Doutorado em Biotecnologia
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início:
Conceito atual na CAPES:
Ato normativo:
Periodicidade de seleção:
Área(s) de concentração:
Url do curso:
Navegar
Navegando Doutorado em Biotecnologia por Autor "Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire"
Agora exibindo 1 - 11 de 11
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemAdaptação do usuário de próteses mioelétricas : implicações na aprendizagem dos movimentos da mão(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-03-30) Costa, Regina Mamede; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Vargas, Cláudia Domingues; Zamora, Roberto Sagaró; Delis, Alberto López; Nogueira, Breno ValentimFrom the physiological point of view, the knowledge of the anatomical and functional structure of the hand is essential for the understanding of the ostheomyoarticular mechanisms responsible for the movements of the fingers and their relation to the grasping functions. When injury occurs in one of these structures, the hand can be impaired, losing all functions as in the cases of amputation of the upper limb. The use of surface electromyography to control upper limb prostheses is an important clinical option, which offers the amputated an autonomy of control through the contraction of residual muscles. The functional biomechanical complexity of the hand involves a large area of representation in the cerebral cortex. In general, motor learning aims to maintain existing skills, the re-acquisition of lost skills and the learning of new skills. The goal of this Ph.D thesis was to propose and evaluate the application of a new experimental protocol for adaptation to the myoelectric prosthesis based on the distinction of hand movement patterns captured by sEMG of the remaining limb of amputees using myoelectric signals (SMEs).Ten upper limb amputees of both sexes, mean age 38.4 years ± 14.58, were evaluated. The inclusion criteria were: (1) transradial amputation or disarticulation of the wrist, unilateral or bilateral; (2) show no neurological or musculoskeletal disorder; (3) present no restriction of joint mobility. All of them were previously assessed including aspects of identification, anamnesis and physical examination. For MES acquisition, four Ag/AgCl active bipolar electrodes were used (TouchBionic ®). All the electrodes were placed according to the SENIAM (Surface Electromyography for the Non-Invasive Assessment of Muscle) recommendation. To the MES digitalization, an National Instrument NI USB-9001 acquisition system was used, and to the visualization of the MES, a digital processing software was developed, with interface to Matlab. The experimental protocol established a total of thirteen movements, which were grouped into two categories: GA (individual finger movements and hands opening and closure) and GB (grasping movements). The participants executed the tasks in three consecutive days. Two schemes were defined for the data capture: training phase and validation phase. The data concerning the first session (S1) were used to obtain a model of mechanical learning to the patterns classification, and the second (S2) and third (S3) sessions were used for the system validation. Although all tasks were performed in the same experiment, each category was studied and analyzed independently. Effectiveness (Acc), Kappa Coefficient (k) and Specificity (Sp) were calculated to evaluate the performance of each classifier of the executed movement. Positive-Negative Measurement (PNM) indicator was used to measure the performance of the thirteen proposed movements, and Goal Attainment Scale (GAS) was used to assess the extent to which individual objectives of each user were reached during the intervention. During the sessions, there were differences in the performance of the subjects during the proposed movements, which means that some participants could easily maintain repeated patterns, even with few training sessions, while others may need a longer training time to ensure good performance. Regarding the results of effectiveness, specificity, Kappa coefficient and PNM, the fact that the tasks of group A are simpler may explain the better performance of the volunteers in this group of tasks in relation to the performance in the tasks of group B (GB). On the other hand, the values obtained by GAS showed a satisfactory amount of correctness for the objectives outlined. Thus, this study showed that the subjects were able to perform muscular contractions, that is, perform the same movement with distinguishable MES patterns in the three experimental sessions, therefore, the proposed experimental design was validated in all the amputees of this study.
