Mestrado em Energia
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início:
Conceito atual na CAPES:
Ato normativo:
Periodicidade de seleção:
Área(s) de concentração:
Url do curso:
Navegar
Navegando Mestrado em Energia por Autor "Andrade, George Ricardo Santana"
Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemAnálise do uso integrado de eletrofloculador contínuo e coluna filtrante quanto à eficiência de remoção de óleo emulsionado em água(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-08-26) Oliveira, Odilon Junio Gonçalves de; Porto, Paulo Sergio da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000264867813; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7140925853660088; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Andrade, George Ricardo Santana; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1419428893704446; Morais, Marcilio Machado; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Inadequate management of oily waste causes great environmental pollution in several ecosystems, mainly in aquatic pollution. Many of the conventional methods of separating contaminating oils are expensive and inefficient to remove. Increasingly, the industry needs waste treatment methods that allow the removal of higher percentages of contaminants from effluents. Through the use of a biosorbent, part of these problems can be overcome. Calotropis procera is a plant originally from India and commonly found in some regions of Brazil. Its fruit produces a fiber with oleophilic characteristics, in this way, a filtering column was assembled with the fiber of Calotropis procera as filling. This work aimed to study the efficiency of removing emulsified oil in water through the electroflocculation process associated with the use of this in natura vegetable fiber as a filter element to retain part of the contaminating oily residue. The synthetic effluent was exposed to the electroflocculation process, where aluminum plate electrodes were used as anode and cathode. In this study it was possible to observe that the fiber of Calotropis procera showed to be favorable to the biosorption of flocculated material and oily residue. During the experimental procedures, some of the variations in effluent characteristics were studied, reaching maximum TOG removal results at 97,34 ± 0.62 %, turbidity at 99,56 ± 0,19%, and COD at 93,86 ± 1,0%. In addition, the energy consumption during the treatment process was evaluated, which, adding the consumption by the reactor and the peristaltic pump, varied between 2,24 kWh.m³ at the lowest flow (2 mL.s-1 ) and 0,99 kWh.m³ at the highest flow rate (6 mL.s-1 ). Thus, it was possible to analyze the feasibility of associating the methods, and the use of the filter column with the vegetable fiber provided a lower energy consumption by enabling the treatment of a greater volume of effluent, reaching in the end an average reduction of 55,8 % in the electricity consumption, and 69,69% in the cost of operation when compared to the removal values of the post-reactor samples. The most adequate treatment condition was obtained with the application of Q = 6 mL.s-1 and Tinv = 20 s.
- ItemAvaliação da eficácia de um reator retangular, contínuo, com eletrodos em formato de chicanas no tratamento de efluentes oleosos por eletrocoagulação(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-10-29) Leite, Daniela Luz; Andrade, George Ricardo Santana; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1772-9477; Porto, Paulo Sérgio da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6486-7813; Faria, Rochkhudson Batista de; Pinto, Luiz Antônio de AlmeidaOily waters from various industrial sectors are effluents containing millions of liters of oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions, requiring prior treatment before disposal. Research on electrocoagulation (EC) to recover oily effluents has been highlighted. Electrolysis, a non-spontaneous reaction that releases metal into the medium, decomposes the synthetic emulsion, resulting in the formation of flakes in the medium. The flakes integrated with the gas bubbles culminate in the separation of the oil and the obtaining of the treated effluent. This research explored the rectangular geometry, applied to an EC reactor, in the search for an efficient and rapid recovery of emulsified oil in water. The influence of the volumetric flow rate and the polarity inversion time in this process were evaluated. The dependent variables include turbidity, pH, aluminum (Al) concentration, residual oil content and zeta potential. The rectangular reactor was equipped with Al electrodes arranged in the form of baffles, connected by a polarity inverter, operating in continuous mode. The best results were obtained using 2.58 mL/s in the inlet flow rate and 20 s of polarity inversion time, achieving 95.62% oil removal and 97.87% turbidity removal. The highest energy efficiency was obtained using 4 mL/s and 20 s of the parameters recently mentioned, obtaining 89.86% oil removal and 95.70% turbidity removal. The zeta potential analysis showed that the EC alters the stability of the emulsion. The pH remained within the legal requirements throughout all experiments. The wear of the plates was minimal, stipulating that their reuse can be implemented. Complementary tests indicated that the use of perforated electrodes increases the efficiency of contaminant removal, as well as indicating that the reuse of electrodes for twice the time reduced the aluminum concentration at the reactor outlet. Despite this, in all experiments the amount of aluminum obtained was higher than the current standard, indicating the need to add another step in this process, in order to retain Al3+ ions.
