devices for assistance or rehabilitation.
- ItemAvaliação de usabilidade, desempenho ocupacional e satisfação com sistema de controle de ambiente inteligente por pessoas com deficiência motora severa através de eletromiografia de superfície e oculografia por infravermelho(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-06-13) Sime, Mariana Midori; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Silva, Adriana Madeira Álvares da; Frizera Neto, Anselmo; Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da; Naves, Eduardo Lázaro MartinsA smart environment (SE) is an Assistive Technology (AT) resource that allows people with motor disabilities, even with low mobility, to control the lighting and electronic equipment (TV, radio, fan, etc) of the environment through a Human-Machine Interface (HMI) configured to be activated by biomedical signals. However, despite the recognized importance, the AT resource is not always considered useful, reaching high abandonment rates, since a prior assessment and prescription by professionals is necessary, taking into account the real demands and needs of the person with disability. This Doctoral Thesis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a smart environment system controlled by surface electromyography and by infrared oculography, captured by an eye tracker, used by people with motor disabilities. Six volunteers participated in the research, and, initially, were applied socio-demographic data forms, Functional Independence Measure (FIM TM) and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). The subjects were presented to the equipment and system interface, being trained for their use in domestic environment, using the system for a week. Afterwards, they were re-evaluated with the COPM, besides evaluations of satisfaction with the use of the AT resource (form B-QUEST 2.0), psychosocial impact (form PIADS), usability of the system (SUS form) and semi-structured interview for suggestions or complaints. The control of TV was the common demand of all participants. As a result of this research, of the six volunteers, four used the system, presenting positive results regarding the change in occupational performance, satisfaction with performance and the smart environment system, high psychosocial impact and good system usability. It was evaluated that the developed system also provided greater independence of the volunteers for the control of the equipment. Regarding the volunteers who did not use the system, aspects such as nonacceptance of the disability and lack of social support may have influenced. The SE system proved to be effective, improving all aspects evaluated in the participants. A patent application of the developed system was submitted to INIT-UFES. Future studies should consider expanding the possibilities of controlled equipment and devices, as well as the time of use.
- ItemUnobtrusive technique based on infrared thermal imaging for emotion analysis in children-with-ASD-robot interaction(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-19) Goulart, Christiane Mara; Caldeira, Eliete Maria de Oliveira; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Silva, Adriana Madeira Alvares da; Gouvêa, Sônia Alves; Andrade, Adriano de Oliveira; Adams, KimberleyEmotions are relevant for the social relationships, and individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have emotion understanding and expression impaired. This thesis consists of studies about emotion analysis in typically developing children and children with ASD (aged between 7 and 12 years), through infrared thermal imaging (IRTI), a safe and unobtrusive (contact-free) technique, used to record temperature variations in facial regions of interest (ROIs), such as forehead, nose, cheeks, chin, periorbital and perinasal regions. A social robot called N-MARIA (New-Mobile Autonomous Robot for Interaction with Autistics) was used as emotional stimulus and mediator for social and pedagogical tasks. The first study evaluated the facial thermal variations for five emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, disgust and surprise), triggered by affective audio-visual stimuli, in typically developing children. The second study evaluated the facial thermal variation for three emotions (happiness, surprise and fear), triggered by the social robot N-MARIA, in typically developing children. In the third study, two sessions were carried out with children with ASD, in which social and pedagogical tasks were evaluated having the robot NMARIA as tool and mediator of the interaction with the children. An emotional analysis through facial thermal variation was possible in the second session, in which the robot was the stimulus to trigger happiness, surprise or fear. Moreover, professionals (teachers, occupational therapist and psychologist) evaluated the usability of the social robot. In general, the results showed IRTI as an efficient technique to evaluate emotions through thermal variations. In the first study, predominant thermal decrements were observed in most ROIs, with the highest emissivity variations induced by disgust, happiness and surprise, and an accuracy greater than 85% for the classification of the five emotions. In the second study, the highest probabilities of emotions detected by the classification system were for surprise and happiness, and a significant temperature increase was predominant in the chin and nose. The third study performed with children with ASD found significant thermal increase in all ROIs and a classification with the highest probability for surprise. N-MARIA was a promising stimulus able to trigger positive emotions in children. The child-with-ASD-and-robot interaction was positive, with social skills and pedagogical tasks successfully performed by the children. In addition, the usability of the robot assessed by professionals achieved great score, indicating N-MARIA as a potential tool for therapies.
- ItemAvaliação do senso de presença em ambiente de realidade virtual para reabilitação motora de pacientes pós-AVE : uma abordagem baseada em EEG(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-18) Pomer-Escher, Alexandre Geraldo; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Rodriguez, Denis Delisle; Bravo, Eduardo Caicedo; Nogueira, Breno Valentim; Fernandes, Antonio Alberto Ribeiroabstract
- ItemCaracterização da população do Estado do Espírito Santo para análises forenses de Y-STRs(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-01-07) Stange, Victor Santos; Louro, Iúri Drumond; Fernandes, Antônio Alberto Ribeiro; Paula, Flávia de; Fagundes, Valéria; Carvalho, Elizeu Fagundes deThe Espirito Santo state has been characterized by several migration events since 1535, which directly affected the demography of its population. The lack of data and a limited disclosure of haplotypes to characterize the current population of Espirito Santo, especially when related to Y-STRs, motivated this study. Through the genetic identification of samples 5 times larger than the one publicly available for studies about forensic kinship and criminal investigation, the Yfiler Plus® kit 27 Y-STR loci were used to make inferences in 409 samples collected in the State, divided into four macro regions. Population statistical tests (FST, RST and Molecular Variation Analysis - AMOVA) were performed to measure genetic distances among individuals and possible subpopulations. Although the general ES population did not present significant genetic differences among four macroregions, or when compared to other Brazilian populations, a subpopulation of Pomerania descendants was found to have a significantly distinct genetic profile from the neighboring subpopulations and even of the non-Pomeranian subpopulation of ES (variation of 2.32% in AMOVA). Genetic distances analysis showed a high proximity of the Pomeranian subpopulation with Europeans (Germans and Polish) and a high proximity of the general ES population with other Brazilian populations. The Pomeranian population is genetically much closer to Europeans from Germany and more similar to the Polish population than the German population itself, demonstrating an immigrant’s influence in the composition of the population of Espirito Santo. Therefore, we suggested the creation of a specific database for the Pomeranian community or the use of statistical correction factors for this subpopulation in forensics analysis.