Mestrado em Engenharia Civil

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A influência da envoltória no consumo energético em edifícios comerciais artificialmente climatizados na cidade de Vitória-ES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-04-03) Bernabé, Ana Carolina Alves; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Gama, João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da; Fardin, Jussara Farias; Multfarth, Roberta Consentino Kronka
The deployment of cities have motivated the proposition of building more and more vertical in order to meet the demands for urban densification. Over time, the vertical development was linked to new technologies that initially came to give to the architect more projectual freedom. However, the possibility of reproducing models referenced in a modern and international style, led some professionals to neglect the close relation between architecture and the environment that it is inserted, leaving to artificial systems the role of ensuring thermal comfort for the users. However, the new energy scenario brought a reflection of the high demand for energy consumption in buildings, resulting in discussions, studies and development of a new reality, based on the concepts of energy efficiency. It is within this perspective that the research falls. The goal is to identify how and how much some strategies applicable to architectural envelope and inserted in the climate context of Vitória-ES, can influence the energy consumption of commercial buildings verticalized and artificially conditioned. The methodology proposed 108 models parameterized matching values for five investigated variables, they are: orientation, window wall ratio, solar factor, the existence of sun protection and absorptance of the opaque surface. These buildings were modeled after a reference building, so all other variables were controlled. As output data for the simulations we have established the final energy consumption. The analysis of these results was established in two ways. The first included the classification of the models that have achieved the level of efficiency through the procedure established by RTQ-C. The second involves the analysis of general and individual influence of each variable, and the potential for increase and reduction of energy expenditure of each one. As a result, it was found that changing the variables investigated led to a reduction of up to 27.88% in final consumption for the proposed model. The investigative tests suggest an even greater potential savings face to the most appropriate use of louvers and indicate the importance of lighting control in some cases.
A INFLUÊNCIA DOS SUBSISTEMAS DE VEDAÇÃO VERTICAL NO DESEMPENHO ENERGÉTICO DO EDIFÍCIO
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-03-04) Costalonga, Filipe Galina; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida Nico; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2506902397204906; Vieira, Geilma Lima; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5783172236615493
The world is becoming increasingly urbanized. In these circumstances, reducing the consumption of energy from buildings is an extremely important aspect for the sustainable development of the new buildings that will be built to supply the accelerated urba
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA ENTRE INDICADORES DE SUSTENTABILIDADE E O MARCO LEGAL DA HABITAÇÃO SOCIAL NO BRASIL
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-04-03) Roccon, Carolina Simoes; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Vieira, Geilma Lima; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5783172236615493; Lopes, Luis Manuel Bragança de Miranda e; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Increasing urbanization highlights the challenges for sustainable urban development. In Brazil, 86% of the population lives in urban areas, WHERE most of the country's housing deficit is concentrated. Throughout the years, several strategies have been dev
Análise do adensamento urbano no comportamento microclimático em Vitória (ES): aplicações no modelo ENVI-met
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-10-09) Leal, Laiz Reis; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Vieira, Geilma Lima; Assis, Eleonora Sad de
The pursuit for urban environment adaptation to climate change is indicated one of the greatest challenges of this century, and the cities appear both as potential originators of the climate change as well as targets of such consequences. Therefore, the processes of urban planning are essentials, aiming to mitigate the climate change and the adaptations of cities for future events. Thus, predictive studies are required to support the decision-making, observing those highlighted and referred to computational simulations. Predictions alert that extreme events will occur in more frequency and intensity, and among them are included heat waves, in which high temperatures interfere negatively in the quality of life, and even more, increasing risks to the human health. The urban configurations that act already to modify the original environmental conditions, related to the influences of the climate changes, can have effects potentialized, interfering directly in the energy balance of the urban environment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the implications of urban density in the thermal behavior at the pedestrian level toward to the potential global warming scenario in Vitória (ES). The methodology is composed by field survey, microclimatic measurements, modeling and simulations of the measured scenarios using the program ENVI_MET 4.3, considering evaluations of its accuracy. The main simulations included four different morphological scenarios, in which the parameters of densification and verticalization were changed. As result, it was identified that the scenario of greatest verticalization presented the lowest values for both Ta and TRM, reaching a difference up to 1°C for Ta at 15h, and up to 27°C for TRM at 9h, both linked to the standard scenario according to the current condition. This contrast was nearly related to the direct incidence of the radiation. Therefore, the scenarios more shaded by buildings indicated lower temperatures at the street level. However, the same scenarios, due to the fact that they were denser, and thus composed of a greater quantity of construction materials, had their cooling hindered toward the energy balance process, apart from having influenced the wind distribution and velocity, outlining a decrease of these values in most of the analyzed area.
