CCHN - Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais
URI Permanente desta comunidade
Navegar
Navegando CCHN - Centro de Ciências Humanas e Naturais por Data de Publicação
Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 2051
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemA utilização da violência na atividade policial: da insanidade coletiva à loucura solitária(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 1998-07-28) Cavassani, Sonia Maria Correa; Souza, Lídio de; Bretas, Marcos Luiz; Menandro, Paulo Rogério MeiraThe literature about the police activities have emphasized a complex relationship between society and the police, detaching a historically working discriminatory and regulated by violent method, indicating direct involvement of the police activities to the interests of the domination class. In this context is unusual if it analyzes the conception of the police themselves. This work had the purpose to identify, through collected information together with the civil police, conceptions about the utilization of violent methods, the police functions, discriminatory working, the reasons for the ingress and the remaining in the institution, as well conceptions about the causes of the police getting sick and the relationship with other cops that have been already sick. The sample, was organized by 60 agents and investigators from the police department both male and female, classified into two groups: Gl: 30 people with medicai license, originated from mind’s disturbing, and Gll: 30 people without medicai license. The data were collected by organized questionary from highlighting the topics already mentioned. It was found significant difference statistically between the two groups of people considering most of the subject that had been approached. The results show a scission accentuated among cops followers and against of utilization of violence and consequently organization of reciprocai out-groups building a complex game of relations inter-groups ruled by the exclusion. The process for becoming sick, lived by some cops reflect with high rank of fidelity of the stress originated not only form the kind of work done, but mainly the opposition of conceptions about what must be the police institution and their method of work.
- Item"Menina não entra": um estudo da segregação sexual na interação ludica de crianças de 8 e 9 anos(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2000-11-24) Souza, Fabrício de; Rodrigues, Maria Margarida Pereira
- ItemEstudantes de medicina e suas atitudes em relação à AIDS(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2001-05-28) Frauches, Diana de Oliveira; Rodrigues, Maria Margarida Pereira; Enumo, Sônia Regina Fiorim; Leal, Eroltildes MariaThe attitudes of professional health workers towards AIDS may cause deviations in technical behavior and evaluating students' attitudes while they are still in graduate schools may allow eventual actions before practice starts, thus avoiding the establishment of negative attitudes. Based on the fact that attitudes knowledge, affection and evaluation have their origins in social life and are largely shared, and considering that the attitudes towards AIDS may be related to professional training, in addition to existing controversies about the influence of gender, a probabilistic sample of 176 medical students, arranged according to sex and insertion in the course, was selected from the first and last college years, belonging to both two medical schools located in Espirito Santo, Brazil. The Scale of Attitudes towards AIDS (AAS), developed by Shrum, Turner and Bruce, was adapted and applied to the studied population distributed in groups according to school and insertion in the course. The results were analyzed using statistics non-parametric tests. The freshmen attitudes from both medical schools were similar. In one of the schools, the tolerance increased among the last year students in comparison with the first year students, while it decreased in the other school, with growth of the variegation of the scores. The "religion" and "knowing HIV/AIDS people" variables, that were considered too, didn't produce significant differences. Also there were not significant differences between gender in the first year group. It is discussed the adjustment of AAS to be used in our environment. The proposal of further studies to know the pedagogical projects and culture of the schools were this research took place is considered, as well as the role of gender in the students' attitudes towards AIDS.
- ItemAdolescentes com diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 :seu cotidiano e enfrentamento da doença(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2001-08-23) Santos, Jocimara Ribeiro dos; Enumo, Sônia Regina Fiorim; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira; Günther, Isolda de AraújoThe adolescence period has been studied under different approaches, and there are divergences about its universality. It is known, however that the physical transformations of puberty also cause psychosocial changes. This redefinition of roles, thoughts and attitudes can be quite influenced by the existence of a chronic disease as Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, which has the incidence of 1 or 2 in each hundred adolescents. They may have their daily routine altered. With the aim to describe and analyze how Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 affect adolescents’ coping and organize their daily routines, a comparison was made between adolescents with and without the disease. This research was undertaken with 15 adolescents (6 male and 9 female, with their age ranging from 12 to 20 years) enrolled in the Vitória’s public health Diabetes Mellitus Bearers Attendance Programs. The subjects were submitted to the collective and individual application of Daily Activities Map (DAM), (Menandro, Menandro & Oliveira, 1999) and to a closed/open individual interview, about coping. The DAM was applied collectively to 224 young adolescents without disease (122 girls and 102 boys, their age ranging from 12 to 20 years), students from Medium and Fundamental levels, from public schools in greater Vitória/ ES, for a comparative comparison. The data obtained from DAM were analysed through quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed, intending a differentiated evaluation of the author’s proposal; the interviews were content analysis. The data revealed that activities more accomplished by the adolescents were: activities directed to themselves, activities inside their home, pleasant ones, social ones, and that it involved action and control to alcohol consume. The activities more accomplished inside the house were: attending television programs and listening to some music. Despite the joet that Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 affected adolescents, pointing some difficulties in relation to the disease, they didn’t have their routine modified because of the disease. The results indicated that the adolescents with diabetes do not differentiate, in a significant way, from those without the disease.
