Perdas por evaporação e arraste em sistemas de irrigação por aspersão fixa
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Data
2016-07-22
Autores
Galote, Jean Karlos Barros
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The search for information on evaporation losses and wind drift (PEAV) in fixed
sprinkler irrigation system allowed the use of bibliometrics for the dissemination of
existing information on research related to Brazilian educational institutions, referring
to PEAV sprinkler small and medium businesses. Surveys were conducted in
journals indexed in the ISI, Scorpos, Sciello, Google Scholar, using as sources of
access "PERIODIC CAPES" and Google Scholar. As a research method was used
keywords sprinkler, wind drift losses, evaporation, modeling, spray, evaporation
losses, drag the wind and drift, as the main focus of the study, which may be
contained in the titles and summaries or specified. The results were processed in a
multidimensional database that allows, by means of statistical analysis, generating
historical indicators of the subject. Being identified 7 articles published from 1999 to
2013, involving 8 educational institutions and Brazilian research and 28 authors. With
water resources becoming increasingly scarce, due to climatic adversities of the past
decade the efficient use of water through irrigation becomes essential to modern
agriculture, given the constant climate changes, switching the water regimes, and
increasing need of conscious and sustainable use of water. Agriculture is responsible
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for much of its use and waste and even in well-managed irrigation systems, losses
are inherent depending on local weather conditions. Knowledge of sprinkler operating
characteristics and atmospheric conditions (wind, relative humidity, air temperature,
and the vapor pressure deficit) in the area for irrigation allows the suitability of a more
efficient system. The losses occur due to evaporation of sprayed droplet, and the
wind drift. Based on the above objective of this work performance analysis,
quantifying the loss of water by evaporation and wind drift the sprinklers: Zm "8503,
Plasnova© MC-20, Asperjato© Junior NY12, operating on the service pressures 155,
207, 258 and 310 kPa, irrigation interval of 60 minute, at different working hours
(04h00min, 12h00min, 21h00min) covering the dry and wet periods of the year and
had different weather conditions. The observed values were compared with the
values estimated by empirical methods proposed by Yazar (1984), Trimmer (1987),
Tarjuelo et al. (2000), Playán et al. (2005) and Beskow et al. (2011). For the field
tests verified losses from 0.0 to 64.7%. The losses vary with an average of 18.3%.
For the time of 4h00min losses ranged from 0.0 to 25.1% for the time from 12h00min
ranged from 9.7 to 64.7% and the time of 21h00min ranged from 0.0 to 17.7% . The
empirical models used did not obtain good fits, with confidence indexes and
performance (c) ranging from "very poor" (c < 0.40) the "average" (0.61 < c <0.65).
The model proposed in this work to the sprinkler MC20 presented (c) 0.89, for the
sprinkler NY12 (c) was 0.96 for the sprinkler ZM8503 (c) was 0.92, being classified
as "great" (c > 0.85).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Uniformity , Efficiency , Uniformidade , Bibliometrics , Eficiência
Citação
GALOTE, Jean Karlos Barros. Perdas por evaporação e arraste em sistemas de irrigação por aspersão fixa. 2016. 33 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura Tropical) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, 2016.