Filosofia

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Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia

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A alienação da liberdade pela própria liberdade : o paradoxo do problema do mal em Paul Ricoeur
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-10) Silva, Janaína Rosa da; Barreira, Marcelo Martins; Paula, Adna Candido de; Botter, Barbara; Albuquerque, Ivanhoé Leal; Souza, Thana Mara de
This research aims to investigate the paradox of the problem of evil that alienates freedom through freedom itself. Since Augustine, philosophy has rejected the idea of a nature of evil as a being, as a thing, which, on the one hand, led the understanding of evil to the field of the imperfection of human nature. Modern philosophy places freedom as the central point of discussions around the origin of evil action, especially Descartes, Kant and Hegel. However, imputability and guilt show the limit of the autonomy of the sovereign subject, since the subject is both capable of good and capable of evil. In order to understand the paradox between evil, freedom and the able subject of Ricoeurian, this investigation begins with Ricoeur's Philosophy of Will, in an attempt to show how the capable subject is placed in opposition to the sovereign subject from the realization of the fragility of the will in the face of evil. Then, from the long hermeneutic way as a form of interpretation we seek to understand the meaning of hermeneutical theory of symbols and myths, transmitted by the ancient Babylonian, Jewish and Christian cultures in the works symbolic of evil (1960) and The conflict of interpretations (1969). The relation between evil and freedom in Ricoeur has its genesis in direct dialogue with the problem of radical evil and the free will of Kantian philosophy. In the face of the subject of Ricoeurian who wants to reveal himself as a being that brings to light through the mysterious subjectivity constituted between body and thought a subject of powers. This capable subject is criticized by Levinas with the theory of absolute alterity, which is opposed to the Ricoeurian subjectivity of self-understanding. In the course of our investigation, we note that the subject of powers of Ricoeur, although clothed with a paradox, has the merit of empowering the human being as agent, an agent responsible for his actions. The study of the performative character of freedom without the use of transcendence led us to think of the ransom of forgiveness as a form of restoration of alienated freedom.
A arqueologia do dispositivo de poder disciplinar a partir de uma genealogia do poder na obra Vigiar e Punir de Michel Foucault
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-03-28) Galvão, Bruno Abilio; Souza, Thana Mara de; Viesenteiner, Jorge Luiz; Yazbek, André Constantino
The archeology and genealogy are analytical tools that Foucault uses, simultaneously, both on the issue of knowledge as power. Therefore, we affirm that these instruments do not separate into distinct periods, which is not to deny periodizations but deny mutilations in Foucault's work. We argue that occurs, from the reflections of The Archaeology of Knowledge, an expansion in the philosopher's analysis field, directing both archeology as genealogy, issues involving relations of power, which enables us to argue toward an archeology disciplinary power device from a genealogy of power. This analysis starts from the questioning of the current condition of the subject, Foucault diagnosed as governed by power relations that submit the body to a normative discourse, tending be an individual that matches a model, which is called docile bodies. They are the product of an embodiment of power, discipline, which makes use of several mechanisms that operate interconnected, forming a power device. Archaeology shows, when applied to a discursive formation, the relationship between the various elements that make up a speech. The relationship between the speech elements that determine a discursive regularity Foucault calls episteme, which is a strictly discursive device. Archaeology is the instrument applied in the analysis devices and, in Discipline and Punish, the philosopher directs archeology and genealogy to the axis of power, we will have an archeology of disciplinary power from elements found in a genealogy of power. The mechanisms of power found through genealogy and archeology organized by composing the disciplinary power of the device are: the art of distributions, control activities, the hierarchical surveillance, normalizing sanction and examination.