- ItemAs expectativas do ter e o fracasso do ser: representações sociais de adolescência e suicídio entre adolescentes(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2002-08-13) Silva, Priscilla de Oliveira Martins; Almeida, Ângela Maria de Oliveira; Trindade, Zeide Araujo; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira; Queiroz, Sávio Silveira deThe present work aims to discuss a phenomenon which has been occured often among the adolescent population: the suicide. In the scientific literature there are a few studies that understands that phenomenon in a psychossociological approach, the majority of the studies are focused on the sociological, psychological and psychiatrically approaches. Based on the Theory of Social Representation we analyze the meaning of adolescence and suicide among adolescents and verify the possible relations between these two themes. 360 adolescents of 14 to 23 years old participated in this research; 180 (90 female and 90 male) that live in a urban area and that study in a private school which is located in a neighborhood considered of a high-middle class and high class, and 180 (90 female and 90 male) that live in a rural area and that study in a agrotecnical public school. The results pointed out that the way each group represent the suicide depends on the way they live their adolescence. To the urban area group the social representation of adolescence is configured in two main themes: -party on? and support. The first one means the peer socialization and the second one the parental support. The main concern to this group is being alone. Therefore, the risk factors related to suicide are family problems such as: parental divorce, maltreatment, parental neglect, among others; and problems in relating with others, that can be related to self steam, psychiatric syndromes, among others. The rural area group represents adolescence as a quick transition to adulthood, thus, they are concerned with professional market reality, and not only with loneliness. Therefore the risk factors to these adolescents are the mentioned to the group that live in a urban area and social problems such as: unemployment, low wages, financial difficulties, among others. From the results we conclude that, to have a good adolescent health treatment is indispensable knowing better the adolescents‘ fears, life projects, beliefs, social context in order to provide a effective group of action on that way.
- ItemAs expectativas do ter e o fracasso do ser: representações sociais de adolescência e suicídio entre adolescentes(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2002-08-13) Martins, Priscilla de Oliveira; Almeida, Ângela Maria de Oliveira; Trindade, Zeidi Araújo; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira; Queiroz, Sávio Silveira deThe present work aims to discuss a phenomenon which has been occured often among the adolescent population: the suicide. In the scientific literature there are a few studies that understands that phenomenon in a psychossociological approach, the majority of the studies are focused on the sociological, psychological and psychiatrically approaches. Based on the Theory of Social Representation we analyze the meaning of adolescence and suicide among adolescents and verify the possible relations between these two themes. 360 adolescents of 14 to 23 years old participated in this research; 180 (90 female and 90 male) that live in a urban area and that study in a private school which is located in a neighborhood considered of a high-middle class and high class, and 180 (90 female and 90 male) that live in a rural area and that study in a agrotecnical public school. The results pointed out that the way each group represent the suicide depends on the way they live their adolescence. To the urban area group the social representation of adolescence is configured in two main themes: -party on? and support. The first one means the peer socialization and the second one the parental support. The main concern to this group is being alone. Therefore, the risk factors related to suicide are family problems such as: parental divorce, maltreatment, parental neglect, among others; and problems in relating with others, that can be related to self steam, psychiatric syndromes, among others. The rural area group represents adolescence as a quick transition to adulthood, thus, they are concerned with professional market reality, and not only with loneliness. Therefore the risk factors to these adolescents are the mentioned to the group that live in a urban area and social problems such as: unemployment, low wages, financial difficulties, among others. From the results we conclude that, to have a good adolescent health treatment is indispensable knowing better the adolescents fears, life projects, beliefs, social context in order to provide a effective group of action on that way
