Doutorado em Saúde Coletiva

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Navegando Doutorado em Saúde Coletiva por Assunto "Água"

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    O direito à água e os processos de desigualdades para o acesso no oeste da Bahia
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-04-17) Silva, Maiara Macêdo; Silva, Adriana Ilha da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8698-5768; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4088542085942883; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3510835521173406; Lima, Rita de Cássia Duarte; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5931-398X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2384472795664270; Sodre, Francis; https://orcid.org/0000000340379388; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7744765390568573; Moretti, Ricardo de Sousa; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3807-4684; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7819421851048499; Costa, Andre Monteiro
    Access to public drinking water supply services is essential for the promotion of health and must permeate the principles of human rights, being essential that it be qualitatively adequate and quantitatively sufficient to meet the needs of populations. Given the conditions of access, with the deficits that are present in Brazil, and, also considering the moment of health crisis, the importance of studies that address this theme is observed. Despite the expansion in access to water supply services over the last few decades, there is a historical reflection of deficiency that mainly affects the North and Northeast regions of the country. In this context, the West of Bahia is inserted, which is the scene of social inequalities and contradictions in the right to access to water. Thus, this study aimed to analyze access to drinking water services from the perspective of health promotion, given the context of inequalities in Western Bahia. The research was carried out through three studies originated from the specific objectives. In the first, for the discussion on access to water as a fundamental human right that promotes health and the scenarios of inequalities, a literature review was carried out with the intention of bringing reflections from the reference of the human right to water and access to these services as a social determinant of health promotion. In the second, which aims to study access to drinking water in Western Bahia from the perspective of human rights and health, a descriptive analysis of water supply indicators was carried out, demonstrating the scenario of inequality in the region. The third is an investigation, based on a spatial analysis, of access to drinking water in times of the Covid-19 pandemic in the urban area of a municipality in western Bahia, using secondary data bases. The results showed that rural populations are the most affected by the violation of the right to water, mainly because there is no guarantee of its quality, and that there are weaknesses in health management with regard to the registration of data in the information system. In addition, in the analysis during the pandemic period, it was identified that access to water in the urban area studied was affected by cuts in supply, unevenly in the neighborhoods, with greater impact on the most vulnerable population. Thus, this work made it possible to identify weaknesses in the fulfillment of the human right to water, in the principle of access to information, and in the criteria of water quality and economic accessibility; and realizing that precarious access to water has consequences for health promotion, especially for rural and peripheral populations. It was assumed that inequalities in access to water in the western region of Bahia are related to social and territorial conditions, affecting health promotion and human rights.