Genótipos de rotavírus do grupo A de crianças com diarréia aguda atendidas em dois hospitais do município de Vitória-ES, em período anterior à imunização para rotavírus
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Data
2007-09-17
Autores
Saick, Ketene Werneck
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are a major cause of acute diarrhea in children up to 5 years in both developing and developed countries. The virion consists of 11 double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome enclosed in a triple-shelled capsid, which migration pattern in polyacrilamide gel eletrophoresis (PAGE) permit the classification in groups (A-G) and in long, short and super-short profiles. The outer shell is composed by VP4 and VP7 proteins which genes form the basis of the classification system in P and G genotypes, respectively. The knowledge about RVA genotypes distribution is essential for the establishment and the monitoring of preventive strategies. Considering the lack of these studies in Espírito Santo State, this investigation proposed: i) to determine RVA genotypes obtained from children with acute diarrhea, resident in Metropolitan region of Vitória - ES, from the Emergency Room at Hospital Infantil Nossa Senhora da Glória (HINSG) (80/253), collected between February 2003 and June 2004 and; ii) to determine the frequency and RVA genotypes in children attended at Emergency (n=5) or hospitalized (n=63) from Pediatric Setor of CIAS/UNIMED hospital, between July 2004 and November 2006. dsRNA were extracted from fecal suspensions by guanidine-silica procedure. PAGE was performed in CIAS/UNIMED samples for rotaviruses detection and eletropherotype determination. Complementary DNA was obtained by reverse transcription with pdN6 TM random primer. PCR were done with a pair of consensus primers for VP4 (4con2/4con3) or VP7 (9con1/9con2) and the products were submitted to Multiplex semi-nested PCR with specific primers for the G and P types (G1-G5, G9, P[4], P[6], P[8], P[9]). RVA genotypes observed from HINSG were G1P[8] (83.6%), G9P[8] (7.5%), G1P[4] (2.5%), G1[6] (1.3%), G4P[6] (1.3%) and G?P[8] (3.8%). Among samples stools from CIAS/UNIMED, 20.6% (14/68) were RVA positive, four and ten with short and long eletropherotypes, respectively. The following genotypes were observed: G9P[8] (50%), G2P[4] (28.7%), G2P[8], G1P[8] and G?P[8] (7%, each). No mixed infection was observed in both hospitals. These data reveal: i) G1P[8] and G9P[8] were the most common genotypes from HISNG and CIAS/UNIMED, respectively; ii) G9P[8] was detected in the end of the samples obtainment, suggesting temporal fluctuation on genotype circulation; iii) G2P[4] was found only in 2006 from hospitalized children. The results suggest that RotarixTM vaccine used in Brazil may efficiently reduce the severity and the number of RVA cases in the region studied. However, it must be emphasize the emergence of G2 type for which the vaccine shows lower protection, reforcing the need of continuous surveillance of RVA genotypes as vaccine efficacy monitoring.
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Gastroenterite , Crianças , Rotavírus , Reação em cadeia de polimerase , Genotipagem
Citação
SAICK, Ketene Werneck. Genótipos de rotavírus do grupo A de crianças com diarréia aguda atendidas em dois hospitais do município de Vitória-ES, em período anterior à imunização para rotavírus. 2007. 124 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Doenças Infecciosas) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Doenças Infecciosas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, 2007.