- ItemCriatividade em crianças com dificuldade de aprendizagem: avaliação e intervenção através de procedimentos tradicional e assistido(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-03-05) Dias, Tatiane Lebre; Enumo, Sônia Regina Fiorim; Linhares, Maria Beatriz Martins; Primi, Ricardo; Souza, Lídio; Menandro, Paulo Rogério MeiraThere are low expectations of creative and cognitive performance in students with learning disability (LD). This situation worsens due to the problems of definition and evaluation from these areas. Aiming at contribution for changes in these expectations and for the study of the relationship between these areas, a contribution of two approaches of cognitive assessment – traditional and assisted was done for the study of creativity in 34 students (8 to 12 years) attending second and third grades in a public school in Vitória, ES with an indication of learning disability (LD) by the low performance in the School Performance Test (SPT). The students were distributed in control and experimental groups (CG and EG), the last being submitted by a development program of creativity (25 sessions over 3 months) approaching the verbal and figurative areas. On the pre-test and posttest, some evaluations were applied: a) traditional – academic (SPT), cognitive (WISC and Raven Progressive Colorful Matrices) and of creativity (Torrance tests of creative thinking); and b) assisted – Constraint – seeking questions of several pictures (C-SQ) having phases with no help, of assistance, maintenance and transfer which look into strategies for the constraint – seeking questions and provide a profile of performance (high score, gainer, non-maintainer, transferrer and non-transferrer). The SPT was reapplied as a follow-up three months after the post-test. Initially, in the traditional assessment the groups did not show any 10 difference in the WISC (average Total-IQ: 92) however in the post-test they had a significant intra-group increase in the Total-IQ (98) and Execution-IQ (95); in Raven the groups initially displayed significant differences favorable to CG (66; EG: 47) which extinguished in the post-test (CG: 68; EG: 60); in Torrance, in the post test, EG increased significantly the means in fluency verbal (pre: 15.4; pos: 21.4) and flexibility verbal (pre: 8.5; post: 11.1), whereas CG increased in flexibility verbal (pre: 7.7; post: 10.1). In the assisted assessment, between the pre and post-test, there was an increase of the high-score profile in both groups, being greater in the EG (from I to 8; GC: from 6 to 10); it also increased the transferrer profile in the EG (from 10 to 16) whereas it kept the same in the CG (16). The significant differences between the groups showed the positive effects for the development program of creativity and the adequacy of these approaches in the evaluation and intervention over the cognitive areas and the creativity of the assessed students.
- ItemMemória dos verdes anos: saudade da infância na música popular brasileira - uma investigação e uma proposta de análise de dados(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-03-30) Nascimento, Adriano Roberto Afonso do; Menandro, Paulo Rogério Meira; Trindade, ?Zeidi Araujo; Rodrigues, Maria Margarida Pereira; Andrade, Angela Nobre de; Almeida, Angela Maria de OliveiraDespite the current interest of Humanities in the Memory question, the recurrence in which recorded events are identified as nostalgic in day to day discourse of Brazilians has been underestimated. Memory and Nostalgia (here understood as missing or longing after a lost past, after the Portuguese word ´Saudade´) do not have the same meaning, but are strongly related. As it points out to an affective component of the mnemonic content, the problems of this relation are of interest for the understanding of ampler psychosocial processes. Considering that constitutive elements of Social Memory are shared, it is possible to perceive the quotidian meaning of Nostalgia, what is investigated through the identification of elements commonly characterized as nostalgic, as well as the relation between these elements, and their constancies and inconstancies, in textual material about childhood nostalgia. The “boyhood times” are recurrently identified as nostalgic both in the artistic-cultural productions and in the common man memories, what justifies the choice of this particular remembrance as valid. Since the amount and the variety of elements which potentially could be remembered nostalgically were large, we opted for the conjugation of different procedures to analyze these memories. The source of nostalgic reports about childhood was a set of popular song lyrics of our country, documental material that has been progressively valued in historical-cultural studies for its characteristics of, among other advantages, picturing elements of the daily life of both the song writers and the consumer public. With the objective of evaluating the vocabulary and the nostalgic content made explicit in the lyrics of 70 (seventy) songs of Brazilian popular music, they were submitted to a software for statistical analysis of textual data (Alceste) and to a classical procedure of Content Analysis. A complementary procedure, which was called Content Networks, was proposed in order to evaluate the characteristics of the links between the elements remembered by the song writers. The results show a high frequency of mentions of child activities, child plays and games, predominantly realized outside the domestic space. The sociability network, which groups other boys, the family and young love, was also well cited. The possible localization of the physical space where the childhood occurred, indicated through the mention of natural elements, suggests the constant presence of memories of a childhood lived in the country, in opposition of an adulthood lived in urban areas. The integrated treatment of the utilized analyses procedures’ results permitted the characterization of the dynamics of the nostalgic discourse as agreeing with the more general dynamics of Social Memory. In special, the explicit identification of value for the memories indicate a particularity of this discourse, since it aggregates a sentimental value which avoids it to be taken as a mere description of the past. In this sense, the analyzed lyrics set takes us to the perception of aspects of the present of who remembers. In the comparison of a happy past and a not so happy present, the coherence of the discourse of who remembers the childhood nostalgically is in play.