ANÁLISE NUMÉRICA DA PROPAGAÇÃO DE INCÊNDIO ENTRE EDIFICAÇÕES CONFRONTES
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-08-18) Guimaraes, Sane Alves; Azevedo, Macksuel Soares de; https://orcid.org/0000000330113420; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6726295161401220; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; Braga, George Cajaty Barbosa; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
abstract
ANÁLISE NUMÉRICA DE INCÊNDIO EM AMBIENTE COMPARTIMENTADO HORIZONTALMENTE
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-06-07) Pereira, Fabio Mauricio Rodrigues; Azevedo, Macksuel Soares de; https://orcid.org/0000000330113420; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6726295161401220; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; Braga, George Cajaty Barbosa; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
abstract
Avaliação da adequação de sistemas construtivos em madeira na produção de edificações em ilhas oceânicas: estudos de caso no Atol das Rocas e nos Arquipélagos de Fernando de Noronha e de São Pedro e São Paulo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-05-25) Woelffel, Anderson Buss; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Gama, João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da; Yuba, Andrea Naguissa
Since ancient times, wood has been widely used by civilizations as a building and decorative material. Currently, when the concern about the preservation of resources of the planet is being more and more debated in several forums, the use of wood - mainly as a building material from renewable and reusable source of low power consumption and high efficiency – has become an issue and has been justified before the challenges imposed by the ideals of sustainable development. Due to the necessity of occupying the oceanic islands motivated by scientific, economic or strategic interests and the consequent need for building support to enable human life in these places, this work is aimed at studying the suitability of wood construction systems employed in those buildings in terms of logistics, environment, safety, comfort and durability, considering especially the fragility of the islands. Methodologically, this research is divided into three steps: recognition (literature and documents), development (data collection using the Post-Occupancy Evaluation Methodology and in situ measurements), and a conclusion (data assessment and publication of results). The studies were performed in Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, St. Peter and St. Paul Archipelago, and Rocas Atoll Marine Biological Reservation. According to the results of this study, it was concluded that wood has satisfactory characteristics for the sites mentioned above, particularly for enabling pre-fabrication, which allows pre-assembling for testing still on shore and subsequent assembling in situ, as well as relocating it with minimal damage to pieces, if necessary. It was also considered the resistance to local conditions and the need for low maintenance, which reinforced the conclusions of this research. It is noteworthy the high resistance/density ratio compared to other materials, favoring the transportation and sizing of pieces, and that the wood is an environmentally friendly material, a good thermal insulator and pleasant feeling to the touch allowing further a building with optimal harmonic relationship with the local landscape, safety and minimal environmental impact.
Avaliação da influência do dispositivo prateleira de luz no conforto visual em edificação comercial com entorno obstruído
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-09-04) Maioli, Ricardo Nacari; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Vieira, Geilma Lima; Porto, Maria Maia; Laranja, Andréa Coelho
The use of daylight in the interior of buildings is fundamental when considering visual comfort and energy efficiency. However, the high brightness of the tropical sky in the work environment can provide to the user visual discomfort, heat, or both, caused by the intense brightness of the openings and the inner surfaces and the burden of excessive heat. The most common type of buildings observed in the country does not provide solutions to these problems, since its interior lighting is done via windows which provide a non-uniform lighting environment. In the tropics, the sun protection elements present themselves as good solutions to reduce the incidence of direct solar radiation in the openings and redirects light devices assist in a more uniform distribution in the environment. An architectural element that fulfills both functions is the lightshelf. Because urban centers continue to expand vertically, it is becoming more and more difficult to gain access to natural light, particularly on the first floor. Research aims to find a solution to the problem by trying to investigate the influence of light shelves on the use of natural light under conditions where surroundings are obstructed. Due to the large spatial extent of Brazil - which results in significant variations in the brightness of the region - the cutting of the object considered the performance of two types of glass combined with two geometries shelf light or its absence, in six different Brazilian latitudes and four different orientations for a given type of office building. The percentage of useful luminosity in environments during the year and the levels of luminance from the openings with the aid of software Daysim were investigated. The analyzed results show that the adoption of this device was effective in all directions, under conditions with surrounding obstruction, aiding in the reduction of glare on the internal surfaces and allowed standardization of natural light, providing greater visual comfort to the user.
