Energia

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http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17604

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia

Centro: CEUNES
Telefone: (27) 3312 1637
URL do programa: https://energia.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGEN

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 130

ABORDAGEM EXPERIMENTAL DA RECUPERAÇÃO DE ÓLEO POR INJEÇÃO DE SOLUÇÕES POLIMÉRICAS
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-09-29) Aiolfi, Cristiano Severo; Guzman, Oldrich Joel Romero; https://orcid.org/0000000157746987; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3981995002595753; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9791817633014124; Meneguelo, Ana Paula; https://orcid.org/0000000262241139; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1800610548349937; Araujo, Jesuina Cassia Santiago de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Polymer flooding is one of the most applied chemical methods for enhanced oil recovery. The technique allows to increase the oil recovery factor in mature fields, so to produce more oil from the explored reservoirs. Therefore, considering the variety of p
ANÁLISE DA APLICAÇÃO DE FERRITAS DE COBALTO EM PROCESSO DE ELETROCOAGULAÇÃO PARA TRATAR EMULSÕES OLEOSAS RESIDUAIS
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-10-27) Vieira, Damaris; Porto, Paulo Sergio da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000264867813; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7140925853660088; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Borges, Raquel Machado; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8119-7092; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6650916642132386; Bacelos, Marcelo Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000000208386839; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3741207242086712
Fossil fuels account for more than 80% of the world's total energy supply. Produced water (AP) corresponds to 98% of all effluents generated in exploration, drilling and production activities. Due to the potential for pollution of the emulsified oil, disposal in water bodies must comply with the required release standards. Among the emerging treatment technologies, this work investigated the application of cobalt ferrites in the electrocoagulation process, in a batch regime, regarding the potential for removal of synthetic emulsified oil. The effect of the factors: distance between electrodes, polarity inversion and ferrite mass were investigated on the removal efficiency. The distance between the electrodes (DE) and the polarity inversion time (TIn) were the significant parameters in the EC process. The presence of the cobalt ferrite factor in the system promoted an increase in the mass gain of the electrode for Tin in 30s. The magnetic separation of the decanted ferrite-oil and supernatant ferrite-sludge set was effective. The percentage of turbidity removal was greater than 96% in all tests. For operating conditions: DE in 1 cm; Tin of 10 s and 0 g of ferrite mass, the TOG removal percentage was 94%.
Análise da co-pirólise do pseudocaule de bananeira e resíduos plásticos por termogravimetria: caracterização cinética e modelagem por redes neurais artificiais
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-27) Nepomucena, Thâmara Vieira; Lira, Taisa Shimosakai de; https://orcid.org/000000022690242X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8699243861996813; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5721-1528; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0749470696531423; Arrieche, Leonardo da Silva; Bacelos, Marcelo Silveira; https://orcid.org/0000000208386839; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3741207242086712; Nariyoshi, Yuri Nascimento
The high oxygen content in bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass may make its use as a fuel unviable. One strategy to mitigate this issue is deoxygenation through co-pyrolysis of biomass with plastic waste. Thus, the general objective of this work was to analyze the co-pyrolysis of banana pseudostem and plastic waste by thermogravimetry. Initially, the results of the chemical characterization indicated polypropylene as the most suitable plastic exhaust for bio-oil improvement, compared to polyethylene, as it contains greater amounts of hydrogen and the absence of oxygen. Subsequently, all parameters used to characterize co-pyrolysis, through thermogravimetric analysis, increased as the proportion of plastics in the mixture increased. This suggests that the initial temperature, maximum mass loss rate, peak temperature, final residual mass, and pyrolysis performance are specific primarily to plastics. Even so, artificial neural networks showed excellent prediction capacity for thermogravimetry data, with brightness coefficients greater than 0.999. The activation energies estimated with the data predicted by the neural networks were very close to those discovered experimentally. Finally, as the main contribution made to the topic of this research and future application of this process, the best conditions presented for the reports: a mixture containing 25% polyethylene mass and 75% banana pseudostem mass, using a heating rate of 30 K/min, and another mixture with 50% polypropylene mass and 50% banana pseudostem mass, using a heating rate of 10 K/min.