- ItemÁrea profissional e processo da tomada de consciência: análise microgenética do jogo torre de Hanói(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-05-28) Resende, Augusto Cezar Romero de; Ortega, Antônio Carlos; Rossetti, Claudia Broetto; Macedo, Lino deThis research investigated, with a microgenetics approach, the influence of two professional areas in the process of conscience building of the strategies and the procedures utilized by university students in the resolution of a problem contained in a game of rules. Participated in the study fifteen civil engineering students and fifteen psychology students. The instrument of investigation utilized was the Hanoi Tower game, which has the objective of transporting a tower of "n" discs from the initial column to another column, passing through an intermediary column. The research developed in three stages, as follows: stage 1 - grouping trials of resolution of the problem contained in towers with 2, 3, 4, and 5 discs, followed by the recording of the plays in a protocol; stage 2 - comprehending the construction of a table from which the regularities between the number of displacements of each disc and the total number of displacements in each tower; stage 3 - involving an interview based on a script containing questions about the utilized strategies. To analyze the process of conscience building, characterized by the relation between the do and the understand, six evolutionary levels (IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIC and III) The main results obtained allowed to verify that, with respect to doing, most of the participants (60%) solved the problem contained in all towers. However, it was noticed that, while most of the Civil Engineering students (80%) achieved complete success, that is, solved the problem contained in the four towers with a minimum number of displacements, most of the psychology students (60%) achieved partial success, that is, solved the problem contained in some towers with a minimum number of movements and, for other towers, with an extra number of displacements. With respect to comprehending, it was verified that most of the psychology students (66,7%) coordinated at least two strategies by means of conceptualizing, while the majority of the engineering majors (53,3%) was not able to coordinate any. With respect to the process of conscience building, the results showed that 33,34% of the psychology students were classified on level IIA, meaning that they achieved partial success in doing and partial comprehension of the problem, while 46,66% of the Civil Engineering were classified on level IIC, that is, achieved complete success in doing and a partial comprehension of the system contained in the game.
- ItemAtividades lúdicas entre adultos jovens: um estudo com universitários capixabas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-05-28) Pylro, Simone Chabudee; Rossetti, Claudia Broetto; Ortega, Antonio Carlos; Souza, Maria Thereza Costa Coelho deThe intention of this research was to investigate the favorite ludic activities carried out by young adults. The investigation employed a questionnaire, applied to 213 Capixaba university students aged between 20 and 40 years old, to find out if the differentiation in ludic preference evidences in adulthood, in function of the gender. It was verified that, on a daily basis, very little time was dedicated to games and play. The favorite activities were dating, being with friends, going to the movies, listening to music and watching TV. Amongst the men, typical activities were soccer and aggressive games/ playing activities. Ludic activities considered typically female were mainly related to symbolic games. Among the reasons causing difficulties for ludic activities, the most prominent were work, study and fatigue. It was evident the notorious differences, according to gender, regarding the ludic activities performed, as well as the time dedicated to such, in function of gender.
