Doutorado em Oceanografia Ambiental
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Doutorado
Ano de início: 2007
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE(Portaria MEC Nº 609 de 14/03/2019) Publicação no DOU em 18/03/2019 Seç. 1, Pág. 63. Parecer CNE/CES nº 487/2018, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51).
Periodicidade de seleção: Anual
Área(s) de concentração: Sistemas Costeiros e Marinhos
Url do curso: https://oceanografia.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGOA/detalhes-do-curso?id=1469
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- ItemBiogeoquímica de lipídios em sedimentos da Foz do Rio Doce após a chegada dos rejeitos da barragem de Fundão(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023/08/23) Resende, Jéssica Sonaly da Silva; Pereira, Ricardo; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7737-3206; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1751528202763089; Rodrigues Neto, Renato; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0803-4435; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1931267781220159; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7454-5415; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6626101672950113; Tognella, Mônica Maria Pereira ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1521-8251; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4839030389862403; Barroso, Gilberto Fonseca; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4886-4890; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8505958970169325; Combi, Tatiane; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6769-7445; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5971387012451773; Madureira, Luiz Augusto dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0888323328934131Environmental studies focused on understanding the origin of organic matter (OM) have been widely addressed in coastal ecosystems, especially with constant anthropic interference, making them more vulnerable. Tools known as molecular markers have become effective as they indicate the occurrence of a specific source or processes. In this study, the organic compounds Aliphatic Hydrocarbons (AHs), Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Sterols, which are widely used to help understand the origin of sedimentary organic matter (SOM), were analyzed. Doce River Mouth (DRM) was directly impacted by the biggest environmental accident involving iron ore tailings, which released about 60 million m3 of tailings into the Doce River channel with the rupture of the Fundão dam, causing major environmental and social impacts. In order to understand how the arrival of the mud has been influenced the sediments of the DRM two short cores were collected in August 2017 (dry winter period), and samples of surface sediments from 15 stations distributed by the DRM were collected in 4 campaigns (August 2017 and 2018; and February 2018 and 2019) to understand the influence of seasonality on biogeochemical processes involving these organic compounds. Results of environmental parameters such as: %TOC, %TN, C/N and molecular markers widely used to evaluate possible sources of organic matter, such as Aliphatic Hydrocarbons (HAs) as well as the δ13C from specific chains of n-alkanes, PAHs and sterols are discussed. The results found for the cores showed that fine grains predominated, n-alkanes indicated an increase in the contribution of terrestrial OM with depth, PAHs showed moderate pyrolytic contamination, with a predominance of compounds with high molecular weight (HMW). The fecal sterol concentrations showed that the surface sedimentary of the cores had a lower sewage signal than before the mud, that is, a dilution of the sewage by the tailings probably occurred. For surface sediments, the sand fraction predominated, as well as the C/N with indices suggesting autochthonous sources, in the 4 campaigns. The HAs have indices that indicate petrogenic sources, with emphasis on the n-C24 chain with the highest concentration, however there are also other index indicating the contribution of terrestrial vegetation, which may indicate a mixture of sources. PAHs from HMW predominated showing a greater pyrolytic contribution, while sterols show a greater contribution from higher plant sources
- ItemUm ponto de esperança na conservação dos peixes no monumento natural das Ilhas Cagarras e águas do entorno/RJ(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-06-18) Machado, Augusto Alves; Andrade, Áthila Bertoncini ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6310-0127; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0192715307458262; Silva, Mauricio Hostim ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-9125; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7529427825546114; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0062-2435; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1477118850605742; Farro, Ana Paula Cazerta ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3536-1653; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0283101629974718; Bezerra, Natalia Priscila Alves ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5613525779232672; Rolim, Fernanda Andreoli ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3761-3970; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5622964205682915; Teixeira, Larissa Marques Pires ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5885-7777; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4670453859279652Marine protected areas are legally designated spaces that aim to conserve marine environment and its ecosystems services. In this context, the