Análise da influência da temperatura e do tempo na transesterificação direta da Nannochloropsis oculata para produção de biodisel
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-08-06) Galina, Daiana; Porto, Paulo Sérgio da Silva; Freitas, Rodrigo Randow de; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento; Ribeiro, Daniel da Cunha
Biofuels have several advantages, having the biodiesel a great potential to replace petroleum diesel. Although biodiesel produced from microalgae has several environmental advantages, it presents difficulties to be implemented in the energy matrix of several countries due to its high cost associated to the many stages of the production process. In this way, studies of improvement, or even elimination, of some stages of production are necessary in order to make this process economically viable. The present study has as main objective to analyze the influence of temperature and time variables on biodiesel production through direct transesterification of microalgae biomass of the species Nannochloropsis oculata, identifying the conditions that provide maximum yield of the extract rich in biodiesel. The microalgae were cultured in the laboratory, followed by the extraction and drying of the biomass. The direct transesterification of the microalgal biomass was carried out following the factorial design 32 , whose response variable was the mass yield of the biodiesel rich extract. The higher yield biodiesel was quantitatively characterized in terms of acidity index and qualitatively by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). By means of the experimental method carried out in the present study, it was possible to cultivate microalgae of the species Nannochloropsis oculata and, from the obtained biomass, to produce biodiesel through the direct transesterification reaction. The formation of biodiesel was verified by means of the FTIR analysis, indicating the presence of esters in the final product. Through the statistical analysis, it was possible to identify the significant parameters for this model. The maximum yield points found were obtained under conditions 70ºC and 60min and 110ºC and 60min.
ANÁLISE DA PERFORMANCE DE UM REATOR DE ELETROFLOCULAÇÃO EM BATELADA NO TRATAMENTO DE EFLUENTE À BASE DE TINTA PARA ESTRUTURAS METÁLICAS
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-03-07) Tesolini, Victor de Barcellos; Porto, Paulo Sergio da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000264867813; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7140925853660088; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Oliveira, Flavio Duarte Couto; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Freire, Fabio Bentes; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Muniz, Eduardo Perini; https://orcid.org/0000000205004786; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8285018770645807
In the metal-mechanical and civil construction industries, volumes of effluent from paints applied to metallic finishes are significantly generated. The improper disposal or without adequate treatment of this effluent suggests the study of techniques that
Análise da produção de celulases por fungos utilizando bagaço de cana como substrato
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-03-16) Salomão, Gabriella Soares Borges; Freitas, Rodrigo Randow de; Pinotti, Laura Marina; Pinheiro, Iara Rebouças; Lira, Taisa Shimosakai de
Análise da redução energética e de insumos através da alteração de parâmetros em um cultivo de microalgas
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-03-28) Nascimento, Ronilza; Freitas, Rodrigo Randow de; Porto, Paulo Sérgio da Silva; Lira, Taisa Shimosakai de; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento; Barroso, Márcia Vanacor; Vicente, Maristela de Araujo
Análise de eficiência de um seguidor solar em sistema conectado à rede : viabilidade econômica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-12) Silva, Tiago Venturini da; Celeste, Wanderley Cardoso; Proveti, José Rafael Cápua; Tosta, Marielce de Cássia Ribeiro; Silva, Flávio Barcelos Braz da
Most photovoltaic systems connected to the grid have the characteristic of having fixed support structure. But there are already mobile structures capable of increasing the energy production of the system following the Sun. If the structure of the module were mobile and suffered variations following the movement of the sun, so that the rays incident on it were perpendicular to most of the day, there would be greater production of electric energy due to the maximization of solar incidence. Therefore, this project work consisted in constructing a prototype with 2 drive axles (north-south and eastwest). This movement will be possible with the aid of 2 DC motors 12 V with reduction box that will be controlled by an Arduino Mega 2560 according to the luminosity rate received by the LDRs sensors. The prototype was built with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes to make the project feasible economically. In this way, the structure became light and cooperated in the movement of the two motors that are independent of human interference, allowing to move during the day and return to its original position automatically when there is no light to capture in the beginning of the night. Thus, the prototype built with the solar tracker was 31.45% more efficient than the fixed system. Soon after, the economical feasibility analysis of two grid-connected photovoltaic systems (SFCR), one with solar tracker and another fixed, both with the same dimensions of 1.56 kWp, was projected. Despite the gain of the mobile system, it was verified that the investment is impracticable considering the costs of preventive maintenance in the engine and gears, as well as replacement of parts over 25 years. The net present value is positive and the internal rate of return greater than the minimum rate of attractiveness, since the recovery time of the investment for the mobile system reaches 24 years, 8 months and 11 days, while the fixed system presents the time of return of 15 years and 4 months.
