Doutorado em Saúde Coletiva
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início:
Conceito atual na CAPES:
Ato normativo:
Periodicidade de seleção:
Área(s) de concentração:
Url do curso:
Navegar
Submissões Recentes
- ItemSaúde da população negra e vigilância em saúde: potências, ambivalências e caminhos para equidade racial(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-09-26) Cordeiro, Marcos Vinicius da Silva; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4826-3355 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761398932271892; Lima, Rita de Cássia Duarte; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5931-398X ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2384472795664270; https://orcid.org/000-0002-8992-5514; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2323462352006932; Santos, Patrícia Carla dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1024-4378 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0139281486520973; Bracet, Margareth Attianezi; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3627-5375 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4274985811833201; Andrade, Maria Angélica Carvalho ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3690-6416 ; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5427520110626795The doctoral thesis “Black Population Health and Health Surveillance: Potentials, Ambivalences, and Pathways to Racial Equity” aimed to analyze the actions of Health and Environmental Surveillance that contribute to the implementation and strengthening of Black Population Health and to addressing racism within Brazil’s Unified Health System (SUS). Structured in four articles, the research examined the integration between the National Policy for the Comprehensive Health of the Black Population (PNSIPN) and the National Health Surveillance Policy (PNVS), as well as the quality of health information disaggregated by race/color. The first article identified convergences and gaps between the two policies, emphasizing the need for stronger articulation and competency frameworks that incorporate the fight against racism as a cross-cutting directive. The second article analyzed the incompleteness of the race/color variable in national health information systems (2010–2023), highlighting recent improvements but persistent regional and thematic inequalities. The third article, a systematic review (2000–2024), revealed that national literature acknowledges the low quality of records, though rarely links it explicitly to institutional racism. The fourth article discussed recent Ministry of Health initiatives to improve racial data, pointing to progress in transparency and monitoring, while underscoring ongoing challenges in institutionalization and integration. The thesis concludes that Health Surveillance has an ambivalent role: it can enhance statistical visibility and inform equity-oriented policies, yet also reproduce invisibility when guided by technocratic logics. Building an anti-racist epidemiology, alongside strengthening critical training and information democratization, is essential for Health Surveillance to function as a strategic tool in confronting racial inequalities and ensuring the right to health within SUS and strengthening of the PNSIPN integrated with the PNVS.
- ItemDesvelando o contexto de vida de crianças refugiadas no Espírito Santo: uma abordagem criativa e sensível(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-12-12) Antonio, Suzana; Andrade, Maria Angélica Carvalho; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3690-6416; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5427520110626795; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6157-3759; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5928824592839198; Silva, Liliane Faria da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9125-1053; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9071782541107295; Filippon, Jonathan Gonçalves; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3907-1992; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1655529281503303; Deps, Patrícia Duarte; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9707-1934; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9820695143683631; Nascimento, Luciana de Cássia Nunes; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4947-5480; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8473253145955850The migratory crisis is an ancient phenomenon that has recently become one of the main global concerns, leading millions of people to seek better living conditions and protection from political or religious persecution, armed conflicts, natural disasters, and other factors, including family reunification. Children and adolescents face unique challenges when seeking refuge, such as lack of access to essential services, family separation, language barriers, exploitation, violence, and abuse, due to their vulnerability. Therefore, it is essential to understand the life context of these children, considering their multiple dimensions. In this regard, this study aimed to analyze the life context of refugee and asylum-seeking children in Espírito Santo, Brazil, based on their own perceptions, understanding their living conditions, describing their migratory trajectories, and investigating their perspectives about the future. The research was conducted from a historical-cultural perspective, grounded in Lev S. Vygotsky’s contributions to human development and the importance of social and cultural interactions in the constitution of subjects. A qualitative approach was adopted, developed through the Creative and Sensitive Method, using the “Almanaque” dynamic as a strategy to foster children’s expression and the sharing of experiences. The study included ten Venezuelan refugee children living in the state of Espírito Santo. Data were generated between October 2024 and January 2025, after approval by the Research Ethics Committee of this university and conducted in accordance with Resolution No. 466/12 of the National Health Council. Data analysis followed Bardin’s Thematic Content Analysis. The results revealed the life context of refugee children in Espírito Santo, highlighting that learning Portuguese, along with preserving their mother tongue, proved fundamental to fostering belonging and cultural mediation. Experiences related to housing, food, and health reflected dimensions of safety, identity, and care, while school emerged as a space for socialization and learning, although marked by challenges such as prejudice and bullying. Leisure activities, including play, extracurricular practices, and the use of technology, as well as religious practices and interpersonal relationships with family, friends, neighbors, and support networks were found to be essential for coexistence and emotional support. Memories of life in Venezuela and the feeling of “saudade” (longing) revealed the continuity of family and cultural ties maintained across distance. Migratory trajectories were characterized by ruptures, fears, and adaptations, but also by solidarity and reconstruction. Future perspectives expressed dreams and hopes that cross borders, reflecting both the desire to remain in Brazil and to return to Venezuela, while keeping emotional and cultural ties to the country of origin alive. Thus, understanding the life context of these children requires listening to them as active subjects of their own stories. Their narratives reveal processes of re-signifying displacement experiences and reconstructing childhood in a new territory, permeated by challenges, but also by affection, learning, and hope.
