A influência da esperança na saúde mental de estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação
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Data
2023-11-23
Autores
Lima, Gustavo Manenti
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
In a society where reports of anxiety and depression among undergraduate and graduate students are increasing every day, the study of protective factors for mental health becomes even more crucial. Thus, Hope, a concept defined by Rick Snyder as a cognitive set focused on goal attainment, where motivation directed towards goals (agency) and planning to achieve these goals (pathways) continually interact, presents itself as a potential contributor to the maintenance of psychological well-being. Therefore, this dissertation aimed to investigate the impact of hope on anxiety and depression in undergraduate and graduate students, as well as to examine its association with well-being and psychological flexibility as predictors of good mental health. To this end, two separate studies were conducted. The first study was carried out through an integrative literature review. This systematic method of article search was adopted to map the scientific production in Psychology on the topic of Hope Theory worldwide, between the years 2006 to 2022. Searches were conducted in the databases Redalyc, PePSIC, SciElo, Scopus, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and PsycArticles, using the descriptors "Hope Theory" and "Teoria da Esperança." In total, 110 publications were selected. The results revealed over 20 themes addressed, with the influence of Hope in the educational context at various levels being the predominant theme, with 19 articles found. Regarding the production location, publications were found in various countries, suggesting global dissemination of this research topic, with the United States having the predominance with 60 publications, while Brazil presented only 2. Thus, considering the diverse presence of Hope Theory in academic literature, it remains in constant scientific development, despite having been introduced over 30 years ago. The second study adopted a quantitative method approach with online data collection, proposing the use of standardized instruments to investigate associations between hope and anxiety, depression, well-being, and psychological flexibility. The main results showed a positive association between hope and well-being variables, such as positive emotions, engagement, positive relationships, sense of purpose, achievement, physical health, and overall well-being. This study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors affecting the mental health of students and may inform future interventions and psychological support programs targeted at this specific group.
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Esperança , Ansiedade , Depressão , Bem-Estar , Flexibilidade psicológica