Teoria da relatividade restrita : uma sequência didática para o ensino médio abordando os conceitos de aberração da luz, contração espacial de Lorentz, efeitos Doppler, Terrel e Penrose
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Data
2019-04-25
Autores
Souza, Daniel Santos de
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
This research had as objective to develop and analyze alternatives of approach of the Theory of Restricted Relativity as a content worked in the 1st year of High School, through interventions and constructive practices, focusing on the virtual visualization of some relativistic effects. It was motivated by the lack of didactic tools that enable subjects to acquire mastery and systematization of knowledge about the Theory of Restricted Relativity, especially the effects of Aberration of Light (Searchlight), Lorentz Spatial Contraction, Relativistic Doppler and Penrose-Terrell Rotation. Methodologically, it consisted in the application of a didactic sequence, during eight classes, using multimodal instruments (slides, animations, illustrations, photos, images and texts), that served as guides for the promotion of dialogues and consequent understanding of the theoretical aspects and visuals of the Theory of Restricted Relativity. The work was focused on the qualitative understanding of relativistic effects, emphasizing the display of images and videos through glasses of Virtual Reality, which were configured as a didactic resource to understand the effects. Simulators of virtual experiments, animations and GIFs were also used to illustrate situations related to daily life. It concluded, from the observation and analysis of the records of the classes, that the instruments used, especially the glasses of Virtual Reality, collaborated as motivators for the transmission of the concepts inherent in the Theory of Restricted Relativity, contributing to the reduction of distraction and promoting greater interaction among students, stimulating them to become protagonists. It also pointed out that teacher mediation, through the introduction of initial inquiries at the moments of discussion, was decisive so that the students did not remain mere spectators.
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Restricted relativity , Virtual reality , Physics - Teaching methodologies , Relatividade restrita , Realidade virtual , Física - Metodologias de ensino , Física moderna - Ensino