Análise do leito de jorro como sistema de contato para pirólise de compósito PEBD/AL
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014-09-11) Melo, Jardel Leno Zancanella; Bacelos, Marcelo Silveira; Ferreira, Maria do Carmo; Arrieche, Leonardo da Silva; Lira, Taisa Shimosakai de; Pereira, Fábio de Assis Ressel
In the last decade, several routes of waste cartons reusing have been proposed in the literature. Among other recovery processes, pyrolysis of carton residues has been highlighted due to make possible the manufacture of products with high added value, such as paraffin oils and aluminum bars. Recently, the spouted bed has been investigated as a promising reactor for pyrolysis of solids, due to its high rate of thermal exchange. However, in order to occur the pyrolysis appropriately is essential the study about the dynamics of air flow between solid residues in conical spouted bed. Thus, this research aims to analyze the flow of the LDPE/Al composite (in the form of pellets, ds = 2,58 mm) and mixtures of LDPE/Al composite and sand (ds = 2.58 mm) in a conical spouted bed. The experimental data of pressure drop are measured by a differential pressure transducer. These are assigned to an A/D interface, National Instruments. and processed on a computer by data acquisition program developed with Labview 10.0. The data of velocity of air are obtained by frequency inverter, which accompanies the experimental apparatus. The Eulerian model is used to describe the flow of air-solid in conical spouted bed. The equations of the model are addressed using the technique of computational fluid dynamics with the finite volume method, using a structured two-dimensional mesh. Among the tested turbulence models, the k-ɛ model dispersed seems to be appropriate to predict characteristic fluid dynamic behavior of the bed. The CFD simulations are adequate in this case study, underestimating the experimental values, where data for the minimum spouting velocity (Vmj), pressure drop of minimum spouting (ΔPmj) and maximum pressure drop in the bed (ΔPmax) have a maximum deviation of -13.5; -9.5 and -23, respectively. Analyzing the stability of the bed, to use mixtures with LDPE/Al composite mass fraction between 20 and 40% is recommended.
ANÁLISE DO OVERREADING DOS SISTEMAS DE MEDIÇÃO DE VAZÃO DE GÁS NATURAL ÚMIDO COM PLACA DE ORIFÍCIO
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-10-27) Aguiar, Pedro Henrique Vidal; Guzman, Oldrich Joel Romero; https://orcid.org/0000000157746987; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3981995002595753; https://orcid.org/0000000332514594; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Pereira, Fabio de Assis Ressel; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5476118728173549; Lira, Taisa Shimosakai de; https://orcid.org/000000022690242X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8699243861996813; Hunt, Julian David; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
abstract
Análise do potencial do leito de jorro como reator para pirólise da casca de coco : estudo experimental e simulação via CFD
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-01-25) Barcelos, Kamilla Malverdi; Ribeiro, Daniel da Cunha; Lira, Taisa Shimosakai de; Freitas, Rodrigo Randow de; Santos, Kássia Graciele dos
The significant increase in consumption and green coconut water industrialization in Brazil has generated a lot of residues, which extend the environmental problems if disposed an inappropriate way. In the current context of growing concerns about energy issues, the potential of this biomass as a renewable energy source is highlighted. Among the thermochemical conversion technologies of lignocellulosic materials, the pyrolysis technique has received special attention and the spouted bed has been investigated as a promising reactor for this process due to the good gas-solid contact that it provides. However, the fluid dynamics complexity at this equipment remains as the main obstacle for its use. Thus, in order to contribute to the implementation of the spouted bed as pyrolysis reactor, this paper aims to investigate the fluid dynamic behavior of coconut shell and sand mixtures through experimental studies and CFD simulation. The analysis of the data of pressure drop in the bed allowed to identify stable spouted regimes for mixtures with up to 40 mass% of coconut shell. To evaluate the effect of the mass fraction of coconut shell (10, 25 and 40%) and static bed height (6, 8, 10 cm) above the minimum spouting condition, it was performed a statistical analysis using a factorial design 32 with two central points. The influence of the total mass of particles in the bed and the porosity of the mixture above the condition of minimum spouting was observed. The segregation occurred in a subtle way for all experimental conditions and the mixture index deviated more of the ideal at the base of the equipment, with predominance of sand, denser particle, in this region. The Eulerian Granular Multiphase model was used to describe the flow of air- solid in spouted beds and it was adequate to represent qualitatively this phenomenon. However, by analyzing the minimum spouting pressure drop values, it notes that the simulated results underestimate the experimental, with a maximum relative error of - 34,26%. Based on the analysis of the stability of the bed, segregation and the volume fraction of each phase in mixture, the use of mixtures with mass fraction of coconut shell of 25% is recommended in pyrolysis tests.
