Ciências Fisiológicas
URI Permanente desta comunidade
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas
Centro: CCS
Telefone: (27) 3335 7340
URL do programa: http://www.cienciasfisiologicas.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGCF
Navegar
Navegando Ciências Fisiológicas por Autor "Amorim, Girlandia Alexandre Brasil"
Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemDecanoato de nandrolona altera a função do ventrículo esquerdo por aumentar a relação SERCA-2a/fosfolambam em ratos SHR: efeitos prevenidos pelo enalapril(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-06-19) Melo Junior, Antonio Ferreira de; Dalpiaz, Polyana Lima Meireles; Bissoli, Nazaré Souza; Amorim, Girlandia Alexandre Brasil; Simões, Maylla RonacherAbuse of steroids is a matter of concern especially the effects of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) on cardiovascular function. Data demonstrate the occurrence of arterial hypertension, cardiomyopathies, arrhythmias, heart failure and sudden cardiac death, depending on the duration of use. Hypertension already affects about 27% of the Brazilian population and many of these people do not even know. In recent years much has been studied about the losses of AAS in experimental models, however, these studies are limited to normotensive animals. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the parameters of contractility and proteins involved in the intracellular calcium dynamics after a 4- week Nandrolone Decanoate (DN) treatment, associated with Enalapril. The subjects were 12 week-old SHR males divided into 4 groups. The group of hypertensive rats was divided into the following experimental groups treated with: vehicle (Control), Enalapril 10mg/ kg/day (ENALAPRIL), Nandrolone Decanoate 10mg / kg (DN) and Enalapril + Nandrolone Decanoate (DN+E). Systolic blood pressure (PAS) was indirectly assessed by the tail plethysmography method. After receiving anesthesia via peritoneal ketamine (30mg / kg,) and xylazine (3mg / kg), the animals were submitted to catheterization of the right carotid artery to evaluate cardiac function. The data were presented by means of the Left Ventricular Systolic Pressure (LVSP), of the temporal derivatives (dP/dtmax mmHg/sec), positive and negative, and TAU. The heart was collected for histological analysis (H&E) and deposition of collagen (picrosirius red). Analysis of the proteins expression related to cytosolic Ca2 + handling was performed by the Western blot method. Treatment with DN does not alter the final body weight, however it reduces epididymal fat and enalapril is able to prevent this change when associated with DN. In addition, DN increased the ratio of prostate weight to tibial length and enalapril is not able to prevent this increase. The animals presented similar initial SBP, however, after the end of the treatment enalapril reduced SBP, the DN increased this parameter and in the Decanoate + enalapril group the increase was reversed. The DECA increases the LVSP and the positive and negative derivatives in relation to the control, the enalapril alone does not alter this parameter and the association is able to reverse this alteration. TAU is reduced in the DN group and the association with enalapril partially reverses this parameter. SERCA-2a and p-PLB-Ser16 proteins as well as the SERCA-2a / PLB ratio are increased in DN animals and enalapril is able to prevent this increase. Thus, we conclude that Nadrolone Decanoate alters cardiac function and enalapril is able to revert the changes observed in SHR animals.
- ItemEfeitos da exposição pré-gestacional à moluscos contaminados com organoestânicos sobre a morfofisiologia reprodutivo-placentária, os substratos energéticos e a herança aos fetos em ratas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-10-11) Podratz, Priscila Lang; Vasquez, Elisardo Corral; Graceli, Jones Bernardes; Gouvea, Sonia Alves; Rodrigues, Lívia Carla de Melo; Nogueira, Breno Valentim; Amorim, Girlandia Alexandre BrasilOrganotin compounds (OTs) such as tributyltin (TBT) are environmental pollutants, with human exposure occurring mainly through the ingestion of contaminated shellfish. These chemical agents act as endocrine disruptors in marine invertebrates and also in rodents, affecting mainly the reproductive function and the lipids and carbohydrates metabolism. OTs can accumulate in the placenta and be transferred to fetuses. However, there is still no biotransfer model of OTs for mammals and rather few data on the gestational period and offspring. This study aims to evaluate the genesis and mechanisms involved in the reproductive and energy status alterations in adult female rats, placental dysfunction and fetal impairment in both genders, induced by direct exposure and maternal multigenerational inheritance through the ingestion of OTs-contaminated molluscs. Three-months-old female Wistar rats were divided into three groups: daily treated with vehicle (distilled water, control, CON), with Leucozonia nassa molluscs without OTs (LNN, 600 mg / day collected at Aracruz Beach, Espirito Santo, area without OTs contamination), or Leucozonia nassa with imposex (LNI, 600 mg / day, collected at Ilha do Frade Beach, Vitória, Espirito Santo, area contaminated with OTs), for 15 days, via gavage. Some of the animals were used for the evaluation of reproductive morphophysiology, with the remaining ones being allocated with control males for mating and subsequent