- ItemAnálise da expressão de genes relacionados à baixa densidade mineral óssea : avaliação prognóstica e de conduta terapêutica para osteoporose(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-11-22) Souza, Leticia Soncini de; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Silva, Ian Victor; Nogueira, Breno Valentim; Guimarães, Marco César Cunegundes; Houzel, Jean Christophe; Pires, Rita Gomes WanderleySince that assuming the knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of bone formation and resorption is crucial in the search for alternative therapies in diseases such as osteoporosis, molecular biology emerges as interesting tool and essential to achieving this goal. Among these genetic markers, gene polymorphisms associated with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and the gene Apolipoprotein " E" (ApoE) have received increased attention in recent years. The aim of this study was to analyze the expression of polymorphisms PvuII (CT nt -397) and XbaI (GA nt -351) gene present in REα and polymorphisms in the gene ApoE (HhaI - ε2 , ε3 and ε4) in populations of postmenopausal women, associating these gene alterations, and their clinical and biochemical profiles with osteoporosis. After analyzing the results obtained, the PvuII SNP in the gene of ERα is related to low BMD, and this effect is most noticeable in women with advanced age. The P allele, however, correlates strongly with high BMD (p < 0.05) in the whole population studied and reproduced when analyzing the population aged over 65 years, suggesting a protective role in the loss of bone mineral. In XbaII SNP, of same gene, a significant association of allele x at concentrations of triglycerides and total lipids and dependence on patient age and Body Mass Index (BMI) was observed. On the other hand, for SNP HhaI, ApoE gene, the E2 allele may be associated as a risk factor for low BMD, and E3 allele may be associated as a protective factor in relation to BMD. These results contribute to a better understanding of the expression of genes related to osteoporosis and can provide information for better prognostic determination of the disease as well as rationalization of therapeutic conduct to be chosen, providing a better quality of life for postmenopausal patients.
- ItemAvaliação de usabilidade, desempenho ocupacional e satisfação com sistema de controle de ambiente inteligente por pessoas com deficiência motora severa através de eletromiografia de superfície e oculografia por infravermelho(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-06-13) Sime, Mariana Midori; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Silva, Adriana Madeira Álvares da; Frizera Neto, Anselmo; Cruz, Daniel Marinho Cezar da; Naves, Eduardo Lázaro MartinsA smart environment (SE) is an Assistive Technology (AT) resource that allows people with motor disabilities, even with low mobility, to control the lighting and electronic equipment (TV, radio, fan, etc) of the environment through a Human-Machine Interface (HMI) configured to be activated by biomedical signals. However, despite the recognized importance, the AT resource is not always considered useful, reaching high abandonment rates, since a prior assessment and prescription by professionals is necessary, taking into account the real demands and needs of the person with disability. This Doctoral Thesis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a smart environment system controlled by surface electromyography and by infrared oculography, captured by an eye tracker, used by people with motor disabilities. Six volunteers participated in the research, and, initially, were applied socio-demographic data forms, Functional Independence Measure (FIM TM) and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). The subjects were presented to the equipment and system interface, being trained for their use in domestic environment, using the system for a week. Afterwards, they were re-evaluated with the COPM, besides evaluations of satisfaction with the use of the AT resource (form B-QUEST 2.0), psychosocial impact (form PIADS), usability of the system (SUS form) and semi-structured interview for suggestions or complaints. The control of TV was the common demand of all participants. As a result of this research, of the six volunteers, four used the system, presenting positive results regarding the change in occupational performance, satisfaction with performance and the smart environment system, high psychosocial impact and good system usability. It was evaluated that the developed system also provided greater independence of the volunteers for the control of the equipment. Regarding the volunteers who did not use the system, aspects such as nonacceptance of the disability and lack of social support may have influenced. The SE system proved to be effective, improving all aspects evaluated in the participants. A patent application of the developed system was submitted to INIT-UFES. Future studies should consider expanding the possibilities of controlled equipment and devices, as well as the time of use.