Cagarras Islands Natural Monument (MONA Cagarras) is a no-take zone located at Rio de Janeiro City, RJ. Due to their high species richness and abundance, the Cagarras Islands and the surrounding waters were recognized as a Hope Spot for global marine conservation. Among the forms of life in this region, fish are essential components in tropical marine trophic food web, being important in the dispersion of nutrients and providing food and income for millions of people worldwide. Despite its relevance, the fish fauna of MONA Cagarras has been suffering from severe impacts, such as pollution, overfishing, marine litter, dispersion of invasive species and others. In light of this, the present thesis aimed to evaluate the effects of MONA Cagarras on the conservation of fish fauna. In this study, during the years 2020 and 2022, were carried out samplings on fish communities, marine litter, and non-native species in MONA Cagarras and the surrounding islands using non-destructive techniques. During this period, 576 Underwater Visual Censuses (UVC) and 288 Submersible Rotating Videos (SRV) were carried out inside and outside of the protected areas. In this way, this study recorded through field sampling, bibliographic review and fishing landing data more than 282 fish species, including more than 21 new records for this area. From this total, about the 6% are endemic to the Brazilian province and 10.5% are in one of the IUCN threatened categories. Furthermore, the results highlighted plastic as one of the main threats to the health of fish fauna, being the main category encountered in the region. This study also identified about 15 non-native species, including four new records for the study area. Among them, the Sun Coral was widely reported on the sampled islands and with evidence of causing negative effects on the reef fish community. However, even in this scenario, the median values of fish richness (8,0 – SRV / 12,0 - UVC) and density (70,74 individuals per 100m² - SRV) within MONA Cagarras were higher when compared to the surrounding islands. The Hope Spot recognition itself will not be enough to protect this area, it is necessary to work together between the management of MONA Cagarras and different stakeholders to mitigate negative impacts. Finally, it is expected that the results of this thesis will contribute to improving the environmental quality of MONA Cagarras and that it will become better known and valued by everyone
- ItemAbordagem multiescalar da variação energética de ondas e a resposta de praias de Marataízes, ES(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-03-23) Eguchi, Branco Mateus Murata; Albino, Jacqueline; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2890-9227; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1609264897582182; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9795-780X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6848945037305152; Muehe, Dieter Carl Ernst Heino; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6061-4034; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6017845242163890; Oliveira, Leonardo Azevedo Klumb; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6537-210X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2591010762995842; Oliveira, Kyssyanne Samihra Santos; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2007-1984; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0954756171047598; Souza, Celia Regina de GouveiaHow to deal with the different time and space scales of coastal processes is a major concern in evaluate coastal impacts. In order to better comprehend these processes, it is important to understand the energy input in regional scale, such as waves and tides, and how local coastal features are able to modify this input. Despite the focus on local coastal processes, this thesis is based on series of replicable methodologies, aiming to characterize coastal processes and vulnerability in different time and space scales. First step was to determine oceanographic energy inputs for the whole region, for example, waves, astronomical tide and extreme waves. Moreover, a correlation between extreme waves parameters and the modes of climate variation El Ninõ Southern Oscillation (ENSO) e Southern Annular Oscillation (SAM). The second part of the thesis regarded to determine the effects of local ocean floor morphology on wave energy and how beaches respond to these variations. Also, a coastal susceptibility index was proposed based on wave energy variations and beach responses. Lastly, the impacts of a storm were quantified comparing beach profile changes before and after. Wave climate showed a bimodal pattern with easterly waves related to good weather and southeasterly waves associated to storms. Extreme waves presented significant height and duration of 1,72 m and 48 h, respectively. The highest values of extreme wave energy, duration and quantity occurred during neutral phase of ENSO and negative phase of SAM. In contrast, the lowest values occurred during the positive phase of both modes simultaneously. Easterly waves showed a pattern of energy increase of 30% as they propagate from deep to shallow waters. Waves coming from southeast also presented an increase of wave energy, but of only 9%. In general, all post-storm beach profiles showed no major impacts. In conclusion, extreme wave season begins in July and peaks in September. Extreme waves change from highly energetic and lasting, in early season, to more frequent but briefer, late in the season. Wave energy dissipation at shallow waters occurs differently along the coast. In the long term, beach profiles may not be able to resist to storm impacts.