A busca fracassada pelo ser : estudos sobre a intencionalidade da consciência em Sartre
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-06-02) Erculino, Siloe Cristina do Nascimento; Souza, Thana Mara; Carrasco, Alexandre de Oliveira Torres; Murta, Claudia Pereira do Carmo
Nous allons analyser la notion de conscience intentionnelle chez Sartre, dans l’établissement de ses relations avec le monde et avec les autres, pour révéler que l’homme est une quête de l’Être et qu’il doit être compris à partir de ses choix et ses significations par la psychanalyse existentielle. Comme nous allons voir, la conscience n’est pas un type d’existant determiné tel qu’une brique ou un marteau, car elle est une puissance signifiante du réel, capable d’éclairer le présent et le passé par de futurs projets. Cela ne signifie pas que l’homme crée le réel selon sa volonté, car le monde existe par soi-même; cela signifie que l’homme est le seul responsable de ce qu’il fait de lui-même et de donner du sens au monde, puisqu’il est absolument libre. En lui-même, l’homme est rien, il se rapporte donc au monde; c’est son rien qui lui fait chercher l’être pour atteindre la complétude. Il s’agit d'une projection de l’avenir qui ne se réalise pas, ce qui ouvre un horizon de possibilités de nouvelles conduites et permet de continuer à agir. C’est l’échec ontologique à trouver sa propre fondation qui permet l’action libre et la recherche de succès existentiels. Pendant qu’il est vivant, l’homme reste comme la recherche de l’être – l’homme n’existe que comme du désir manqué.
A crítica contemporânea ao dualismo metafísico alma-corpo de René Descartes
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010-12-02) Borges, David Gonçalves; Araujo, Arthur Octavio de Melo; Candiotto, Kleber Bez Birolo; Murta, Claudia Pereira do Carmo
This dissertation aimed to research about the contemporary conceptions concerning the mind, using as philosophical reference René Descartes - the thinker who inaugurates the inquiries on the subject with his works "Meditations On First Philosophy" and "Treatise on the Passions of the Soul." The investigation sought to identify the main implications of Cartesian metaphysics on the philosophy of mind, and to show that the latter only became a field of study distinct from other philosophical fields since it started from criticism of the Cartesianism. In the first section an extensive presentation of the thought of René Descartes was prepared, with special emphasis on his views about the "soul" (or "mind" in contemporary terms). The second section addressed the first criticisms on dualism, as well as the objections contained in the works of Gilbert Ryle and Daniel Dennett. The third section presents non-dualistic and noneliminativistic approaches, focusing on the positions of John Searle and Antonio Damasio. It was concluded that the philosophy of mind followed a linear, gradual, and somehow inevitable development - in the latter case, keeping in mind mainly how it originated from the categories postulated initially by Descartes. Additionally, it was concluded that the path to greater success and wider potential for the advancement of cognitive science is in the union between empirical and philosophical knowledge, similar to the methodology employed by Damasio.
A dialética do trágico na Fenomenologia do Espírito de Hegel
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-12-12) Lima, Robson Ferreira; Luchi, José Pedro; Cavalieri, Edebrande; Pires, Frederico Pieper
Taking a general view of the course taken by the Spirit in the religious form of consciousness within Hegels Phenomenology of Spirit as a starting point, were intending to detach from this movement, as one essencial moment, the ceasure occured in the ethical substance which founds Greek Ethicitys world; it is the radicality of this ceasure itself what characterizes the Greek Tragedys moment. The most suitable form of representation to this ceasured content lies in a form of art which is capable of synthesizing both human s world effectiveness and spirits world conceptuality, that is, the tragic poetry. In spite of how important is the ceasure shown by the Tragedy, dividing the Ethicity in two Laws the Divine Law and the Human Law , this ceasure also contains in its own development a moment of reconciliation. This process of overcoming the oppostions goes along with the development of the tragic heros subjectivity, when he stops letting a blind fate guide his life and start to behave as a conscious agent, assuming both his actions and their consequences. Afterwards, Hegels dialectics itself carries a tragic fashion, including the pain of losing as well as the reaching a new plateau.
A estética do irreal : considerações sobre a arte em Jean-Paul Sartre
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-03-06) Hoste, Vinicius Xavier; Souza, Thana Mara de; Araújo, Arthur Octávio de Melo; Moutinho, Luiz Damon Santos
Parler de l’art dans la pensée de Jean-Paul Sartre c’est rentrer dans un champ ambigu, c’est transiter entre l’imaginaire et la perception, entre le sens et la signification, entre la critique et l’aliénation. En fait, ce sont précisément ces ambiguïtés qu’on abordera dans ce travail, pas afin de les résoudre, mais dans le but de montrer comment le philosophe français les utilise pour construire sa réflexion sur l’art. Nous allons essayer, alors, de montrer comment l’œuvre d’art, même s’il est une irréalité, n’exclut pas la dimension perceptible. Ensuite, nous cherchons à élucider la façon que cette dimension irréelle ouvre la possibilité soit d’un art critique, soit d’un art aliénant, en montrant, d'ailleurs, que cette opposition ne s’identifie pas avec la distinction entre les arts signifiants e les arts non signifiants. Enfin, nous chercherons à expliquer comment une œuvre d’art peut exprimer de façon concrète la critique ou l’aliénation, et que ça ne découle pas uniquement de l’artiste, mais dépend aussi de l’attitude du public.