Avaliação de desempenho e conforto térmico nos Módulos Antárticos Emergenciais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-08-29) Martins, Wagner Gomes; Nico-Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Gama, João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da; Zandonade, Eliana
The Emergency Antarctic Modules – MAE have been serving to the continuity of the activities undertaken at the Keller Peninsula in Antarctica since 2013, after the fire that destroyed the main part of the Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station in 2012. Taking into account that MAE are located at a protected and extreme area, the aim of the presented work was to evaluate their performance, with an emphasis on the thermal comfort, considering the well-being of the users, the local climate conditions and the necessity of heating, which is carried out from the burning of fossil fuel. Following the procedures related to the Post- Occupancy Evaluation methodology, through the application of questionnaires and conducting temperature and humidity measurements, with the treatment of the collected data and analysis of results, problems concerning the air tightness, the distribution of the temperature in the rooms, and behavior in use were identified. Among the main results, it was found that there was no correlation between the external temperature and the internal one, being possible to infer that the envelope keeps the indoor thermal environment well isolated, despite the sealing problems, and/or that the heating system is capable of compensating the differences of temperature. It is possible that the observed temperature drifts have been caused by opening doors, especially in the summer period, when there are more users in the MAE. The results obtained by calculating the PMV, which represents the predicted mean vote of thermal sensation for a group of users in a building, along with the surveys, showed that the occurrence of cold thermal sensation gets worse with the use of garments with low coefficient of insulation. Making some adjustments in the building – for example, in the sealing, with an eventual substitution of material – it would probably be possible to achieve a high performance in the MAE and, in the same way, the comfort obtained would be even higher with some adjustments in the behavior in use – for example, using garments with greater isolation.
Avaliação de desempenho térmico da Estação Científica da Ilha da Trindade (ECIT)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-05-30) Donadello, André Luiz Franzotti; Nico-Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Gama, João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da; Souza, Roberta Vieira Gonçalves de
Whereas the understanding that comfort is basic to the realization of all prerequisite and any built space and the challenge of re-thinking the architecture as a tool capable of planning the built environment respecting regional and cultural particularities, this research aimed to investigation the thermal performance of the Trindade Island Scientific Station (ECIT) with natural ventilation as the main condition for generating passive thermal comfort. Based on an adaptive thermal comfort approach was adopted a methodology based on four distinct steps investigation the thermal performance. The first step was based on a literature survey, seeking, and a better understanding on the subject of comfort, the choice of the best procedure for evaluating the performance of the built environment on this aspect. The second step consisted of the characterization of the object of study, observation of its use pattern, its constructive system and the characteristics of the surroundings. Then we proceeded to conduct field measurements and computer simulations to evaluate its thermal performance. Finally, simulations were performed considering a proposed local intervention seeking performance improvements found for playback of construction technique in difficult to access locations. Based on this study, it can be stated that the ECIT showed good thermal performance for naturally ventilated rooms, but it has been found that rooms with poor thermal performance were those with the smallest aperture areas and worst natural ventilation. It was verified that after the intervention a significant reduction of the intensity of thermal discomfort to the analyzed environment was detected. It is understood that the diagnosis made on ECIT contribute to enhance future planning decisions and to detect thermal comfort issues that affect directly the performance of the building. Thus, the search for the understanding that thermal comfort should be constant in relation to the built environment, it is understood that the analysis can facilitate the insertion of effective strategies for improvement of the construction technique used in ECIT and to confirm the potential use of natural ventilation for comfort.
