Estudo das propriedades farmacológicas e bioquímicas da peçonha e do muco da pele do peixe-escorpião Scorpaena plumieri
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Data
2013-10-25
Autores
Lemos, Pedro Henrique
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The scorpionfish Scorpaena plumieri is one the most common venomous fish found along the Brazilian coast and is often involved in human accidents. Its venomous stings are covered by an integumentary sheath coated by a skin mucus layer, which may be carried along with the venom into the wound caused by the sting. This led us to suppose that the local and systemic manifestations induced by S. plumieri in accidents and experimental animals are combined effects of substances secreted by venom glands and epidermal cells. Therefore, the aim of this work was to continue the study S. plumieri venom (SpV) and initiate the physio-pharmacological and biochemical characterization of the skin mucus of this fish (SpSM), which has never been explored. In addition, a proteomic approach was employed to unravel and compare the complex composition of these two venoms. Both SpV and SpSM exhibit proteolytic activity upon gelatin and fibrinogen, albeit the hydrolysis was slow and non-specific. Hyaluronidase, cardiovascular, inflammatory and hemolytic activities were found only for SpV, evidencing the exclusive production of toxins (cytolysin and hyaluronidase) by the venom glands. The hemolysis seems to result from a direct action of venom constituents on erythrocytes membrane, since it lacks phospholipase A2 activity. Although devoid of hemolytic activity, SpSM was able to agglutinate rabbit erythrocytes (MHC 2.5mg/mL) suggesting the presence of carbohydrate-recognition proteins (lectins) in the mucus. Mass spectrometry analysis of the main fractions eluted from the two-dimensional liquid chromatography (gel filtration and reversed phase) revealed exclusive molecular species for SpV (533 = 36%) and SpSM (416 = 28%); 269 (18%) were found in both venoms. It was observed a predominance of mass lower than 10KDa in both SpV and SpSM (69% and 93%, respectively). The data here presented suggest that SpSM does not exhibit components capable to trigger relevant envenomation reactions. Nevertheless, together with SpV, it is a rich source of bioactive compounds, specially proteins and peptides
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Fish venom , Skin mucus , Biological activities , Proteomic analysis , Peçonha de peixe , Scorpaena plumieri , Muco da pele , Atividades biológicas , Análise proteômica