A experiência do divino na Grécia arcaica (a partir de Walter Otto)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-03-31) Bastos, Daniel Ferstl Ferreira; Francalanci, Carla Costa Pinta; Bocayuva, Izabela Aquino; Luchi, José Pedro
A hermenêutica da arte em Hans-Georg Gadamer
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-08-20) Vasconcelos, Gustavo Caverzan; Araujo, Ricardo Corrêa de; Casanova, Marco Antonio dos Santos; Oliveira, Bernardo Barros Coelho de
It is intended to present the Hans-Georg Gadamer hermeneutics of art and his philosophical defense about the possibility of knowledge of the truth in the experience of dialogue lived by anyone that contemplates an artwork. It supports that it is possible highlighting, at first, the play concepts, of festival and symbol and then, the concepts of application and experience thought by Gadamer. In addition, it shows up how can we think the artwork as a image that presents, itself, a content of truth to the viewer, scoring the internal characteristics the way of being of the reproductive arts, statutory arts and literature. This way, it is observed the fundamental sense of participation of the people involved in the play of the art, namely, the artist creator, the representative agent and the viewer to finally show how the application of each one contribute to a significant development of the art hermeneutics. In that process, it stands out the importance of the contents legacy by the historical tradition and mobility in its facticity, to think about the hermeneutics exercises in accordance with the advent of the circumstantial truth in the presentation of the artwork.
A hermenêutica da obra de arte : a experiência da arte como um jogo infinito entre pergunta e resposta em Gadamer
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2011-06-15) Bom Jesus Neto, Antonio Almeida do; Oliveira, Bernardo Barros Coelho de; Werle, Marco Aurélio; Souza, Thana Mara de
What does it mean to understand a work of art? Hermeneutics, according to Hans Georg Gadamer, is identified with a question and answer structure within a limit of a possible conversation. A work of art can be understood as a text. But is not any question that we can direct to the work. For this, we need to get the point. Would it be an appropriative method, ie, we win the issue and so we can dominate what is being worked at a work? The game concept is, in our project, reconsidered in the light of Gadamer. This will allow us to show the game of art where only participating of it, where gain the issue makes sense. Thus, articulating the notion of playing with the idea of "logic" question and answer we will endeavor to show such a possibility from the perspective of interpretative Gadamerian that one can understand the work of art as well as a text. Understanding and interpreting are not activities related only to texts but they both expresses daily experience of the human being in the world. When we understand the tradition, we don’t understand only a text, but also views and insights that can be recognized also as truths. Henceforth, we will try to investigate the phenomenon of understanding directing this to the experience of art. Understanding that never runs out. The work of art as a text challenges us to think about what kind of comprehension is this that is always renewed, that is always possible. What has the genuine work of art to participate (belong) to the inexhaustible "character" things? Thus the relevance of our study is to investigate exactly why, either ancient or modern art, the experience of such work goes over, in an essential way, the whole subjective horizon of interpretation of both the author (artist) and the receiver that takes the work. Where nobody has the last word.
A imortalidade da alma no Kitāb Al-Nāfs (Livro da alma) de Ibn Sīnā (Avicena)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-07-20) Pereira, Evandro Santana; Costa, Ricardo Luiz Silveira da; Attie Filho, Miguel; Botter, Barbara
The current dissertation is a study concerning the immortality of the soul, following the doctrine presented in the Book of the Soul of Ibn Sina. In Chapter I, primary sources are used in order to establish a philosophical biography of the philosopher, in which are presented the political and cultural context of where he lived, the more relevant facts and issues of his life, in addition to his principal works. In Chapter II, there is a short description of the Arabian Philosophy – the falsafa –, and an analysis of the major inheritances received by the philosopher: Plato, Aristotle, Plotinus and Al-Farabi, and of some works and concepts of these. Next, the avicennian philosophical system is studied, in order to establish an indispensable theory base to explain the individual immortality of the human soul in the Book of the Soul. This analysis starts with his Metaphysics, with the notions of necessary existent and contingent existent, and the essence/existence distinction; passes through his Cosmology, with the emanation of the cosmic intelligences from the necessary existent down to the sublunary world, where man is; and reaches its Psychology, in which man is capable of uniting himself with the active intelligence, by the means of his intellective faculty. After that, comments are made about the influence of Ibn Sina in the History of Philosophy. In Chapter III, the Book of Healing and the Book of the Soul are described. Following that, the soul is analyzed in his homonym book, with his proving, definition, substantiality and faculties. In more detail, the question of the immortality of soul is studied in its particularities, foremost in Sections 2 and 4 of Chapter Five of the book in light.