Avaliação do ciclo de vida energético e desempenho da envoltória mediante ações de Retrofit em edificação pública escolar
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-01) Madeira, Juliana Grillo da Silva; Gama, João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Nico-Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida
The Architecture, Engineering and Construction communities have been motivated to manage the building resources more efficiently. The call for sustainability, the question of scarce resources, the useful life of buildings, the need to reduce operating costs, stricter laws, and a certain tendency to reuse and recycle components, are responsible for such a position. As many of the impacts caused by the construction industry come from the energy consumption of the buildings and the phase of their operation represents the longest period and also the highest energy consumption in its life cycle, the Energy Life Cycle Assessment (ACVE) is essential to demonstrate and quantify such impacts. At the same time, retrofit processes have potential applications in existing buildings, since they reduce the impacts caused by the construction of new buildings, and can increase operational and energy efficiency through the incorporation of new technologies and concepts. The objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of the envelopment and energetic life cycle of public school buildings, through retrofit actions. For the demonstration of results, a standard CMEI of the Municipality of Vitória - ES was selected as the model. In order to analyze the performance of the envelope, the method used was the computational simulation, using the EnergyPlus software. For ACVE, the incorporated and operational energy and CO2 emissions were considered at each stage, comparing the current situation of the building and the proposed retrofit actions. Among the most effective measures are the ventilated façade and the replacement of the roof covering, both for envelopment performance and for the energetic life cycle of the building. It is hoped to help decision-makers by the agents involved in the process, as to the feasibility of adopting materials and construction systems aimed at reducing the energy consumption and environmental impact of public building.
Cenários climáticos futuros: diagnóstico prospectivo do desempenho termoenergético de edifícios comerciais no Brasil para o século XXI
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-07-19) Casagrande, Bruna Gomes; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Simões, Jefferson Cardia; Vargas, Paulo Sergio de Paula; Pezzopane, José Eduardo Macedo
At the same time that programs were developed in Brazil with the goal of the national energy system rationalization, mainly motivated by the crisis faced by the country as in the rationing of 2001 studies of the climate s behavior on a global scale showed significant advances, facilitated by technological and computational development. One of the strategies for containment the waste energy produced is the energy consumption by buildings, since the adoption of appropriate constructive systems can reduce the final electricity consumption. This was a principle of bioclimatic architecture, which recommends an adaptation of the building to the local climate conditions, and for that, it is essential to understand the climate system. Therefore, the principle that guided the development of this research was the variable behavior of the climate, which is consensus for most climatologists, and its consequences for the future energy demands of buildings, particularly along the planned life cycle for each building. The main objective of this study was to investigate the impact of projected changes to the climate over the twenty-first century in the thermo energetic performance of commercial buildings artificially acclimatized located in different cities of Brazil. The methodological procedures were divided into four stages, initiating with an extensive literature review on the central theme climate change as well as related topics, with special emphasis on the relationship between thermal comfort and energy issue. In the second step mechanisms for preparing future climate files were established, including the selection of cities for representation of different geo-climatic conditions of the Brazilian territory. After that the definition of the object was performed, indicating the control parameters and variables in the analysis, assigning the characteristics of the building that will not be affected by future interventions window wall ratio, solar shading and orientation of the largest facades. The final step was dedicated to the simulations, performed in the program DesignBuilder from the configuration of the 192 parametric models. The results of applying the methodology, analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, reproduced in generalized way an increase in energy consumption in buildings by 10.7% in 2020, 16.9% in 2050 and 25.6% in 2080, compared to current consumption. Although the significance of this increase, including the national energy planning, most significant increases were recorded in international studies, reinforcing the need for consideration of regional climate events in the preparation of future climate data in this type of research. In Recife, the variation of constructive parameters did not cause as significant differences in the rates of increase in consumption as the other five locations, and Brasilia had the highest rates of increase. Considering the buildings of all the cities, the presence of solar shading was the variable with the greatest impact on reducing energy consumption, and the building oriented east and west, with large unprotected openings, showed energy consumption significantly superior to other models, in all cities and periods. Finally, unlike most of monthly results observed, in Porto Alegre occurred a decrease in energy consumption in some months of 2020 and 2050, possibly caused by the reduction in time use of artificial air conditioning heating.
COLETA SELETIVA EM CONDOMÍNIOS RESIDENCIAIS VERTICALIZADOS: BENEFÍCIOS AO MEIO AMBIENTE
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-07-16) Vizeu, Carolina Castilho; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Teles, Claudia Rodrigues; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Vieira, Geilma Lima; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5783172236615493
abstract
Engenharia simultânea: planejamento e controle integrado do processo de produção/projeto na construção civil
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-04-10) Pedrini, Manuela Kautscher; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Ferreira, Claudio Lima; Gama, João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da; Alvarenga, Augusto
The term Concurrent Engineering (CE) designates several concepts with the purpose of optimizing the time spent in the production of manufactured goods. Although this term has not been incorporated in the construction industry, studies about the management of building projects incorporate many of its ideas. The goal of my work is to discuss the application of CE within Civil Engineering, more specifically to study its suitability in the projects of the construction of buildings and to propose a framework to apply CE’s concepts in the design phase of the project. The motivation of my research derives from the current scenario of the construction industry in Brazil, in which construction companies have been searching for technological innovations in the process of developing new products. I used two case studies to assess the current state of the design process. Questionnaires and technical summaries served to identify the phases more likely to be optimized by CE, and to pinpoint the difficulties in applying CE. Results indicate that there is space to improve the new product development process, and that the adoption of CE is an alternative to provide such improvements.