- ItemMulheres aprisionadas: representando o universo prisional(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-06-14) Frinhani, Fernanda de Magalhaes Dias; Souza, Lídio de; Trindade, Zeidi Araújo; Galinkin, Ana LúciaThe violence in which current societies are immersed can be measured, among other factors, by the substantial increase in prison population, increase that has favored the violation of the rights of the inmates and the disobedience of the Penal Execution Law. In the Brazilian penitentiary scenery the female prison population is very small when compared to the male counterpart and the data about female criminality are scarce and not enlightening. The objective of this work was to investigate the social representations of the prison space of women inmates in a State Female Penitentiary. For this study, we opted for a semi-structured interview as data collection instrument. Ten women inmates were interviewed, chosen among those serving a sentence for at least one year, utilizing a script which focused the following aspects of their daily life: social-demographic data; moment of crime; how the sentence functions are perceived; relation with family prior and after incarceration; life before incarceration; penitentiary day-to-day; vision of the treatment received in the penitentiary; what are the main difficulties encountered in prison; future projects. The data were organized from the content analysis of the interviews and their organization in individual synthesis-structures. Data revealed that the practices and the experiences lived and shared by the interviewees are fundamental for the construction and transformation of their representations on the different aspects of the prison quotidian. The construction of representations goes from the repulse and distance, passing through the total dread, and gets to the resignated acceptance. These transformations are strongly marked by the share of space as well as by strategies that permit the support of being in prison: family closeness, religion, some labour activity learning. Some gender characteristics also mark the prison existence: samples of the way they take good care of their bodies and of the space they occupy, referring to the cells as their houses; gossips diligence with their companions and the interviewers believe in the purpose of the punishment as resocialization. For many, the prison was the salvation of their lives. Also, the practices of violation of rights, mainly with respect to the actions of justice workers must be studied in more detail, such that the actions of these professionals become a vehicle of social promotion and not of exclusion, as has commonly occurred.
- ItemRepresentação social de adolescentes sobre o "viciado" em drogas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-06-30) Cuvello, Sulamita Táita Vitorino; Trindade, Zeidi Araujo; Souza, Lídio de; Nascimento, Adriano Roberto Afonso doThe research discusses the social representation elaborated by the adolescents about thee drug "addict", expressing how the use of psychoactive substances evolved since the "primitive" societies until contemporary society. We attempted also to verify the main motives that influence drug consumption at this age, according to the subjects, identifying the forms of prevention performed by the school. We highlight also some factors that can be construed as predisposing to drug use during the adolescence. The study was based in a psychosocial approach, conceptually and methodologically oriented by the theory of social representations, based upon the central core theory. Participated 140 students, 70 from public schools and 70 from the private sector, with ages varying from 15 to 20 years, who answered a collectively applied script. The data were analyzed with the aid of the software EVOC, in the question of free association that used the inductor term, "drug addict", and the software ALCESTE for content analysis on the remaining questions. The results indicated, both on public school and on private school, the existence of a common field of social representations structured around the conception of "addict" as an unfortunate person, inspiring feelings of pity and of someone who needs help. The study reveals also that the adolescents of private school emphasize more than their counterparts on public school that the "addict" is the main responsible for the addiction.
- ItemNa corda bamba: reforma psiquiátrica e saúde mental na atenção primária(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-08-23) Romanholi, Andréa Campos; Andrade, Ângela Nobre de; Trindade, Zeide Araújo; Amarante, Paulo Duarte deThis study discusses about the limits and possibilities of the Brazilian psychiatric reform implementation in the primary health care. Services on this issue have been assumed as a doorway to the Brazilian health system (SUS), however, they are not understood as part of the net of this system when it is concerning to people affected by madness. Trying to investigate that fact, this study has been worked with the primary health care professionals, through application of semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and focus group; so that, it was possible to get to know the difficulties and possibilities in order to transform that reality, and count on this service during the reform process. It could be assumed that, in the professionals point of view, the Basic Health Units have an important role in the psychiatric reform, once they are effectively territorial services, which allows one to get to know the users and their reality; and to accompany them throughout the several moments of their lives. However, those professionals reported several difficulties that make their possibilities to abandon the traditional practices of health extremely tough. They are very affected by the reality they face, by the excessive demand, and by the work process that is still bureaucratic and incoherent with the transformation proposals. Those difficulties refer to the attention to the general problems of the health field, and also interferes in the possibility to assume the attention of the people with mental problems that are seen as people who are required larger flexibility from the services to be attended. However, regardless the need of larger know-how, the mentioned difficulties are the same ones faced for the construction of a new model of attention to the health and the relationship with the mental health area is received in a positive way. About it, there are some expectations that this mentioned area, with its know-how and techniques, helps them to overcome difficulties. On the other hand, the work in the primary health care has shown a more complex reality than that which has being worked on the field of the reform. The last one deals with users who are victims of violence and exclusion that which is typical in the traditional psychiatric thought and in the primary health care there are those and more the enormous amount of people that suffer the violence of the social and economical exclusion, by living in poverty with lack of life perspectives and threatened by the informal but influential nets of the “local power” (coming from drug traffic and family violence). So, it is evaluated that the union of those two fields (psychiatry reformation and primary heath care) may enrich both, so that, it will cause the transformation of their practices and the enlargement of the invention opportunities.