A influência da mímese na hermenêutica simbólica de Paul Ricoeur
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-02-27) Belo, Eliezer; Barreira, Marcelo Martins; Cavalieri, Edebrande; Albuquerque, Ivanhoé Leal
This work performs an approach about hermeneutics symbol in Paul Ricoeur from the perspective of mimesis. To understand the importance of mimesis in hermeneutics of Ricoeur was mythologically it was decided to develop the study to present the stages of development of thought. The first study was based on the knowledge of the philosophy of the will. This first part intended to show Ricoeur entry in the symbol field. In the following reflections and evolution of thought. Another part complements this first study and tried to assess the graft hermeneutic phenomenology. The proposition of this second part was to justify the existence of a symbol of hermeneutics, considering the symbol as a possible starting point for resolving the conflict of interpretations. Another study complemented this work is developed in three stages. First concentrated in the field of hermeneutics from developing a myth and symbol description, with the intention of presenting the range of dimensions of the symbols. Then was taken into account the evolution of speech to reach the write state. In that same set, the myth and the symbol are analyzed from the aspect of semantic mediation that is between them. Subsequent to this second part held a reflection on the time in Augustine and Aristotle, considering the dimensions of the experience of time. The study which end the study was conducted in three stages. The first and the second are devoted to the relationship between mimesis and muthos, and mediation between mimesis I and III by mimesis II. The second focused on the reader, and the figure of the world’s mimesis consolidation and setting, via reflection on the reference. The closure was left with the task of carrying out an assessment of the symbol of hermeneutics, considering aspects of mimesis, the action imitated in the narration, the time of the work and the reader's worlds and work as configuration elements.
A metafísica platônica como estética inteligível : considerações sobre imagem e visão nos livros VI e VII da República
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-07-26) Curbani, Weriquison Simer; Francalanci, Carla Costa Pinto; Bocayuva, Izabela Aquino; Souza, Thana Mara de
The study consists in investigate how aesthetics arises as significant element in the composition of the dialogue Republic. It pass through this work from the beginning to the end framing it in beauty. There are numerous passages that mention the archaic poets, it worships the music, as such as the art of the Muses, the appreciation of harmony, the rhythm, by the symmetry, finally, there is in the Republic a aesthetic care in its architecture. Having seen, then, that beauty occupies a considerable place in the dialogue, we look for to valorize it and put it in evidence from the artistic, to forge a path that lead us, increasingly, to face the beauty as something not be restricted to the sensible, since, in the case of Plato, the most splendorous beauty lies in the intelligible. In this sense, we propose to take the Platonic metaphysics of ideas as intelligible aesthetic, aiming at finding the beautiful supersensible possible be contemplated by the philosophical intellect. This is because the ideas are intelligible forms , which are shown in its perfection to the intellect. The idea is essentially one single unit, which sensible objects imitates and receives their being. In other words, the idea is the aspect that presents itself to the intellect of the philosopher. And with this intention of taking Platonic metaphysics as intelligible aesthetic, we made some considerations about image and vision . Such considerations follow in the direction of taking the image as a metaphor, as figurative language used as a resource to leads to souls to intelligible, and vision, means intellectual vision, a philosophical view. Finally, we will see, the activity of philosopher will consist to see the beautiful scenery of the ideas in intelligible.