Indicadores de sustentabilidade para edificações na Antártica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-11-10) Montarroyos, Dielly Christine Guedes; Lopes, Luís Manuel Bragança de Miranda e; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Gama, João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da; Dalvi, Marcia Bissoli
The indicators of sustainability are variables that summarise relevant information in order to identify the level of building sustainability in the urban environment. Most of the available and recognized assessment tools adopt indicators related to urbanized reality where buildings are located. The remote areas of environmental interest – e.g. Antarctica – have different peculiarities when compared to traditional urban environments. The Antarctic presents one of the worst conditions of habitability on the planet. The rigorous environmental conditions and peculiarities affect, or even difficult the construction process, especially when it aims to construct buildings based on sustainable principles. Thus, sustainability indicators traditionally used in densified urban areas do not apply in Antarctica, warning of the need of develop specific indicators. So, this research has aimed to propose procedures for the definition of sustainable indicators compatible with the peculiarity of Antarctic constructions, considering specially its characteristic of environmental fragility. The method consisted in: the survey of Antarctic conditions and study of environmental assessment tools for buildings; preparation of lists of indicators List 1 (from the analitical framework SPR) and List 2 (indicators from the assessment tools); grouping of lists; evaluation by Antactica researchers and; analysis of results; achieving the final set of indicators. The result of the analyses obtained 91 indicators and pointed out the relevance of the indicators of environmental sustainability aspects, with emphasis on challenging themes such as logistics, material selection, environmental impacts, generation of waste and user comfort.
INFLUÊNCIA DA TINTA NAS FACHADAS PARA O MICROCLIMA URBANO
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-08-07) Guidi, Ingrid Scaramussa Colombi; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; https://orcid.org/0000000238988515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5240388600131197; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida Nico; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2506902397204906; Vieira, Geilma Lima; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5783172236615493
abstract
Influência da ventilação natural na sensação térmica do usuário em ambiente educacional
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-03-26) Almeida, Patryck Machado de; Nico-Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Vieira, Geilma Lima; Pagel, Erica Coelho
The increase in energy consumption is a theme that has aroused a wide concern of many researchers and authorities in almost all the world, and one of the factors that influence this consumption is the increasing in the use of artificial acclimatization systems, mainly air conditioners. Thus, the search for buildings that demand less energy has become increasingly common in the last years. Therefore, the use of natural ventilation stands out as an important strategy to promote thermal comfort and indoor air quality, with minimal or no energy consumption at all. The research evaluated the hygrothermal conditions and the air movement acceptability as a comfort strategy in a naturally ventilated educational environment in the city of Vitória / ES, which climate is classified as tropical hot and humid. It also verified the influence of the ventilation on the comfort of the users and the impact of prior exposure of users to conditioned environments in their thermal preference. For this, measurements of the internal environmental variables (air temperature, globe temperature, relative air humidity and air velocity) were carried out while the occupants answered the questionnaire regarding thermal sensations and air velocity. In this way, the associations between the values of the environmental variables and the sensations reported by the occupants were obtained. The results are presented in the form of tables and graphs by relating the internal microclimatic variables with the occupants' responses. The results demonstrated that the highest values of thermal neutrality were concentrated with the operating temperature between 26 °C and 28 °C. The occupants, for the most part, accepted air velocities above 1m/s, mainly from 26ºC, and these were fundamental in reducing thermal discomfort by heat. There were differences between the thermal preference of occupants with and without the routine exposure to air conditioned environments. Regarding the type of acclimatization in the environment studied, 53.6% of users answered that they prefer natural ventilation, while 26.8% prefer natural ventilation and fans and 19.6% opted for air conditioning.