- ItemAvaliação do senso de presença em ambiente de realidade virtual para reabilitação motora de pacientes pós-AVE : uma abordagem baseada em EEG(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-18) Pomer-Escher, Alexandre Geraldo; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Rodriguez, Denis Delisle; Bravo, Eduardo Caicedo; Nogueira, Breno Valentim; Fernandes, Antonio Alberto Ribeiroabstract
- ItemDevelopment and evaluation of serious games as assistive technology through affordable access multi-devices(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-19) Longo, Berthil Borges; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Fernandes, Antonio Alberto; Valentim, Breno; Naves, Eduardo; Bravo, Eduardo CaicedoThe purpose of rehabilitation processes is to restore a person to a state of optimal functioning. A wide variety of rehabilitation processes consist of repetitive tasks. Thus, Serious Games can be used as a technology to assist in this process by motivating patients to perform the exercises during rehabilitation sessions using a variety of objectives, such as goals or scores to be achieved during the sessions. However, electronic games used in these processes can be commercial games designed with a main purpose of player entertainment, or games created specifically for rehabilitation, whose main purpose is patient rehabilitation. The latter has some advantages over the former because they are specifically designed for this purpose, involving specific rehabilitation knowledge applied in the game development. However, there is some discussion about clinical efficacy and acceptance by users and health professionals involved on this new approach, and how to integrate it into conventional rehabilitation. According to the World Disability Report produced by the World Health Organization, people with disabilities and their families are more likely to suffer economic, educational and social disadvantages than people without disabilities, which is also a reality for most people in Brazil. It is therefore important that new approaches developed are accessible to all, regardless of their social level. The use of affordable access devices in the development and production of such technology reduces its final cost by making it more accessible. Thus, this work addresses the theme Serious Games combined with affordable access devices to spread their use, as well as their evaluation by users, patients and health professionals involved in rehabilitation. In order to do so, Serious Games were created in two modalities: one aimed at being used by health professionals directly with patients undergoing rehabilitation, and another one focused on laboratory research, both involving the use of affordable access devices, all of which are evaluated by specific queries for this purpose.
- ItemEfeitos dos hormônios sexuais femininos e da apolipoproteína E na expressão de biomarcadores característicos da Doença de Alzheimer em animais(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-11-22) Pedrosa, Diego França; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Silva, Ian Victor; Nogueira, Breno Valentim; Guimarães, Marco Cesar Cunegundes; Silva, Cristina Martins e; Houzel, Jean ChristopheAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that compromises elements of the central nervous system, commonly associated to memory loss and dementia. There has been observed that AD’s patients brains exhibit extracellula plaques that consist in deposits of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide. Also, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, which can be associated to intermediate filaments, appear mainly in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of these patients. Anamnesis and molecular studies have suggested the presence of genetic elements involved in this pathophysiology, such as APOE gene, beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP) and TAU protein. However, some other comorbidity (high glycemic and lipid levels) may also contribute for the disease onset. Moreover, it is known that the disease incidence increases rapidly with advancing age and AD affects proportionately more women than men. It is believed that the decline in gonadal hormone levels in postmenopausal women may contribute to the observed difference between the sexes as long as it is also associated to many decline of body functions described above.
- ItemInvenções biotecnológicas no Brasil : proteção de sequências biológicas por reivindicações de gênero em patentes(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-21) Zorzal, Poliana Belisário; Fernandes, Antonio Alberto Ribeiro; Fernandes, Patricia Machado Bueno; Rodrigues, Silas Pessini; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Leite, Thiago FaldaTo protect the novel genes, proteins and their uses developed by molecular biology researches, the stakeholders have sought patent protection, however, this expedient is useless if a competitor can bypass the patent easily. Currently patent requirements, as sufficient disclosure, decrease the degree of its protection and extend the litigation risk, as it is not uncommon that only the literal genetic sequence is protected in claims approved by many patent offices around the world. Genus claims have been used seeking broader protection to biological sequences, but with a high degree of heterogeneity and protection uncertainty for the set of sequences associated with these claims categories. Clearly, achieving an effective patent protection for proteins and genetic sequences is a real challenge, considering the unpredictability of biology sciences and the current patent law in each country. In this scenario, the United States and India patent office approach to biotechnology is more flexible than the Brazilian about the description and enablement requirements, focused on knowledge and not structure, allowing some additional functional language. Although many law cases have been judged around the world in this issue, the resolutions are controversial and the guidelines lack practical and applicable rules. Accordingly, it is important to optimize the legal protection and, if possible, a uniformity in the rules between the countries for gene-based inventions supporting the development of a patent system that can provide satisfactory protection for the results of investments in biotechnology researches and development.