A passagem para o abismo entre a natureza e a liberdade : uma investigação do sistema crítico de Immanuel Kant a partir da Crítica da faculdade do juízo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013-12-16) Sartori, Cedric Correvon; Souza, Thana Mara de; Figueiredo, Virginia de Araújo; Oliveira, Bernardo Barros Coelho de
A perspectiva dos esprits animaux como causa dos movimentos corporais e das paixões em Descartes
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-03) Nogueira, Abraão Carvalho; Murta, Claudia Pereira do Carmo; Bocca, Francisco Verardi; Viesenteiner, Jorge Luiz
In the reading of the Cartesian works Treatise of Man (1648) and The Passions of Soul (1649), we find a essential category for comprehension to cartesian dualism: the concept of animal spirits. This concept articulates one of the main foundations of the comprehension of the french philosopher René Descartes (1596-1650) in relation to body and soul dualism. The component physical and corporeal of this relation between the body and soul for Descartes, in this perspective, resides mainly in the movement and action of the animal spirits in the body, which are produced through the brain, as shown in Art. X of The Passions of Soul in the part named How animal spirits are produced from the brain. Essential for understanding of this concept and your teoric formulation is ambiented through by other conception: body machine, as formulations in reference to philosophical materialism. Animal spirits and body machine are two essential concepts for de comprenhension of the philosophical interlocution between Descartes and La Mettrie (1709-1751) in the work's The Man Machine (1895) and Animals More than Machines (1796). Causality and mechanical movements of the bodies are conceptions that expression approximation and confront between this two philosophers.
A prioridade do correto sobre o bem como forma de garantir a estabilidade em sociedades marcadas pelo pluralismo razoável
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-10-23) Barreira, Carolina Matedi; Araujo, Ricardo Corrêa de; Silveira, Denis Coitinho; Barreira, Marcelo Martins
The research examines a priority of the right over the good in John Rawls's book "Political Liberalism", by means of basic concepts of Justice as Fairness, highlighting reasonable political pluralism, political conception of justice and political construtivism. The intent is to demonstrate how that priority is the crucial element of Political Liberalism, and the vital role in justice as fairness. It also tries to demonstrate that ideas of right and the good are complementaries, and that priority of the first is more adequate to guarantee stability of societies marked by the fact of reasonable pluralism. The aim is to expose how this can benefit democratic societies marked by a profound plurality of ideias of good,which justifies the relevance of research on Rawls today.
A religião e os limites da técnica : aproximações e distanciamentos a partir do pensamento de Jürgen Habermas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-05-23) Perovano, Mauricio Fernandes; Luchi, José Pedro; Cavalieri, Edebrande; Portugal, Agnaldo Cuoco
Religion and technics, even with different impacts and moments in the architectonic of Jürgen Habermas"s thought, end up constituting as referential dialogic themes in the work of this author, from which he structures his thought in a theoric growing that extends from his early essays to his most recent writings. The objective of this dissertation is, from a literature review, to analyze the approaches performed by Habermas about these dialogical poles explaining movements and theoretical frameworks developed in each step. We propose to work at first the concept of technic explaining the influence inherited from Frankfurt School, as well as their reconstructions and proposals to the impacts of an instrumented reason in society. The culmination of Habermas' analysis about the techno-scientific knowledge will be the delineation of normative ethical limits of such a knowledge and at the same time exposing the pathologies and shortcomings of a strategic reason, or merely related-to-end , which culminates with his proposal of a “mitigated naturalism”. From this theoretical horizon will work the concept of religion and its importance in today's theoretical framework of Habermas. Finally, we analyse his approach about the concept of religion and the importance of this movement in the lurch about this interpretative turn about this, culminating with his repositioning inside the thought of such author.
A religião no quadro da modernidade : duas possibilidades de abordagem a partir da obra de Jürgen Habermas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-02-05) Oliveira, Lennimarx Porfírio; Luchi, José Pedro; Portugal, Agnaldo Cuoco; Barreira, Marcelo Martins
This work aims to analyze how Jürgen Habermas settles the phenomenon of religion in the frame of modernity according to a reading key that divides the configuration of this relation inside the author’s writings in two moments. In the first moment, the grasp proposed by Habermas assumes an inflection that brings into account the different stages of society, however without dodging to check the philosophical assumptions and consequences of the proposed theoretical model. We start from the theory of rationality advanced by Habermas: towards the elaboration of a concept of communicative rationality, the study of linguistically mediated interaction is intertwined with the concept of communicative action, which serves as bridge to a theory of society. Then, the concept of modernity embraced by Habermas is stressed in a way that gives emphasis to the maturing of structural components of modern society. At last, we expose how the process of rationalization which culminates in modernity progressively withdraws the structuring social functions performed by religion while advances the formation of a new faith awareness. At the second part, the endurance and the contribution of religion to modern societies are attested. At the beginning, we stress how Habermas conceptually articulates the relation between the structural components of society and what is the function ascribed by him to law in this process. Then, the Habermasian theory of law is explained in a way that emphasizes the reciprocal complementation between law and politics. We expose the specificity of Habermas’ conception of democracy and how it depends on communicatively articulated cognitive resources. In this context, religion has the unique capability of bringing up positive contributions: in a society that has shaped itself as post-secular, it is recognized that religion isn’t just a component of modernity among others, but also has a particular status which allows it to unleash normative contents in order to help maintaining modernity’s achievements. Finally, we explore the similarities and differences between both parts of this work and we accomplish a critical appraisal of the results achieved in the study of how Habermas sees the framing of religion by modernity.