- ItemMoralidade e homicídio: um estudo sobre a motivação e a ação do transgressor(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-09-02) Borges, Luciana Souza; Alencar, Heloisa Moulin de; La Taille, Yves de; Menandro, Paulo Rogério MeiraThe objective of this research was to investigate the representation of homicidal subjects as to the reasons of. the crime ( motivation ), and of the crime itself ( action ), not only at the time of the homicide ( past ) as for the present moment as well ( present ), by means of judgement of representation of reality (JRR), and of judgement of moral value (JVM). The sample consisted of 20 men, their ages varying between 30 and 49 years old, in prison and under parole at the Court s Division of Penal Executions of Vitória-ES. Individual interviews were made, according to the clinical method proposed by Piaget ( 1926/s.d.; 1932/1994). From the gathered data, we verifyed that in relation to: 1) the homicidal stories, most crimes took place at night, in public spaces, by fire weapon, against men known to the transgressor, both drunk; 2) as to the motivation for homicide, the JRR emphasized in the present and in the past, the physical aggression which took place, justified in the present mainly because the aggressor felt humiliated, and in the past, because he wanted to take revenge, and the transgressor s or victim s own characteristics; the JVM that was more mentionned in the past, was that their reasons were right due to the characteristics of those interviewed or of the victims, for the suffered humiliations or for the fact that they had to defend a life, whereas in the present, the most cited judgement was that their motives were wrong, in face of. the negative consequences of their crime, and of the religious arguments; 3) as to the action of the homicide, the JRR most mentionned in the past , was that those who had committed it, would do it again, either for the suffered humiliation or for the feeling they had experienced; and in the present they mentionned that they wouldn t kill again, due to the negative consequences of the crime, to the victim s own characteristics, and to religious motives; the JVM more mentionned in the past was that the action would be wrong, because of. the negative consequences, whereas in the present all of them judged as wrong the committed homicide, due to negative consequences, to the value attributed to life, and to religious motives; 4) as to the data in general , there was a greater tendency in condemning the homicide, and not its motivation; the religious arguments were linked to the fact that in the present , those interviewed judged as wrong the motivation and the action for the crime, and therefore they wouldn t do it again; the explanations linked to humiliation belongs mainly to the past, so as to justify as correct the judgement of value of the motivation and of the action, as a reason for why at that time, they would commit homicide again, as an action for honour .
- ItemEspírito Santo, um estado "satélite" na primeira república : de Moniz Freire a Jerônimo Monteiro (1892-1912)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-12-03) Sueth, José Candido Rifan; Franco, Sebastião Pimentel; Pinto, Surama Conde Sá; Silva, Gilvan Ventura daThis study about regional history gives support to understand hegemony of some Brazilian states and exclusion of Espirito Santo, within the First Republic period, a very important phase of political Brazilian history. Genesis of Capixaba heteronomy is analysed in the light of an original interpretation of North American federalism in Brazil, which has played an important part in so called governors policy, as well as in hegemony of some Brazilian states upon federation unities considered secondaries. The chronological time line covers Espírito Santo’s state governments from 1892 to 1912, reaching specially two state governors, José de Carvalho Moniz Freire and Jeronimo de Souza Monteiro that, in spite of differentiate political guide-lines, kept the “satellite” character of Espirito Santo state before Federation. This analysis of documents, as official Messages and Addresses, is based on weberian conception about power and, in spite of not having the goal of using History as “teacher of life”, maybe offers some fundament to notices about Espirito Santo within the 21st century, giving therefore a contribution to a new political history which now characterizes some areas of historiography.