- ItemProtocolos e técnicas de análise de sinais sEMG aplicados à avaliação motora e robótica(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-12-16) Vela, Jhon Freddy Sarmiento; Silva, Ian Victor; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Fernandes, Antonio Alberto Ribeiro; Nogueira, Breno Valentim; Guimarães, Marco César Cunegundes; Andrade, AdrianoTechnological advances in the last decade opened up the field for the development of information processing systems with high capacity of data storage. These advances in health have evolved in the development of devices for applications in Bioengineering and Biomedical Engineering, supporting the understanding of the physiological behavior, diagnosis, monitoring, treatment and control of various biological changes. Along with technological advances, the amount and complexity of information is increasing, compared to its usefulness and understanding, representing, for different areas of knowledge, a challenge to find viable alternatives for using the attributes of biological systems in the development of new technologies directed to improve the quality of life of human beings. Currently, the development of noninvasive protocols for capturing bioelectric signals are becoming a viable option for the diagnosis of myopathies, motor rehabilitation, biomechanical analysis, development of Human-Machine Interface, and autonomous control of robotic devices for people with severe motor disabilities among other applications. In all cases, the support of computational techniques, such as digital signal processing (DSP), and new algorithms based on artificial intelligence, has opened the opportunity to develop classification techniques for recognizing patterns which can be applied in biotechnology for health. This doctoral thesis develops protocols and techniques for analysis of sEMG signals, consisting of "instructed delay tasks", applied to the motor assessment and rehabilitation estrategies, involving analysis of inclusion-exclusion criteria for clinical history, control variables in experimental environment, capture, acquisition and processing of sEMG signal, digital group, filtering, segmentation, feature selection, classification and pattern recognition. Biotechnological applications with sEMG signals present a quantitative experimental approach in the form of case studies. The first case study is centered on three acquisition protocols for evaluation of proprioceptive knee, control of a robotic wheelchair for people with severe motor disabilities, and manipulation of a mobile robot for children with cognitive and motor disability, using a hybrid sensor (inclination + sEMG), which is a patent derivate of this thesis. The second case study, develops a protocol for acquisition of sEMG signals in order, to support the diagnosis of fibromyalgia using algorithms for evaluation of muscle fatigue in time domain (ARV, RMS) and frequency domain (MNF, MDF, AIF), with 30%, 60% and 80% of MVC. The third case study, develops a protocol for the acquisition of sEMG signals with low density and low level of muscle contraction, with control of the rest, for the recognition of different hand gestures in healthy and amputees, evaluating 14 characteristics , 8 in time domain, and 5 in frequency domain and Fractal Dimension (FD), with several of their combinations, which were classified with computational techniques of artificial intelligence, such as fuzzy logic (FL) and artificial neural networks of MLP type. The results for the first case study, has demonstrated the usefulness of threshold predetermination as RMS and slope, acquired with the hybrid sensor (inclination + sEMG), improving the accuracity sense of positioning in proprioceptive analysis of the knee compared to a commercial electrogoniometer in combination with sEMG signal. The hybrid sensor also was applied to the control of a robotic wheelchair, using head movements for self-displacement of persons with tetraplegia, as well as autonomous manipulation of a mobile robot by people with cognitive and motor disabilities, which was obtained with training, whose performance in interacting with the robot was evaluated by GAS index. In the second case study, the results obtained for assessment of fatigue in people with fibromyalgia (FM)have indicated a relationship between increasing load and muscle pain, especially with 80% of MVC. The linear regression of algorithms RMS, ARV and MNF havshown in both the inclination (α ) and intercept (β) an expected trend in the control group, with positive linear relationship to characteristics in the time domain and negative characteristics to the frequency domain, with 60% MVC, and 60% of isometric segment of sEMG signal, which were obtained with 20 isotonic contractions during flexion-extension of biceps braquii (RMS α = 1.1319, β = 275 706; MNF α = -0470, β = 91 482). In the case of volunteers with FM, the N3 voluntary presented a behavior with the highest expected trend of muscular fatigue at 80% MVC and 60% of isometric segment, obtained during isotonic movement of biceps braquii (RMS α = 5.92 β = 113.33; MNF α = β = -1.21 96.96). Finally, the third case study, identified, with the MLP classifier, a success rate of 94.9% for six movements of individual fingers, including rest (category A), and 97.5% of success rate for seven movements, including: fingers, wrist and grip (category B), both cases, with a combination of features RMS, WL, MAV and ZC. On the other hand, the results obtained by amputee volunteers showed better results with features in time domain, compared to fractal dimension (DF), with success rates of 93.9% using combination RMS, WL and MAV characteristics for category A, and 95.4% of success rate with combination of RMS, WL, MAV and ZC in category B.