A superação do pensamento metafísico na filosofia política de Jürgen Habermas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010-08-03) Scaldaferro, Maikon Chaider Silva; Luchi, José Pedro; Santos, Jorge Augusto da Silva; Dutra, Delamar José Volpato
The modern political theory tried to legitimate the democratic rule of law based on metaphysical principles. Thus, a crisis of metaphysical thinking leads to a crisis of legitimacy of the democratic rule of law. The deficit of legitimacy is enlarged for a lack of a religious unifier power, able to organize secular societies, and the absence of a common ethos, shared for secular citizens. It is in this historical context that Jürgen Habermas’ thinking emerges. This work aims to analyses the fundamentation of democratic rule of law in Jürgen Habermas’ philosophy. It states that Habermas overcomes the metaphysical thinking in your discourse theory. In the first chapter, we explain how Habermas comprehend the main features of the metaphysical thinking and the causes of metaphysic’s collapse. The second chapter demonstrates that the Frankfurt’s philosopher elaborates a theory of rationality and an ethics post-metaphysical. This post-metaphysical ethics is the point of departure for the development of habermasian political philosophy. At the third chapter, we examine how the democratic rule of law is reconstructed from a post-metaphysical base. Here the habermasian proposal is compared with the republicanism and the liberalism that present a metaphysical fundamentation of democratic state. Finally, as conclusion of our study, we debated the results of Habermas’ post-metaphysical political philosophy.
A teoria de mundo-próprio de Jakob Von Uexkull : entre a metafísica e o naturalismo
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2012-12-14) Souza, Elaine Cristina Borges de; Araujo, Arthur Octavio de Melo; Di Clemente, Fabio; Ternes, José
This work proposes to analyze the philosophical meanig of the theory of "self-world" (in German, Umwelt) devoloped by the biologist Jakob Von Uexkull. Among different interpretations proposed by important philophers, the theory is situted between an eventual metaphysics and a particular form of naturalism regarding to the way how different lived organisms perceive and act on the environment. To make possible this study, this work is divided in tree chapters. The fist on is dedicated to an analysis on the wide influence that Uexkull had from Kant s ideas and that indicates the philosophical basis of his theoretical biology. In the second chapter, we will analyze Heidegger interpretation that understands the theory of self-world in a particular metalphisical meaning. In the third chapter, we will examine the interpratation that understands the theory of sel-world as an altenative form of naturalism which breaks away the cartesian dualism in Merleau-Ponty view. From this showing, it is proposed to evaluate the eventual interpretations for the theory of self-world and their philosophical consequences.
A união mística na Enéada VI, 9, de Plotino
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-04-18) Almeida, Rodrigo Moreira de; Santos, Jorge Augusto da Silva; Viesenteiner, Jorge Luiz; Botter, Barbara; Baracat Júnior, José Carlos
This work investigates the concept of "mystical union" with the One in the Ennead VI, 9 of Plotinus, entitled On the Good or the One. Initially, it examines this concept in the larger context of Plotinus' metaphysics, in which it plays a fundamental role, as the ultimate goal of philosophical life. This first part of the inquiry also proposes a diachronic reading of Plotinus" philosophy, with the aim of understanding the position of Neoplatonism within the history of Ancient Philosophy and Plotinus' appropriation of the previous philosophical tradition. Next, it proceeds to study the characteristics of the mystical union with the One, as well as the preliminary stages of realization of this union and the sense in which must be understood the adjective "mystic", which qualifies it. The dissertation concludes with a study on the importance of symbolism as an instrument able to help the philosopher to achieve the mystical experience, by supplementing the limitations of discursive language. Furthermore, it also presents an interpretation of the geometric symbolism, present in chapter 8 of Ennead VI, 9.

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