Desenvolvimento de metodologia de preparo de microemulsão de petróleo do tipo água em óleo por aplicação de ondas ultrassônicas
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Data
2016-08-08
Autores
Saidler, Luila Abib
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Due to the undesirable effects of emulsions in the oil industry, there is an effort in investigating the stability of water-oil emulsions (W/O) in order to developed strategies to destabilize the emulsions and separate the phases, and also evaluate other parameters that affect their formation. Because of this demand for information, the present study investigates the application of ultrasound (US) in the synthesis of stable W/O emulsion and the influence of process parameters, that is, sonication time, US amplitude, processed volume and volume fraction of the dispersed phase, in the properties of the emulsion, particularly in the emulsion droplet size and viscosity. Initially, to optimize the method, a 22 °API oil was used as continuous phase and saline water (60 g/L) as dispersed phase, with a volume fraction of 10 to 20%. 100 and 200 mL volume were prepared for different exposure times (1, 3 and 5 minutes) and US intensities (20, 30 and 40%), at a frequency of 24 kHz evaluating them based on the droplet size distribution (DSD) and dynamic viscosity. Finally, it was evaluated the effect on oil characteristics by applying the methodology to another sample of oil, 35.2 °API, within the same initial conditions. The study showed the ultrasound has the ability to form W/O stable emulsions with a polydisperse DSD. The increase in the exposure time increases the power dissipated in the system, forming smaller drops and more uniform DSD, tending to a normal distribution with volume average diameter (D0,5) equal to 0.1 micrometers. Smaller volumes and lower volume fractions, 100 ml and 10% of water, resulted in a greater absorption of acoustic energy, leading to the formation of finer emulsions. It follows that the ultrasound technique is a valid alternative in the W/O emulsion synthesis process and may help future studies of flow emulsions in oil production.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Emulsão O/A , Microemulsões
Citação
SAIDLER, Luila Abib. Desenvolvimento de metodologia de preparo de microemulsão de petróleo do tipo água em óleo por aplicação de ondas ultrassônicas. 2016. 97 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Energia) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, 2016.