- ItemManguezal como sumidouro para ferro e alumínio: Estudo de caso para Rhizophora mangle L.(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-03-28) Barcelos, Ully Depolo; Tognella, Mônica Maria Pereira; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1521-8251; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4839030389862403; https://orcid.org/0000000349335912; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3257223055821971; Kuroshima, Kátia Naomi; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4261-9878; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8537824513641643; Oliveira, Viviane Fernandez de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9071-758X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1166036864087415; Martins, Agnaldo Silva; https://orcid.org/0000000321601326; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9929035189946817; Ghisolfi, Renato David; https://orcid.org/0000000196956442; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3746397954560718Mangroves are highly productive and resilient environments. However, anthropogenic pressures associated with natural stressors cause this resilience to decrease. Trace metals are among the main anthropogenic pollutants affecting mangroves. Mangrove forests are considered to be sinks for these pollutants because of their capacity to retain them in the sediment and in the vegetal biomass. This work was developed from the ex situ cultivation of Rhizophora mangle L. seedlings cultivated in different concentrations of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al). This thesis is composed of three chapters. The first evaluated the effect of Fe on the development, growth and physiology of Rhizophora mangle seedlings. At the end of the experiment a reduction in photosynthetic performance, reduced leaf production was observed at the highest concentration (315 μmol L -1 ). The higher the concentration of the metal in the culture medium the higher was the bioaccumulation of Fe in the plant biomass, being the roots responsible for the highest accumulation. The second chapter analyzed the morphological and physiological responses of R. mangle seedlings in different Al concentrations. Seedlings exposed to excess Al showed a reduction in photosynthetic performance and reduction of root biomass. The roots were also responsible for the higher accumulation of Al in relation to the aboveground part. This similar response for both metals suggests that the species has defense mechanisms to prevent the entry of metals especially when they are in high concentrations, such as the ultrafiltration process. The results presented show the plasticity of the species in dealing with stressors. The third chapter aimed to define sample and plot sizes in ex situ experiments using R. mangle propagules. Morphological parameters (fresh mass, length, basal middle and apical diameter) of propagules collected at the natural mouth of the Itaúnas river estuary in six different seasons were used. Initially, descriptive statistics were performed along with linear correlation measures and normality test, sample sizing and optimal plot size (top) methodologies were defined. For experiments that do not involve experimental design (i.e. sun and shade) the amount of propagules used is determined by bootstrap interval estimation where N is defined as a function of tolerated errors around the mean. The Hatheway method should be used to determine the optimum plot size for the installation of experiments in Completely Randomized Design (DIC) and Randomized Block Design (BCD). The number of seedlings per plot will be defined as a function of the number of treatments, repetitions and assumed precision. This definition of sample size and plot size is important because there is no standardization of the same in in situ and ex situ experiments with mangrove seedlings.
- ItemREGISTROS ESTRATIGRÁFICOS E MORFOLÓGICOS DA VARIABILIDADE EUSTÁTICA E PALEOAMBIENTAL PÓS-ÚLTIMO MÁXIMO GLACIAL NA PLATAFORMA CONTINENTAL LESTE-SUDESTE DO BRASIL(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2022-07-04) Cetto, Paulo Henrique; Bastos, Alex Cardoso; https://orcid.org/0000000212721134; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2951081353357019; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Silva, Cleverson Guizan; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Vital, Helenice; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Albuquerque, Ana Luiza Spadano; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Jovane, Luigiabstract