Análise do potencial técnico do sequestro geológico de CO² na Bacia do Espírito Santo onshore e offshore
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-09-01) Zucatelli, Pedro Junior; Meneguelo, Ana Paula; Silva, Carlos André Maximiano da; Silva, César Augusto Sodré da; Lira, Taisa Shimosakai de; Ribeiro, Daniel da Cunha
According to the Kyoto Protocol, planning an ecologically sustainable future is the greatest challenge of the 21st Century. Current patterns of energy resources and energy use are shown detrimental to the welfare of mankind in the long run. The integrity of essential natural systems is already at risk because of the climate change caused by the intense emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In this context, the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology is a promising activity that aims to reduce the emission of gases responsible by the greenhouse effect and climate change mitigation through CO2 capture, transport and storage in suitable geological formations (saline aquifers, coal reservoirs, oil and gas reservoirs). Therefore, inserted in this context, this dissertation has how objective analysis of the technical potential for carbon capture and geological sequestration of Espírito Santo onshore and offshore basin addressing amenable geologic environments to the application of CCS projects, phases that make up these projects, their investments and operational costs and the development of mathematical modeling for the calculations regarding the storage capability and calculation of estimated financial profitability along with its execution through the sale of extra oil produced by the advanced recovery technique of oil and the sale of carbon credits. For that, this project had how methodological strategy: the exploratory research and review of the literature on the subject, the collection of secondary data, via document analysis, and xx collecting primary data via interviews with experts and participation in national and international congress geared for the theme. Therefore, it is concluded that CCS projects are possible deployment in the state of Espírito Santo, this is because in addition to the geological structure of oil and gas reservoirs in the Espírito Santo basin contribute to good results (as, in most cases, are sandstone reservoirs with presence of seal rock), the potential of saline aquifers and the potential of hydrocarbon fields studied in this dissertation (Golfinho, Inhambú, Fazenda Alegre, Cação, Canapu, Cangoá, Peroá and Camarupim) deserve national recognition; however, the lack of maturity of the private and public sectors, with respect to the management of projects of this nature and their widespread use, prevents the advancement of such technologies in the state of Espírito Santo and therefore in Brazil.
Análise do processamento de rochas ornamentais por meio da caracterização de materiais : contribuições para avaliação do consumo energético
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-05-31) Faria, Rômulo Furtado; Proveti, José Rafael Cápua; Porto, Paulo Sérgio da Silva; Muniz, Eduardo Perini; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento
The state of Espírito Santo has a rich and complex geology, which allows the state to be the main exporter of ornamental stones in Brazil. The abundance of available mineral resources enables regional growth in line with the development of extractive manufacturing. The aim of this study is to contribute to this sector adding value and consolidating the knowledge about the processing of ornamental stones. The objective is to analyze and propose solutions based on energy consumption and material characterization to improve the ornamental stone processing. The methodology used in this study consists in a descriptive research, organized as an exploratory case study. Thirty eight commercial types of ornamental stones were collected. The samples obtained were analyzed using data collected from a multiwire loom that cut the stones, considering the variables: type; time; volume and hardness, since they are important for the calculation of the energy consumption. From the data it was calculated a process factor Fp that takes into account the volume of processed material in function of time. Through the Fp it was possible to determine an equation for energy consumption predictability. The materials that presented the lowest Fp (Ice Flake Fp = 0.548 m³/h), closer to the average (Giallo Imperiale, Fp = 1,59 m³/h), and the highest (Portofino, Fp = 2,40 m³/h), were selected for better analysis. Petrographic analysis, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were done on these selected samples. The results found allow to state that the structural properties of the component materials of the stones are important factors in the calculation of energy consumption. The research enabled technical and academic positive points and the results may be used as support to the ornamental stones processing industry.