- ItemStudy of electromyographic patterns of erector spinae and lower-limb muscles during different modalities of gait in post-stroke individuals(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-19) Loterio, Flávia Aparecida; Frizera Neto, Anselmo; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Nogueira, Breno Valentim; Rodriguez, Denis Delisle; Siqueira, Adriano Almeida Gonçalves; Parra, Ana Cecília VillaStroke is one of the leading causes of motor disability in the world. New technologies have been developed to increase efficiency and reduce costs of rehabilitation of poststroke individuals. Objective: To compare electromyographic patterns related to muscle onset/offset, duration of activation and analysis of neuromuscular fatigue of erector spinae (ES) and lower-limb muscles during different modalities of gait in poststroke and healthy individuals. Methodology: The changes in the median frequency (MDF) was analyzed during isometric tasks and walking on a treadmill in healthy individuals (N = 10) to identify fatigue. Ten post-stroke and 30 healthy subjects participated of the second stage of the study, in which ES and three lower-limb muscles were analyzed during different gaits (walking on treadmill and ground, with and without arm swing, and using a walker), with the neuromuscular fatigue analyzed in stroke gait. Muscle analysis was also conducted with two post-stroke subjects while using the UFES’s robotic walker. Results: For the healthy subjects, all the lower-limb muscles showed reduction in their MDF during walking on treadmill. Walking on treadmill had a stronger influence on the onset/offset muscles than the arm swing in the healthy individuals. For post-stroke subjects, their ES muscles presented a similar pattern to the healthy subjects, but the contralateral side had longer activation near the toe-off than the ipsilateral side in both gaits. All the observed changes in the activation for each phase indicated a longer duration of activation of the post-stroke subjects. Regarding neuromuscular fatigue, it was not possible to detect reduced MDF values for post-stroke individuals. The use of the UFES’s robotic walker improved the symmetry of one post-stroke subject, and the symmetry of duration of activation in the swing phase for all muscles of the other subject. Conclusion: MDF changes were detected in non-strenuous exercises in healthy subjects. ES muscle activation is not influenced by arm swing in healthy individuals, with the same behavior in post-stroke individuals. As a finding of this research, we concluded that trunk muscles can be used in rehabilitation processes and also to control robotic devices for assistance or rehabilitation.
