Mestrado em Agricultura Tropical

URI Permanente para esta coleção

http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/17347

Nível: Mestrado Acadêmico
Ano de início: 2010
Conceito atual na CAPES: 4
Ato normativo: Homologado pelo CNE (Portaria MEC nº 656 de 22/05/2017) Publicação DOU em 27/07/2017, Seç. 1; Pag. 36. Parecer 288/2015
Periodicidade de seleção: Semestral
Área(s) de concentração: Agricultura Tropical
Url do curso: https://agriculturatropical.ufes.br/pt-br/pos-graduacao/PPGAT/detalhes-do-curso?id=1079

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    Tecnologia de aplicação com aeronave não tripulada no manejo da sigatoka na cultura da banana
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-09-02) Schaeffer, Maickel Lucas; Vitória, Edney Leandro da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-6037; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5385859254036142; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9976-2379; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3112391509157438; Fernandes, Adriano Alves; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5016-0745; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4927918119791381; Oliveira, Ednaldo Miranda de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1182-7623; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5438678030553977; Araújo, Rychardson Rocha de; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2500-0923; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8834429015420309
    Banana farming is strategically important for Brazilian agribusiness, with Espírito Santo standing out as a key production hub. However, fungal leaf diseases such as Sigatoka spp. severely compromise productivity, requiring efficient chemical control. Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) emerge as a promising alternative to traditional application methods, offering greater precision and lower environmental impact. This study aimed to define the optimal flight configurations (application rate and droplet size) for aerial spraying via RPA in 'Prata' banana plants, seeking to optimize droplet deposition and Sigatoka control. The experiment was conducted in Linhares, ES, using a randomized block design with five replications in a 4×3 factorial arrangement: four application rates (8, 10, 12, and 14 L ha⁻¹) and three droplet sizes (180, 240, and 300 μm), employing a DJI Agras T40 RPA at 4.5 m height and 20 km h⁻¹. Deposition was assessed using water-sensitive papers and PVC tags, while disease control was evaluated using systemic fungicides (groups C2 and G1), applied monthly for three months, with weekly post-application monitoring following Stover’s methodology. Results showed that the 14 L ha⁻¹ rate provided 120% greater coverage than 8 L ha⁻¹, while 240 μm and 300 μm droplets performed similarly, surpassing 180 μm droplets by 45%. The 8 L ha⁻¹ rate resulted in 46.06% lower droplet density than 14 L ha⁻¹, with 180 μm and 240 μm droplets producing 21.73 droplets cm⁻² (55.7% higher than 300 μm). Regarding drift potential, the combination of 12 L ha⁻¹ with 300 μm droplets showed the lowest Drift Risk Potential (DRP) and higher Dv0.1, indicating fewer ultra-fine droplets. The Volumetric Median Diameter (VMD) was directly influenced by nominal droplet size, with 12 L ha⁻¹ + 300 μm showing less than 14% variation, indicating greater stability and lower drift risk. The most efficient deposition was achieved with 10 L ha⁻¹ + 240 μm. For Sigatoka control, the treatments 14 L ha⁻¹ + 300 μm (77.2% relative efficacy), 8 L ha⁻¹ + 300 μm (74.6%), and 8 L ha⁻¹ + 240 μm (68.9%) stood out, maintaining consistent performance over time and ranking among the top five in integrated temporal efficacy. In conclusion, the interaction between operational parameters significantly influences application quality and disease control, with specific combinations optimizing coverage, deposition, and drift reduction.
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    Precisão experimental com mudas de eucalipto de acordo com o tamanho ótimo de parcela
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-07-31) Tognere, Jasmyn; Arantes, Sara Dousseau; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-4153; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6966978781439168; Schmildt, Edilson Romais; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-7997; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3599-4431; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1217527327115286; Vitória, Edney Leandro da; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-6037; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5385859254036142; Santana, Enilton Nascimento de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-0515; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2422824511849628