Análise do processo de eletrofloculação com eletrodos de alumínio e inversor de polaridade em fluxo contínuo no tratamento de água oleosa
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-08-24) Shonza, Nasibu Samson; Freitas, Rodrigo Randow de; Porto, Paulo Sérgio da Silva; Muniz, Eduardo Perini; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento
Oil production from wells is accompanied by an undesirable effluent called produced water originated from petroleum rocks formation and recovery processes. The disposal of this water is governed by environmental laws to fit the criteria for surface discharge, underground recharge, marine discharge and / or beneficial use, which in turn increases the cost of resource production. Thus, it is essential to find a way that can meet these needs. Hence, theelectroflocculation technique was used to treat oily water effluent in a continuous flow regime in a rectangular electroflocculator, in which the effects of the input variablesflow rate (Q:2 e 6 mL.s -1 ), current density (i = 166.67- 333.33 A.m-2 ) and the distance between the electrodes (D:1e 2cm) were evaluated in relation to the variable response efficiency of oils and grease removal(OGR) during the process. The maximum OGR efficiency reached was 86% in the higher ideal residence time of 24 minutes in the flow rate of Q = 2 mL.s -1 , i = 333.33 A.m-2 and D = 1 cm. The experimental results showed that the established system of continuous flow bench has better operational efficiency at low flow rate, smaller distance between electrodes and high current density, indicating that the flow rate is the main variable that governs the system.
Análise do processo de hidrólise enzimática de eucalipto residual proveniente da indústria de papel e celulose
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-03-28) Margon, Renan Amorim; Pinotti, Laura Marina; Freitas, Rodrigo Randow de; Barroso, Márcia Vanacor; Vicente, Maristela de Araujo; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento; Lira, Taisa Shimosakai de
Análise do uso de um reator de eletrofloculação cilíndrico contínuo no tratamento de água oleosa
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-05-16) Andreatta, Domênico; Dalmaschio, Cleocir José; Porto, Paulo Sérgio da Silva; Silva, César Augusto Sodré da; Muniz, Eduardo Perini; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento; Bacelos, Marcelo Silveira
Análise do uso integrado de eletrofloculador contínuo e coluna filtrante quanto à eficiência de remoção de óleo emulsionado em água
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-08-26) Oliveira, Odilon Junio Gonçalves de; Porto, Paulo Sergio da Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000264867813; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7140925853660088; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Andrade, George Ricardo Santana; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1419428893704446; Morais, Marcilio Machado; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Inadequate management of oily waste causes great environmental pollution in several ecosystems, mainly in aquatic pollution. Many of the conventional methods of separating contaminating oils are expensive and inefficient to remove. Increasingly, the industry needs waste treatment methods that allow the removal of higher percentages of contaminants from effluents. Through the use of a biosorbent, part of these problems can be overcome. Calotropis procera is a plant originally from India and commonly found in some regions of Brazil. Its fruit produces a fiber with oleophilic characteristics, in this way, a filtering column was assembled with the fiber of Calotropis procera as filling. This work aimed to study the efficiency of removing emulsified oil in water through the electroflocculation process associated with the use of this in natura vegetable fiber as a filter element to retain part of the contaminating oily residue. The synthetic effluent was exposed to the electroflocculation process, where aluminum plate electrodes were used as anode and cathode. In this study it was possible to observe that the fiber of Calotropis procera showed to be favorable to the biosorption of flocculated material and oily residue. During the experimental procedures, some of the variations in effluent characteristics were studied, reaching maximum TOG removal results at 97,34 ± 0.62 %, turbidity at 99,56 ± 0,19%, and COD at 93,86 ± 1,0%. In addition, the energy consumption during the treatment process was evaluated, which, adding the consumption by the reactor and the peristaltic pump, varied between 2,24 kWh.m³ at the lowest flow (2 mL.s-1 ) and 0,99 kWh.m³ at the highest flow rate (6 mL.s-1 ). Thus, it was possible to analyze the feasibility of associating the methods, and the use of the filter column with the vegetable fiber provided a lower energy consumption by enabling the treatment of a greater volume of effluent, reaching in the end an average reduction of 55,8 % in the electricity consumption, and 69,69% in the cost of operation when compared to the removal values of the post-reactor samples. The most adequate treatment condition was obtained with the application of Q = 6 mL.s-1 and Tinv = 20 s.