- ItemTranscriptoma diferencial e mecanismos moleculares associados ao desenvolvimento dos sintomas da meleira do mamoeiro(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-07-06) Madroñero, Leidy Johana; Rodrigues, Silas Pessini; Fernandes, Patricia Machado Bueno; Ventura, José Aires; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Santos, Alexandre Martins Costa; Zerbini Júnior, Francisco MuriloThe papaya sticky disease (PSD) severely affects the papaya crops in Brazil and México. PSD is associated with the combined infection of Papaya meleira virus (PMeV) and Papaya meleira virus 2 (PMeV2) (PMeV complex). Interestingly, PSD symptoms appear only after flowering. To understand the mechanisms involved in this phenomenon, the differential transcriptome of C. papaya inoculated with the PMeV complex was analyzed and resulted in the modulation of 633 and 88 genes in the pre- and post-flowering stages, respectively. At pre-flowering, functional analysis showed an up-regulation of genes related to defense and transport in parallel to the down-regulation of several genes coding to cell wall, leucine rich kinase receptors (RLK-LRR) and cell cycle proteins. Regarding the genes related to the defense pathways, it was observed the up-regulation of several genes involved in callose metabolism, detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and salicylic acid (AS) responsive genes, such as PR1, PR2, PR5 and WRKY. These results suggest the involvement of SA-mediated signaling in the tolerance of C. papaya to the symptom development at pre-flowering. Hence, the role of SA in the resistance to the PMeV complex was evaluated by the exogenous application of SA in PMeV complex inoculated plants and resulted in a tendency to decrease the viral loads of PMeV and PMeV2 in the SA-treated plants. However, at pre-flowering, the plants also accumulated transcripts encoding proteins involved in the metabolism of ethylene, UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), and the protein-inhibitor of the Non-Expresser of Pathogenesis Related Gene 1 (NPR1) NPR1-I / NIM1 protein, whose components play an antagonistic role in the induction of SA-mediated defense genes. In addition, the decrease in SA-signaling appears to be accentuated during post-flowering, since it was observed the down-regulation of PR1 repression and the up-regulation BSMT1 and jasmonic acid (AJ) metabolism genes, which are also negative regulators in accumulation of SA. These results together suggest that SA-mediated defense pathways are likely involved in the delayed symptoms at pre-flowering, but the induction of their negative regulators impairs the full and long-lasting activation.
- ItemUnobtrusive technique based on infrared thermal imaging for emotion analysis in children-with-ASD-robot interaction(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-19) Goulart, Christiane Mara; Caldeira, Eliete Maria de Oliveira; Bastos Filho, Teodiano Freire; Silva, Adriana Madeira Alvares da; Gouvêa, Sônia Alves; Andrade, Adriano de Oliveira; Adams, KimberleyEmotions are relevant for the social relationships, and individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have emotion understanding and expression impaired. This thesis consists of studies about emotion analysis in typically developing children and children with ASD (aged between 7 and 12 years), through infrared thermal imaging (IRTI), a safe and unobtrusive (contact-free) technique, used to record temperature variations in facial regions of interest (ROIs), such as forehead, nose, cheeks, chin, periorbital and perinasal regions. A social robot called N-MARIA (New-Mobile Autonomous Robot for Interaction with Autistics) was used as emotional stimulus and mediator for social and pedagogical tasks. The first study evaluated the facial thermal variations for five emotions (happiness, sadness, fear, disgust and surprise), triggered by affective audio-visual stimuli, in typically developing children. The second study evaluated the facial thermal variation for three emotions (happiness, surprise and fear), triggered by the social robot N-MARIA, in typically developing children. In the third study, two sessions were carried out with children with ASD, in which social and pedagogical tasks were evaluated having the robot NMARIA as tool and mediator of the interaction with the children. An emotional analysis through facial thermal variation was possible in the second session, in which the robot was the stimulus to trigger happiness, surprise or fear. Moreover, professionals (teachers, occupational therapist and psychologist) evaluated the usability of the social robot. In general, the results showed IRTI as an efficient technique to evaluate emotions through thermal variations. In the first study, predominant thermal decrements were observed in most ROIs, with the highest emissivity variations induced by disgust, happiness and surprise, and an accuracy greater than 85% for the classification of the five emotions. In the second study, the highest probabilities of emotions detected by the classification system were for surprise and happiness, and a significant temperature increase was predominant in the chin and nose. The third study performed with children with ASD found significant thermal increase in all ROIs and a classification with the highest probability for surprise. N-MARIA was a promising stimulus able to trigger positive emotions in children. The child-with-ASD-and-robot interaction was positive, with social skills and pedagogical tasks successfully performed by the children. In addition, the usability of the robot assessed by professionals achieved great score, indicating N-MARIA as a potential tool for therapies.