- ItemEcofisiologia de um trecho de mata seca de restinga ocorrente no Parque Estadual Paulo César Vinha, Guarapari (ES)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-12-10) Assis, André Moreira de; Thomaz, Luciana Dias; Leite, Idalina Tereza de Almeida; Santana, Reynaldo Campos(Floristic survey of a restinga forest in Guarapari, Espirito Santo State, Brazil). The Paulo César Vinha State Park in Setiba, Guarapari Municipality (ES) is the best studied of all restinga conservation units in the state of Espírito Santo. But there is still much to be learned concerning the flora of some of the plant communities found here. From 1997 to 2000, plants were collected on random walks through approximately 4 hectares of forest that covers the outer beach ridges of the PCVSP. A total of 172 species were surveyed belonging to 54 families. The most species-rich families are Myrtaceae (25 spp.), Bromeliaceae (14), Orchidaceae (13), Sapotaceae (10), Lauraceae (07) and Rubiaceae (07).The most common geographic distribution pattern, based on the literature, was that of Atlantic coast species, followed by widespread species, speciesfound on both the Atlantic coast and in central Brazil, disjunct species and those endemic to Espírito Santo. Floristic similarity with other coastal areas is directly related to the distance between these areas. The presence of endemic and threatened species in the neighborhood of the Park reinforces the need for effective conservation of this area and provides the incentive to create other conservation units in the restingas of Espírito Santo state
- ItemA colônia imaginada : Anchieta e as metamorfoses do imaginário medieval na América portuguesa (1534-1597)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2004-12-15) Alvim, Davis Moreira; Costa, Ricardo da; Santos, Estilaque Ferreira dos; Silva, Gilvan Ventura da; Tavares, Célia Cristina da SilvaThe research presented hereinafter deals with Jesuit priest Jose de Anchieta"s (1534-1597) imaginary, by analyzing their medieval roots, as well as their metamorphoses in Portuguese America. Anchieta made use of medieval beastiaries, the demonology; directed earthly politics towards the spiritual world; believed he could count on heavenly support by means of hierophanies and chastisements; proclaimed the so-called fair war in God"s name for the conversion of the heathen; provided several people with a good death; wished for himself and called others to adhere to the ideal of martyrdom; defended the governor’s subordination to God and founded government authority on the power directly granted by the Deity. I have used as documentation some letters written by the Jesuit priest himself, comprising the period from 1554 to 1594, and the epic poem De Gestis Mendi de Saa, probably written within the period from 1560 to 1562 and published in Portugal by the first time in 1563. The main themes approached by the research were: the indian, the sacred, death, war, and tomism. Such themes have been set apart in an arbitrarian and didactic way during the explanation, but they surely intermingle and provide each other with sense, since Anchietan thought, as medieval thought likewise, would see no clear boundary between the purposes of politics and those of religion; would approach and deal with the worldly and the spiritual, by subordinating the former to the latter; would live and act on behalf of a sole, omnipresent, militarized God; and after all, would direct war, the government and the instant of death towards God.
- ItemEficiência fotoquímica das plantas e atividade da enzima pectinametilesterase na polpa de frutos do mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.)(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2005-02-17) Fontes, Renata Venturim; Figueiredo, Suely Gomes de; Silva, Diolina Moura; Balbino, José Mauro de SouzaThis work was developed as objective to detect, by the technique of emission at the chlorophyll fluorescence, stress in mamoeiro plants of cultivates Tainung and Sunrise Solo, aiming at to improve the handling preharvest of the culture. The experiments had been lead in the field and, monthly, they had been made measured of emission at the chlorophyll fluorescence as well the text of nitrogen, match and potassium in petiole foliar and the activity of nitrate reductase in leaves. The values of amplitude of day/night temperature, maximum temperature and monthly rainfall of the region had been gotten of a metereological station at INMET in the Incaper/Linhares-ES. The presented results had allowed to conclude that high values of amplitude of day-night temperature had caused increase of the initial fluorescence and reduction of the efficiency photochemistry only in the plants of cultivate Tainung, that had also presented its photochemistry efficiency more sensible to the increase of temperature of that the plants of cultivate Sunrise Solo, that had presented its photochemistry efficiency more sensible to the rainfall variations. The nitrogen text in petiole foliar was presented higher how much bigger it was the text of match and potassium in petiole foliar in both cultivates Tainung and Sunrise Solo. The activity of the enzyme nitrate reductase increased with the nitrogen text in plants of both cultivates. The values of correlation, between photochemistry efficiency and activity of nitrate reductase, presented for cultivates them, had shown that the photochemistry efficiency in the plants of cultivate Sunrise Solo is more dependent the activity of nitrate reductase that the photochemistry efficiency of the plants of cultivate Tainung. Based in the results, it is concluded that the photochemistry efficiency of fotossistema II, gotten by means of the technique of emission at the chlorophyll fluorescence, can be used as tool to indicate stress in mamoeiro plants, aiming at to improve the handling in the preharvest of the culture.