- ItemAnálise epidemiológica da Covid-19 em indígenas aldeados do Espírito Santo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-09-24) Siqueira, Priscila Carminati; Sales, Carolina Maia Martins ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2879-5621; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3613476296412930; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4826-3355; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761398932271892; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3346-3509; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4953147289751955; Viana, Paulo Victor de Sousa ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8449-2705; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9909353180551424; Jezus, Sonia Vivian de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0423-8927; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820815379109713; Negri, Letícya dos Santos Almeida ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-4506; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1856133153859244; Prado, Thiago Nascimento do ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8132-6288; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6388559394015871Introduction: Indigenous peoples are more vulnerable to illness and death from COVID 19, since infectious and parasitic diseases rank among the main causes of mortality in these populations, especially when compared to other ethnic and racial groups. This vulnerability is intensified by their collective way of life, cultural traditions that favor the spread of SARS-CoV-2 within communities, as well as social inequalities, difficulties in accessing health services, and the geographic locations of the villages. General objective: To analyze the epidemiology of COVID-19 among the Indigenous population living in villages in the state of Espírito Santo, from 2020 to 2024. Methods: This thesis is structured in the form of four scientific manuscripts, each with a specific objective. Accordingly, each manuscript adopts its own methodological procedures, which together comprise the overall research results and are presented in detail in the individual description of each product. Results: The scoping review initially identified 2,224 studies, resulting in a final sample of 47 publications. The countries with the largest number of studies were the United States, Brazil, and Mexico, with a concentration in 2021 (42.6%). A higher number of deaths was observed among Indigenous males over 60 years of age. The most prevalent comorbidities were cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. Incidence and mortality rates were higher among Indigenous peoples compared to other racial groups. The completeness analysis of COVID-19 notification forms for Indigenous villagers in Espírito Santo in 2020 showed “excellent” completeness (65.3%), although “very poor” completeness was found in 19.2% of the evaluated items, indicating that some variables in the forms had low data recording quality. The epidemiological profile analysis of the Indigenous population in Espírito Santo from 2020 to 2024 showed a cumulative incidence rate of 30,860.07 per 100,000 inhabitants, mortality rate of 118.09 per 100,000 inhabitants, and a case fatality rate of 0.38%. The highest concentration of COVID-19 cases in this population occurred in 2022, with a downward trend in the following years. Women (55.74%) and Tupiniquim individuals (92.28%) predominated, with the age group of 18–59 years (65.05%) and a mean age of 31.5 years. Deaths occurred in individuals aged ≥18 years, being more frequent among those aged ≥80 years (13.64%, p<0.001), with a mean age at death of 74 years. The highest incidences were recorded in the villages of Pau Brasil, Boa Esperança, and Caieiras Velha. The villages of Guaxindiba, Novo Brasil, and Olho d’Água reported no cases of the disease. The highest mortality and case fatality rates occurred in the village of Areal (395.25 per 100,000 inhabitants; 3.84%). Conclusion: Indigenous peoples present a complex and dynamic health profile, directly related to historical processes of social, economic, and environmental change, linked to the expansion and consolidation of demographic and economic frontiers of society across different regions of Brazil. Over the centuries, these frontiers have exerted significant influence on the determinants of Indigenous health, whether through the introduction of new pathogens causing severe epidemics, the usurpation of territories hindering or preventing subsistence, or the persecution and killing of individuals and even entire communities. Currently, other challenges to Indigenous health have emerged, such as chronic non-communicable diseases, environmental contamination, and food sustainability difficulties. Therefore, it is essential to implement public policies aimed at controlling risk factors within communities, expanding access to health services, and strengthening vaccination campaigns, in order to prevent new outbreaks of COVID-19 and other vaccine-preventable diseases in the villages
- ItemMapeamento e qualificação dos processos na fase pré-estudo de pesquisas clínicas de iniciativa do patrocinador em um hospital universitário(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-05-21) Silva, Vanezia Gonçalves da; Primo, Cândida Caniçali; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5141-2898; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4739920753105018; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6667-580X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7952708165492137; Silva, Dayde Lane Mendonça da; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5653-7411; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0510866008516545 ; Barcelos, Mara Rejane Barroso; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7288-9468; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0607193448491008; Comarela, Carolina Fiorin Anhoque; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0855-596X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6438307084587108Introduction: Federal university hospitals are characterized by the complexity of their organizational structure, which encompasses