Mestrado em Filosofia
URI Permanente para esta coleção
Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 2008
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC Nº 609, de 14/03/2019). Publicação no DOU 18 de março de 2019, seç. 1 - Parecer CNE/CES nº 487/2018, Processo no 23001.000335/2018-51). Publicado no DOU 28/07/2005, seção 1, página 11)
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Filosofia
Url do curso: https://filosofia.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGFil/detalhes-do-curso?id=47
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- Item“Pois quem pode viver sem ter desgostos que vá vivendo”: suicídio e raça no contexto da necropolítica(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-01-25) Santana, João Paulo Olivio; Nascimento, Daniel Arruda; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9251-2457; Oliveira, Lúcio Vaz de; Costa Filho, WilliamThis dissertation aims to philosophically reflect on the relationship between race and voluntary death represented in its variants, of suicide and self sacrifice. To do so, among other approaches to the theme, decolonial philosophy has been chosen as a reference point for this dissertation. Two philosophers of the decolonial school have fueled reflections on the issue: the Martinican psychoanalyst and psychiatrist Frantz Fanon, who contributes through his critique of French colonialism, largely grounded in the Hegelian Master-Slave Dialects; and the historian and philosopher Achille Mbembe, who contributes with notions that permeate his work on necropolitics. Following the distinctions between the thoughts and approaches of the authors, this work sought to understand them through two different perspectives: that of race though the experience of the slave, in which we contemplate the relationship between the slave system, represented in the figure of the slave owner, and the slave as it was analyzed in the light of the Hegelian-dialectic interpreted by Fanon in Black Skin, White Masks; and that of race through necropolitics, in which it was perceived that suicide serves necropower as any other death, such as its seen in Achille Mbembe’s essay Necropolitics, and insofar as necropower aims to eliminate racialized populations.
- ItemContribuições de Nietzsche para uma crítica ao fascismo contemporâneo(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-19) Russini, Elias Henrique Madeiri; Viesenteiner, Jorge Luiz; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3727-7890; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Paula, Wander Andrade de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Burnett Junior, Henry MartinThe present work has the aim to answer the following question: would be fascism the most perfect form and contemporary of ascetic ideals? It concerns showing and comprehensive critique of ascetic ideals in Nietzsche, mainly the negative dimension and ‘market-related’, like appearance in section 26 of chapter three. In this way, the different nuances and economic metaphors found in the second and third dissertations were explored to be able to account for the most diverse representations of the ascetic ideal. With that, to capture the market dynamics found in the logic of ascetic idealism, an attempt was made to analyze it from a dialectical standpoint. Having made this first clash with the concept, the theme of this research shifted to understanding how the ascetic ideal was transported in contemporary times in the form of fascism.
- ItemO erro de Espinosa: um estudo sobre a sua questão sobre o suicídio(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-07-12) Rocha, Tarcísio Diego da; Oliveira, Lúcio Vaz de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8035-4228; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Santiago, Homero Silveira; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Pinheiro, Ulysses; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/The core of this study is to investigate and debate the most significant requirements for understanding the question of suicide in Spinoza’s philosophy. For him, suicide would be impossible, and this thesis is based on one of his most basic ontological conceptions: substance cannot cause its own non-existence. This point of view extends to finite modes, which, although determined, are, unlike substance, not necessary. Under Spinoza’s strong determinism, every entity in duration is endowed with a universally applied principle of selfpreservation. Therefore, there could be no internal principle of self-destruction, since all destruction should stem from something out of the individual or thing. Thus, suicides would be considered impractical. In this way, there is a strong conflict between this systematic philosophy and observable experiences. The Dutch philosopher argues that an extended individual is a composite of several other smaller individuals sustained by a structure, just as the mind is a composite of several (related) ideas. Both the composite body and the composite mind are inexorably determined. Spinoza rejects the thesis of free will and denies freedom to the act of suicide, because, he says, the human being cannot be an empire within an empire. However, in the course of Ethica, Spinoza himself seems to gradually soften his excessively strong, deterministic theses from the Pars Prima forwards. Although he doesn’t explicitly acknowledge it, in at least one of his explanatory models in E IV, prop. 20, esc., in which he reports three cases of self-caused deaths, particularly in the case of Seneca, Spinoza tacitly grants some freedom to the agent, since the suggested solution that Seneca was coerced by mental representations to kill himself seems insufficient. We conclude that Spinoza’s philosophy of action makes significant contributions to the discussion of suicide by rejecting supernatural determinations and prejudices, replacing it by the axis of causal investigation of natural causes, which, we suggest, may include intra-human causes. On the other hand, we seek to challenge the theory, which we consider flawed, that no one can wish to die. We argue that Spinoza’s error lies in the universality and unfailing character of the conatus and in the conception of suicide as an impossible act. Suicide is considered by Spinoza to be a logical chimera from the point of view of understanding, conceivable only through the same kind of knowledge that leads us to imagine talking trees.
- ItemO bando soberano, o abandono e a fome : uma análise a partir de Giorgio Agamben(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-11-27) Nicoli, Sabrina Augusto; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/Based on the conceptions of the philosopher Giorgio Agamben, especially in the first Homo Sacer of the philosophical project, Il Potere Sovrano e La Nuda Vita, this text seeks to understand abandonment based on the sovereign decision. Schmitt's decisionism was developed in the midst of the philosopher's political activism during Nazism, the regime that produced the Musselman, the true witness. In this text, a detailed study will be made of the Musselman, as well as his relationship with the homo sacer of Roman Law and the wargus, coming from the Salian Franks through the Salic Law. These analyzes will be the basis for exposing some phenomena of abandonment. Judith Butler brings a critique of bare life that becomes universal, ending up understanding that it is in precarious life that true abandonment occurs. The sovereign band opens the field and another power emerges beneath the precarious life, also subjugating it. One of the characteristics of sovereign power is to seek to regulate aspects ofsociety such as life, death, purchasing power, and also hunger. Hunger will be studied in consideration of Ramón Turró's theses, but as a desire for desecration, which places limits on sovereign power over life
- ItemA Interpelação de Althusser no Teatro do Direito Burguês(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-02-26) Fialho, Noêmia Amélia Silveira; Bazzan, Marco Rampazzo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1194-8289; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1141684502513379; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3358014375968600; Morfino, Vittorio; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2749306963173611; Viparelli, Irene; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3569280333087469In 1970 Althusser presents his theory of Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses as an ongoing research that aims to study the reproduction of bourgeois society in the twentieth century. To emphasize its material existence, the philosopher maintains that ideology challenges individuals in subjects. It presents the questioning of a policeman to any individual on the street as a theoretical scene precisely with the aim of illustrating the concrete functioning of ideology. Our research aims to study the figure of interpellation, on the one hand, deepening its metaphorical value through the Althusserian theorization of the materialist theater, and, on the other, questioning its critical force before the concepts of representation and subject of law based on the ideological dimension of the "Political State Apparatus". This study has as its firm point the centrality that Althusser recognizes to the legal ideology for the dominant ideology in bourgeois societies. This is because it is on the basis of bourgeois law that the subject embodies the determination of exchange value and has the ideals of equality and freedom grounded on the basis of exchange relations. The notions derived from the legal ideology also support the production of the political State Apparatus, as Althusser describes it in the 1976 Notes on the ISA, and support its reproduction, since political representation is legitimized because those represented are considered free and equal to elect their representatives (the ideological dimension of the social pact). Thus, citizens are, ultimately, considered authors of the acts practiced by the one who represents them (author-actor dialectic).