- ItemRespostas fisiológicas e bioquímicas de Rhizophora mangle L. e Laguncularia racemosa Gaerth. à população ambiental no manguezal do município de Vitória, ES(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2005-02-17) Falqueto, Antelmo Ralph; Figueiredo, Suely Gomes de; Silva, Diolina Moura; Lopes, Nei Fernandes; Cassini, Sérvio Túlio AlvesThis research was done in order to evaluate the effects of environmental alterations on photosynthesis in Rhizophora mangleL. and Laguncularia racemosaGaerth. young plants. The data were collected during the rain and drought periods in four points atmangrove ofVitoria, ES. The obtained results indicated that the increase in absorption of iron and zinc for L. racemosaduring the dry period favored the reduction of initial fluorescence (Fo). Decreases Foindicate protection of photosynthetic machinery against damage generate by excess of energy excitation, which reflex immediately in the increase to photosystem II photochemical efficiency (PSII), Fv/Fm, in L. racemosa in dry period. The elevated values of Fv/Fmratio observed in thepointnumber 2during the rain period, in both species, constitute good indicators in thenitrogen concentration, which reflex the degree of contamination by pollution threw awaydirectly in the mangrove ecosystem. In the points of higher environmental pollution, has been observed higher use efficiency of ATP and NADPH (Ft) produced during the photochemical phase of photosynthesis, increasedof the Calvin cycle reactions velocity (Fm/Ft) and the CO2fixation ratio (Tdf) in R. mangle and L. racemosa, indicating increase to tolerance thesespecies to environment variations through to increase of photosynthetic rate
- ItemAlgas fitoplanctônicas na Lagoa Juparanã (Linhares-ES): variação espacial, temporal e bioindicadores do estado trófico(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2005-02-24) Gonçalves, Monica Amorim; Fernandes, Valéria de Oliveira; Dias Júnior, Camilo; Suzuki, Marina SatikaThe present work was done at Juparanã lake –Brazil’s larger lake in fresh water volume –located in Linhares-ES. There were four collections with quarterly periodicity along an annual cycle (season drought and rainy), in two sampling stations: point 1, situated in central point (in the middle of the lake) and, because of this, more natural considered and less impact and point 2 , located in the outlet river Pequeno, that connects the lake to the river Doce. Characterist limnological like, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, water electric conductivity, depth, main nutrients concentration, transparency were determined. The phytoplankton community was analysed in qualitative and quantitative terms, being made thecounting by the sedimentation method, besides the chlorophyll a determination.The obtained results showed that the lake can be characterized for pH with tendency to the neutrality (6,5), low electric conductivity (84,8 µS/cm), low turbidity (12,1 UNT) and nutrients poverty (PO43 -34,0 µg/L; NO3-118,6 µg/L; P-total 42,2 µg/L; NH4+48,9 µg/L; NO2-4,5 µg/L; N-total 550,7 µg/L), water transparency was high in the two first samplings, but it decreased considerably in the next samplings due to the rainfall season, the dissolved oxygen contents were elevated during the whole study and wasn’t verified thermal profile stratification most of the time. Phytoplankton community showed 109 algaes taxa, belonging to 9 algaes classes with low numerical density (794 ind./ml) and biomass algal numbers (1,4 µg/L of chlorophyll a). Cyanophyceae, Zygnemaphyceae and Chlorophyceae was dominant numerically. Zygnemaphyceae were represented mostly for algaes of family Desmidiaceae, described in the literature like bioindicators of oligotrophic waters. The most representative gender regardind taxa number was Staurastrum. Chlorophyceae represented mostly by Chlorococcales, and Eutetramorus/Radiococcuswas abundant in 50% of the quantitative samples. Regarding to Cyanophyceae although low density, Synechocystissp. was dominant in 22,7% of the samples and abundant in 54,5%. The Simple and Compound Nygaard Coefficient classifies as an mesotrophic to eutrophic ambient, however this index works with big taxa groups was not considered satisfactory in bioindicators studies. In point 2 were found filamentous species that usually are part of periphyton, very developed in this location. There wasn’t observed standards in phytoplankton vertical and temporal distribution. The low concentrations of nutrients and low levels of biomass and phytoplankton density points to oligotrophic conditions for the Juparanã lake and suggests to possible competitive relations between phytoplankton, periphyton and aquatic plants, mostly in point 2.Qualitative and quantitative analysis demonstrate Cyanobacteria's several taxa,with dominanceof Synechocystissp., what is an alertfor the pond uses, due to the toxins production potentiality.