multiple interdependent processes focused on care, teaching, and research. In the context of clinical research, this complexity is accentuated due to the multiplicity of responsibilities and stakeholders, institutional interfaces, and operational flows involved in conducting studies. When such processes are not properly defined and articulated, they can lead to rework, inefficiency, and compromise scientific and administrative results. Objective: To analyse the institutional processes that comprise the pre-study phase of sponsor initiated clinical research at a university hospital. Method: This is an action research study based on the need for collective knowledge construction. Professionals from different areas who worked on clinical research protocols at the university hospital participated in the study. The theoretical framework was supported by a scoping review on clinical research management, which guided the development of process mappings and a guidance manual for the pre-study activities. The development and validation of these products took place through six seminars, recorded in audio and video, transcribed, and submitted to Bardin’s categorial and lexical analysis using IRaMuTeQ software to identify challenges in conducting research. Results: The technical products – process mapping and manual – represent practical contributions, as they offer a structured basis for organization, clarity of responsibilities, optimization of flows, and ethical and legal compliance. Academic productions such as the scope review and articles, one focused on analyzing the process mapping development and the other on lexical analysis exploring the challenges, can inspire other institutions that encounter similar difficulties in structuring and managing clinical research in public university environments.
- ItemAnálise das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis por HIV e sífilis em migrantes venezuelanas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-06-30) Mocelin, Helaine Jacinta Salvador; Jezus, Sonia Vivian de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0423-8927; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820815379109713; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4826-3355; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761398932271892; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9789-9670; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7637268526665579; Arcêncio, Ricardo Alexandre; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4792-8714; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9149546439669346; Mascarello, Keila Cristina; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4567-487X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8417184843741770; Lopes Júnior, Luís Carlos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2424-6510; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5919501773501977; Calicchio, Maria das Graças de Mendonça Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5516652842952996 ; Vincenzi, Brunela Vieira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2875969853934385Introduction: Brazil still lacks a consolidated national policy for the migrant, refugee, and stateless populations. In most cases, sexually transmitted infections are not considered a health priority, and sexual and reproductive health rights are not guaranteed. Objectives: To analyze the response to sexually transmitted infections (HIV/AIDS) and syphilis among Venezuelan migrants; to synthesize and critically evaluate the evidence from cross-sectional studies that estimated the prevalence of HIV and syphilis among migrant women worldwide; to understand Venezuelan women's perceptions of access to health services, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/AIDS and syphilis in Brazil; and to contrast the perceptions of healthcare managers with those of Venezuelan women regarding access to health services, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/AIDS and syphilis in Brazil. Methods: The thesis follows a structure composed of three articles and one book chapter. To meet the objectives outlined in each manuscript, specific methodological choices were necessary. Thus, the common methodological approach used in the articles is described, while particularities will be detailed later in each article that comprises the research findings. Results: The findings from this thesis reveal a high prevalence of AIDS/STIs and syphilis among migrant women, particularly among pregnant women and sex workers. They also expose the protectionist perspective of healthcare managers regarding the role of the State, which contrasts with the barriers migrant women face in accessing health services. Conclusion: There is an urgent need to develop sexual and reproductive health interventions that are culturally and contextually sensitive to this group of migrant women. Structural barriers to accessing health services—such as lack of legal documentation, language obstacles, fear of deportation, institutional discrimination, and healthcare-related costs—remain significant obstacles to securing essential care for migrant women. Overcoming these challenges requires community outreach strategies grounded in social engagement and the building of trust through culturally competent and gender-sensitive services. Integrating STI prevention into maternal, sexual, and reproductive healthcare services presents a strategic opportunity to optimize early detection and treatment, reduce the risk of vertical transmission, and ensure continuity of care throughout the migration process. It is essential that governments and international organizations acknowledge the impact of restrictive migration laws and exclusionary health policies in exacerbating migrant women’s vulnerability to STIs. Recognizing migrant women as a key population in global STI control efforts transcends public health efficiency and constitutes a matter of human rights and social justice. By aligning health interventions, inclusive policies, and solid scientific evidence, countries can move toward the consolidation of more equitable, responsive, and effective public health systems committed to the principle of leaving no one behind.