Análise experimental e computacional para extração da máxima potência em aerogeradores de pequeno porte
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2016-02-26) Quintas, Bernardino Joaquim; Rocha, Helder Roberto de Oliveira; Celeste, Wanderley Cardoso; Coura, Daniel José Custódio; Meneguelo, Ana Paula
Análise experimental e numérica do escoamento ar-areia-compósito PEBD/Al em leito fluidizado
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2015-12-15) Freitas, Thaís Magnago; Ribeiro, Daniel da Cunha; Bacelos, Marcelo Silveira; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento; Arrieche, Leonardo da Silva
In the current context in which is endorsed the maximum energy use on recovery routes of solid waste, pyrolysis is a promising technique. In the context of carton packaging waste, this technology is the only one that allows aluminum recovery. In large-scale production, the fluidized bed reactor becomes a promising technique of gas-solid contact system for pyrolysis of polyethylene-aluminum composite (LDPE/Al). However, it still needs a better understanding of polyethylene-aluminum particles fluid dynamics in fluidized bed. In this sense, this study aims to analyze the fluid dynamics behavior of composite (ρs = 1039 kg/m³, ds = 550 µm) and sand (ρs = 2567 kg/m³, ds = 550 µm) particles in fluidized bed in order to contribute to the application of this reactor in pyrolysis of carton packaging waste. To achieve that goal, fluid dynamics tests are carried out to obtain experimental data of pressure drop and bed height as functions of air velocity. A multifluid Eulerian model with granular flow extension is used to simulate the multiphase flow using computational fluid dynamic. The minimum fluidization velocity is obtained through experimental characteristic curve and equations from literature. Its values decrease as the mass fraction of composite in mixture increase, with experimental values of 0,32; 0,30; 0,28; 0,24; 0,22 and 0,13 m/s for systems operating with sand, mixture 1 (95% sand), mixture 2 (90% sand), mixture 3 (80% sand ), mixture 4 (70% sand) and composite, respectively. Restricted to the conditions studied, the flow patterns present in polyethylene-aluminum and sand fluidization are: fixed bed, bubbling fluidized bed and slugging fluidized bed. For the fluidized bed operating with mixtures of composite and sand the segregation phenomena is undesirable and only occurs for low air velocities. The Syamlal-O’Brien (1989) parametric momentum exchange coefficient was appropriate to perform the polyethylene-aluminum flow in fluidized bed. The fluid dynamic behavior investigation of these mixtures in fluidized bed is a fundamental step to determine the ratio of sand and composite and optimal operating conditions to be used in the pyrolysis of these waste.
ANÁLISE HIDRODINÂMICA NUMÉRICA DE CUPONS EM VASOS AGITADOS MECANICAMENTE
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-09-03) Borges Junior, Donizette; Ribeiro, Daniel da Cunha; https://orcid.org/0000000336901938; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8563308324482367; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0709-4105; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6464551557072676; Siqueira, Renato do Nascimento; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8397-8180; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9791817633014124; Loureiro, Bruno Venturini; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9792-8168; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4763904267889432
Onshore hydrocarbon sources are becoming increasingly scarce and, with that, easily accessible reserves, increasingly challenging solutions and technologies. Among the intrinsic challenges to production in this type of reserves, inorganic incrustation stands out as the biggest one. Laboratory-scale stirred tanks with rotating cages (RC) have been qualified for the study of fouling kinetics. In this work, an agitated vessel with rotating cage and unconventional radial impeller (MQ2021) was proposed, in which we sought to model numerically (CFD) and experimentally the hydrodynamics inside the tank, to map the formation of vortices and the influence on the flow. The experimental test for analysis of the formed vortex was carried out in two manufactured tanks, one in accordance with the ASTM G170 standard and another replica of the original tank, but without a viewing window and without an impeller. for the CFD simulations, they were performed in software ANSYS CFX. 15.0 adopting the k-omega SST model (Shear Stress Transport) as a closure for turbulence and validated with the results of the article by Vera et al. (2017). The viewing windows do not influence the flow, the absence of the impeller impairs the incrustation kinetics. The ASTM G170 tank parameters proposed in this work for the study of scale kinetics.

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