Interoperabilidade BIM e BEM: avaliação de eficiência do sistema na análise energética de edifícios
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-06-29) Pretti, Argeu Leonidas Maioli; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Gama, João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da; Nico-Rodrigues, Edna Aparecida; Santos, Cynthia Marconsini Loureiro
The growing energy demand imposes a paradigm shift with regard to issues of generating sources and the means to make their use more sustainable. The construction industry plays an important role, considering that the energy consumption of the sector is very significant throughout the life cycle of a building, however, a series of tools have arisen with the purpose of making the Architecture, Engineering and Construction - AEC more efficient and with less environmental impact, being Building Information Modeling (BIM) and the Building Energy Modeling (BEM) programs that are part of this group. The research seeks to evaluate the interoperability performance between the BIM and BEM tools after the sharing of the Reference and Adjusted models, and their parameters calculated by the RTQ-C Prescriptive Method. The models created from the standard building had their wrappers detailed in the BIM Autodesk® Revit® tool and shared with the BEM tools - Green Building Studio; EnergyPlus; eQUEST; DesignBuilder; IES-VE; OpenStudio and Insight through the two standard formats of interoperability, IFC and gbXML, and the derivatives of gbXML - IDF and INP. Three tools did not perform simulations after interoperability, either importing gbXML and IFC files or loading the IDF and INP files. Among the tools that performed the simulations, only EnergyPlus presented coherent and consistent results after loading the IDB files derived from gbXML from the Green Building Studio tool and the Insight plugin.
Medidas de retrofit em edifícios típicos existentes de um bairro: desempenho e avaliação do ciclo de vida energético
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-05-28) Sartori, Thais Gonçalves; Gama, João Luiz Calmon Nogueira da; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Dalvi, Márcia Bissoli
Many of the environmental impacts from architecture, engineering and construction industry are related to energy consumption, whether from fossil fuels burning or from renewable sources. Buildings consume a significant percentage of the total electric energy generated in Brazil, especially the residential sector. One of the ways to reduce building’s environmental impacts is to increase their energy efficiency, either by adopting more efficient equipment or by improving comfort conditions, implementing techniques and materials more compatible with climate circumstances. One of the goals of retrofit is to increase energy operational and efficiency of existing building. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the influence of retrofit measures on typical dwellings from a neighborhood, both in the envelope performance according to Brazilian Program for Building Labeling and in buildings energy life cycle. Five existing residential buildings typical of Jardim Camburi, a neighborhood located in Vitória, Espírito Santo, were used as the case study. For the envelope performance, the simulation method was used, through EnergyPlus software. The Life Cycle Energy Assessment (LCEA) of the buildings was divided into Embodied Energy and Operational Energy (OE), where the CO2 emissions resulting from this consumption were calculated in addition to the energy consumption. The average carbon emission per unit of energy is 44 Kg CO2/GJ, which is higher in the building that uses gas for water heating. Regarding envelope performance, the most effective measures are those that modify the opaque vertical surfaces, such as absorptance reduction and implementation of ventilated façade. These measures were also the most effective on building’s energy life cycle, with amortization period similar to the average found in similar scientific researches. The green roof proved to be inefficient from the perspective of life cycle energy consumption since it demands more periodic maintenance.
Metodologia de avaliação lumínica: estudo de caso Estação Antártica Comandante Ferraz
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-03-28) Marins, Daniela Pawelski Amaro; Alvarez, Cristina Engel de; Vieira, Geilma Lima; Laranja, Andréa Coelho; Moreno, María Beatriz Piderit
The light defines what is seen, and this phenomenon involves the illuminated object, light source and who observes it. In architecture, a light helps in the perception of formal, conceptual aspects and actively participates in the result, mainly in terms of comfort. Specifically, in respect to user and light, there are intrinsic the physiological and psychological issues leading to understanding between the threshold of comfort and human discomfort. The proposed light indexes and the existing methods measure normal conditions of use and location, that is, they do not usually consider an exceptional condition. In special situations, a small amount of light from an environment can be judged inadequate under standards established by regulation; however, a lack of light, that minimum amount of illuminance, can offer a positive effect. This research had as general objective to develop a methodology for evaluation of condition for visual comfort for the specific Antarctic environment, having as case study the Antarctic Brazilian Station Comandante Ferraz. The result is a new assessment range, developed from the UDI, and the final method presents the luminous performance of the space, through the buoyancy diagram, measured in two ways: with a static analysis, hourly, and a dynamic view analysis, with periods marked, concomitantly. The visualization of the data compiled in the diagrams allows the evaluation of the environment and works as a tool to the light designer.

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