cesarean section on the 20th gestational day, for the analysis of gestational parameters and collection of the placenta and fetuses. Adult LNI rats showed increased serum tin concentration, evidencing the transfer of OTs through the intake of contaminated molluscs. LNI rats developed irregularities in the estrous cycle; elevation of estrogen, progesterone and testosterone levels; ovarian folliculogenesis disorders and deposition of perifollicular collagen; hypertrophy of the luminal epithelium with pseudostratified areas, inflammatory process, increased collagen deposition and increased expression of uterine ERα. Regarding fertility parameters of the LNI group, we observed delays in establishing pregnancy, reduction in litter frequency, decrease in the number of implantations and consequent increase in pre-implantation embryo losses. Pregnant LNIs showed increased lipid profile, with hepatic accumulation of round lipid vacuoles with clearlydefined boundaries and variable sizes. Placentas from LNIs displayed increases in weight and percentage of glycogen cells, which is associated with higher expression of GLUT1 and with glucose transfer through the umbilical cord; accumulation of lipids (triglycerides and total cholesterol), with higher cholesterol supply to the fetuses; inflammatory process; higher expression of the regulatory proteins IRβ, p-Akt and p-mTOR. LNI fetuses of both genders exhibited higher body weight, increased megakaryocytes, lipids and oxidative stress in the liver. According to these findings, female rats directly exposed to OTs through the ingestion of contaminated molluscs revealed features of polycystic ovary syndrome. This endocrine disruption impairs placental formation and the expression of placental nutrient transporter, resulting in fetal anthropometric and hepatic disorders, due to adaptive responses to maternal influence.
- ItemEfeitos do treinamento físico aeróbico sobre a função vascular de ratos com sobrecarga crônica de ferro(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-03-31) Rossi, Emilly Martinelli; Santos, Leonardo dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4340-6364; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4132087001362623; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1527-1925; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5007561342107799; Bissoli, Nazare Souza; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3456-2437; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8865368585732583; Amorim, Girlandia Alexandre Brasil; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5455-7141; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402295792093274; Leopoldo, Andre Soares; https://orcid.org/0000000231312467; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5912424547697713; Claudio, Erick Roberto Gonçalves; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7030-3558; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6633154361953223Physical exercise is an effective non-pharmacological approach for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Also, because iron is essential element in many physiological processes including hemoglobin and myoglobin synthesis, thereby playing a role on oxygen transport, many athletes use iron supplement to improve training performance. In this sense, although iron deficiency can cause anemia and impair body homeostasis, on the other hand, its overload can be even more harmful to health. Indeed, iron overload is associated with oxidative stress and damage to various systems, including cardiovascular. Thus, we aimed to identify the influence of iron overload on the beneficial vascular effects promoted by aerobic physical training in rats. To investigate it, male Wistar rats were treated with 100 mg/kg/day iron-dextran or 0.9% saline, ip, five times a week for four weeks, and then underwent aerobic exercise protocol on a treadmill at moderate intensity, 60 min/day, five days a week for eight weeks, or kept without exercise for an equal period. After 13 weeks of the treatment protocol, the iron overload model was confirmed with increased serum levels of iron, transferrin saturation and iron deposition in the liver, gastrocnemius muscle and aorta. Confirming the efficiency of the physical exercise protocol, all exercised animals increased physical capacity at the end of the followup, evaluated as increased speed and maximum time to failure. We identified that the exercise reduced vasoconstrictor response of isolated aortic rings, associated with higher bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and reduced oxidative stress. Furthermore, the reduced vasoconstriction in the exercised group was reversed by incubation with superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor, suggesting increased SOD activity, added to catalase overexpression given by the exercise was lost in iron overload rats and the catalase was overexpressed, reinforcing the oxidative defenses on the aorta of exercised animals. However, these benefits to the vasculature were not observed in rats previously subjected to iron overload. In conclusion, despite the known beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on vasculature, our results indicate that a previous state of iron overload is able to prevent the anticontractile effect mediated by increased NO bioavailability and by the improvement of the endogenous antioxidant responses normally promoted by exercise.