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Navegando Doutorado em Saúde Coletiva por Assunto "Addictive Behavior"

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    Dependência de internet, ansiedade, depressão e uso de substâncias psicoativas na adolescência tardia
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-07-27) Bueno, George Nunes; Santos Neto, Edson Theodoro dos ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7351-7719; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5430137427291413; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2682-4214; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9461730986418352; Portugal, Flavia Batista; https://orcid.org/0000000244252627; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1876697154549534; Tavares, Hermano; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6632-2745; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6074429593047006; Viana, Maria Carmen Moldes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0464-4845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4338126917250074; Sarlo, Andressa Reisen; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3916-462X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7553715313970938
    With the increased use of the Internet and new technologies, mainly (or among) younger individuals, it can be seen that adolescents demonstrate a pattern of intense use, spending more and more time daily connected and also using social networks. The Internet can provide benefits, but its overuse can lead to addiction and harm both the social and personal fields of individuals. In adolescence, individuals are prone to various types of mental disorders, such as Anxiety and Depression It is also at this stage that the adolescent seems to be more resistant to the instructions of their parents, with a greater susceptibility to experimentation and possible drug abuse. This thesis aim to verify the association between Internet addiction, sociodemographic characteristics and the pattern of use of Internet and social media. As well as, to verify the association of Internet dependence with Anxiety, Depression, Self-esteem and the use of psychoactive substances in adolescents aged 15 to 19 years, high school students in public and private schools in the Metropolitan Region of Grande Vitória - ES (RMGV- ES). This study is part of a school-based sectional epidemiological survey, carried out between the years 2016 and 2017 from a representative sample of students aged 15 to 19 years enrolled in high school at (RMGV-ES). Interviews were conducted with 2,293 adolescents and the association between Internet addiction test (IAT) with sociodemographic factors, use of psychoactive substances (Area 1 of the Drug Use Screening Inventory - DUSI-R), symptoms of Anxiety and Depression (Hospital Scale for Anxiety and Depression - HAD) and Self-Esteem (Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale - EAR). Statistical analysis involved Pearson's chi-square test and binary and multinomial logistic regression. Associations of Internet addiction were found in adolescents who were in the early grades of high school (p = 0.001), with those who had a head of the family with a low level of education (p = 0.018), who spent four or more hours day browsing (p <0.001) and those who used the Internet every day of the week (p = 0.004). Internet addiction was also associated with the use of Twitter (p-value = 0.040), the subjective reasons for use (p = 0.001) and those who stopped using it for social reasons (p = 0.001). In addition, females were associated with greater chances of presenting anxious symptoms (ORaj = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.11-1.65) and low selfesteem (ORaj = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.00- 3.68), depressive symptoms were more frequent in first-year high school students (ORaj = 1.92; 95% CI = 1.22-3.00) and in public school students (ORaj = 1.43; 95% CI = 1.06-1.93). Internet addiction was also associated with the presence of anxious symptoms (ORaj = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.22- 0.36), depressive symptoms (ORaj = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.42-0.87) and low self-esteem (ORaj = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.50-0.87). The association with the experimental use of alcohol and other drugs was perceived in adolescents of black race / color (ORaj = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.00-1.94) and with probable anxiety (ORaj = 1.39; 95% CI % = 1.09- 1.78). Associations were also found in the abusive users of alcohol and other drugs with the male gender (ORaj = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.00-1.94), the social class AB (ORaj = 1.56; 95% CI = 1 , 05-2.33), work in a paid way (ORaj = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.19-2.04), have probable anxiety (ORaj = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.84-3, 60) and be dependent on the Internet (ORaj = 1.95; 95% CI = 1.49-2.56). In addition, the results showed that the chance of being dependent on psychoactive substances increases when the adolescent is dependent on the Internet (ORaj = 2.16; 95% CI = 1.46-3.20), with probable anxiety (ORaj = 3, 45; 95% CI = 2.08-5.71) and possible depression (ORaj = 1.60; 95% CI = 1.05-2.43). The results demonstrate that there is a need to build public policies that focus on the education of adolescents and family members and on protection with a focus on the most susceptible. Internet addiction is associated with younger teenagers, who spent four or more hours a day browsing and those who used the Internet every day of the week, as well as those who use Twitter, and the subjective reasons for use (leisure and socialization). In addition, there was an association with symptoms of anxiety, depression and low self-esteem, as well as with the use of psychoactive substances