- ItemAvaliação da eletrocoagulação com eletrodo telado de alumínio para o tratamento de efluente oleoso sintético(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-12-18) Thomes, Marcelly da Conceição; Muniz, Eduardo Perini; https://orcid.org/0000000205004786; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8285018770645807; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7061-2656; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5655516995017088; Andrade, George Ricardo Santana; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1419428893704446; Freire, Flavio BentesThe generation of oily effluents represents an imminent challenge, influenced by population growth, industrial expansion, and increased global production. This problem results in the contamination of soil, water, and atmosphere, with adverse consequences for ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health. Electrocoagulation (EC) emerges as a promising solution, using electrochemical processes to precipitate solid metallic contaminants. This study is based on developing a new type of aluminum electrode, which is economically viable and easy to handle, aiming to improve effectiveness in the treatment of oily effluents. Experiments with synthetic oily effluent in a batch EC reactor (total volume: 4.5 liters) explored voltage variations (10, 15 and 20 volts) and polarity inversion times (10, 20, and 30 seconds). Parameters such as oil and grease content (TOG), turbidity, pH, temperature, mass loss of the electrodes used, electrical energy consumption, and aluminum content in the effluent after treatment were analyzed. Percentage removal in oil and grease content of up to 98±1% was obtained with screened electrodes. The percentage reduction in turbidity was also greater than 98% in most tests, as well as the pH, temperature, and aluminum content after treating the oily effluent, were within the parameters for effluent discharge. The results obtained in this study suggest that aluminum mesh screen electrodes can be an efficient and sustainable alternative for companies and industries that need to treat oily effluents.
- ItemCompósito de Luffa cylindrica e óxido de cobre para a dessalinização da água do mar(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-09-25) Flores Vasquez, Katherine Jisselle; Bacelos, Marcelo Silveira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0838-6839; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3741207242086712; Andrade, George Ricardo Santana ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1772-9477; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1419428893704446; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3589-5118; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8713161231510324; Meireles, Carla da Silva ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4450-5708; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9685470701740945; Barbosa, Cintya D' Angeles do Espirito Santo ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-8240; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1197509333716425The increasing demand for water requires more efficient, economical and sustainable desalination processes. Solar desalination is a promising solution, but its low energy efficiency limits large-scale production. Research indicates that the addition of photothermal absorbing materials (PTMs) can improve this technology. This study aims to develop PTMs by combining loofah (Luffa cylindrica) and Cu2O, to increase the efficiency of conventional solar desalination. Thus, the composites were prepared by adsorbing copper ions on loofah (in natura or after alkaline treatment) followed by a heat treatment at 220ºC. Characterization was performed using OM, XRD, UV-Vis, SEM, ZPC, and thermographic imaging techniques. The XRD results revealed the presence of peaks related to the graphitic phases and Cu2O with cubic structure. OM and SEM/EDS data showed that the loofah structure remained unchanged after heat treatment and that Cu2O particles were uniformly distributed on the surface of the loofah fibers. The composites presented high light absorption in the UV-vis region and, consequently, higher surface temperature after exposure to sunlight. Solar evaporation tests using the composite without alkaline treatment, chosen because it presented the highest surface temperature when exposed to direct solar radiation, resulted in conversion efficiencies between 76.9% and 98.6% for distilled water and 88.1% for seawater. These results indicate the direct influence of the amount and exposed surface of the composite on efficiency. In addition, a distiller with a glass body was designed and built, which, when incorporating the absorbing material, increased the average desalination efficiency by 94%. Physicochemical analyses of the water obtained, such as pH, chloride quantification and electrical conductivity, confirmed the desalination of seawater. The composite showed better conversion efficiency and a significant increase in the productivity of solar distillation than other similar materials in the literature. Therefore, this work innovates by developing a material with high potential for solar desalination, contributing to mitigate the effects of water scarcity
- ItemRemoção de óleo de emulsão sintética oleosa por fibras de Calotropis Procera(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-10-31) Coutinho, Lucas Prandi; Muniz, Eduardo Perini; https://orcid.org/0000000205004786; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8285018770645807; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2357-0637; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9856234842646957; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8397-8180; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9791817633014124; Andrade, George Ricardo Santana; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1772-9477; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1419428893704446The search for methods for the treatment of oil/water effluents and oil removing from aqueous media is essential given the risks associated with oil contamination, caused by spills, or originated from industrial activities. Therefore, in this work, the sorption capacities of Calotropis Procera (CP) fibers for pure and emulsified lubricating oil were evaluated. In addition, the characterization of these fibers was carried out via optical microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The characterization of the fibers showed the existence of functional groups and surface morphology associated with good oil sorbents. It was verified that the oil sorption capacity of the fibers is about 71 times or its own weight, that is, 71 g/g. For the removal of emulsified oil, a filtration system was proposed using CP fibers as a filtering element. In addition to the filtration system, the verification of the removal of emulsified oil through a stirring system was verified. The initial concentration of the synthetic oil emulsion used in this work was approximately 160 ppm. For the filtration system, the effect of different flow rates 88 mL/min, 130 mL/min and 172 mL/min and different fiber masses 0.025 g, 0.05 g, 0.1 g, 0.2 g and 0.3 g were studied, and the highest percentage of oil removal obtained were 67.1% for 0.2 g and 172 mL/min. In addition, a capacity to reuse the fibers for up to 3 desorption cycles was verified, maintaining a percentage of 53.7% of oil removal in the last cycle. For the stirring method, the effect of different stirring speeds 50 rpm and 140 rpm was studied, keeping the fiber mass fixed at 0.2 g, and the maximum percentage of oil removal obtained was 99.1% for 140 rpm. The obtained results demonstrated the excellent capacity of Calotropis Procera fibers to remove free and emulsified oil from water.