Aspectos ecoepidemiológicos e avaliação das ações de vigilância da Doença de Chagas no Espírito Santo
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Data
2025-05-21
Autores
Soares, Stefanie Barbosa Potkul
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Chagas disease, a chronic and potentially fatal infection caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. This study aims to identify ecological and epidemiological factors associated with the distribution of triatomines in the state of Espírito Santo (ES), with a view to improving entomological and epidemiological surveillance. To assess ecological aspects, ecological niche modeling was carried out for triatomine species in ES, recorded between 2004 and 2022. In addition, a risk map for vector transmission in the state was produced. To analyze the epidemiological situation of the state, a descriptive analysis of confirmed cases of Chagas disease was carried out. The data were collected through SINAN (Notifiable Diseases Information System) and SESA (State Health Department of Espirito Santo) between 2001 and 2023. An analysis of Chagas disease surveillance actions was also carried out by applying a questionnaire to managers, disease control agents, and community health agents in some municipalities in the state. Regarding modeling, the maps identified high suitability for most species in the Metropolitan and Southern regions of ES. The risk assessment highlighted significant risk areas corresponding to the locations of these cases, indicating that most regions of ES present a higher risk of the presence of P. megistus and Triatoma vitticeps. 65 cases of Chagas disease were recorded in Espírito Santo between 2001 and 2023. Of the total number of cases, 36.9% were autochthonous, 29.2% were imported, and 33.3% were considered undetermined as to the site of infection. Regarding the results of the questionnaires, it was observed that most health professionals have little knowledge about Chagas disease and did not carry out surveillance actions related to Chagas disease. Most managers stated that there was no work plan aimed at implementing surveillance actions against Chagas disease. These findings provide crucial information to improve regional epidemiological and entomological surveillance and inform targeted vector control strategies
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Doença de Chagas , Epidemiologia , Triatomíneos , Modelagem de nicho ecológico , Área de risco , Chagas disease , Epidemiology , Triatomines , Ecological niche modeling , Risk area