    The coefficient of variation is a widely used statistical measure to express experimental precision in agricultural and forestry studies, as it allows for the comparison of relative variability among different traits. However, the traditional classification of the coefficient of variation, proposed by Pimentel-Gomes, presents significant limitations, particularly due to its generalist nature and its failure to consider fundamental aspects such as the type of variable evaluated and the size of the experimental plot. This fixed approach may lead to misinterpretations regarding the quality of experiments, especially when applied to different crops or specific experimental conditions. In light of these limitations, a new classification of the coefficient of variation is proposed, which is better adapted to the context of experiments involving eucalyptus seedlings at the dispatch stage. Eight morphological traits were evaluated in seedlings of six eucalyptus clones (144, 224, BA7346, CO1407, TP361, and GG100), totaling eight thousand and two hundred units. The estimation of the optimal plot size was conducted using the modified maximum curvature method with bootstrap simulation, a method widely recognized for its capacity to identify the point at which the addition of experimental units ceases to provide significant gains in precision. The values of the coefficient of variation obtained were subsequently analyzed according to the data distribution. For variables that presented a normal distribution, a classification based on means and standard deviations was used; for variables with a non-normal distribution, a methodology based on the median and pseudo-sigma was adopted. The results showed that the behavior of the coefficient of variation as a function of the number of plants per plot is non-linear. As the number of plants increases, the required values of the coefficient of variation to classify the data within ranges of low variability become more stringent, correctly reflecting the reduction in experimental error. This variation in behavior was also influenced by the nature of the morphological trait evaluated, which reinforces the inadequacy of fixed and generalist classifications. The new proposal presented classification ranges with well-defined transitions between classes and greater adherence to the variability observed in real data. Moreover, the proposed methods proved to be more effective than the traditional model by considering the data distribution, thus providing greater sensitivity in the evaluation of experimental precision. Therefore, the proposed approach constitutes a more appropriate statistical tool for the reality of forest nurseries, contributing to increased reliability of experiments and to improved criteria for the evaluation of eucalyptus seedlings at the dispatch stage
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    Fitorremediação de solos contaminados com zinco por plantas ornamentais Zinnia elegans Jacq. e Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC.
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-04-22) Piassi, Juliana Zambom; Pires, Fábio Ribeiro; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6534-3475; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5930035056050041; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5596-6374; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129164238730704; Gontijo, Ivoney; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4251-4689; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8496861046570150; Viana, Douglas Gomes ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6257-0461; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1062203728832824
    Phytoremediation is a sustainable and low-cost technology for the decontamination of areas polluted with heavy metals, such as zinc (Zn). Although the use of ornamental plants in phytoremediation is promising, it is still poorly reported. Therefore, aiming to explore the use of ornamental plants in the phytoremediation of Zn, this work was structured in two stages, each composing a chapter of the dissertation. In the first stage, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to investigate the state of the art in phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals using ornamental plants. A quantitative survey on the topic (2004-2024) was performed using the Scopus database, and the software SigmaPlot and VOSviewer were employed to create graphs and connection maps. The results revealed an increase in research on this subject, with 100 documents published, highlighting scientific contributions from China, India, and Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research stood out as the most influential journal, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences emerged as the leading research institution. In the second stage, the performance of Zinnia elegans Jacq. (zinnia) and Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala DC. (ornamental kale) was evaluated in sandy and clay soils contaminated with Zn. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted, one for each soil type, using a randomized block design in a 5x2 factorial scheme. Treatments consisted of four Zn doses plus a control (0, 50, 100, 300 e 450 mg dm-3), applied as ZnSO4·7H2O, and two plant species, with four replications. Morphological attributes, phytotoxicity, pigments, and Zn in the soil and plants were evaluated. The increase in Zn doses negatively affected the production of shoot and root biomass in the plants. Both species were not efficient in extracting Zn from the soils. Ornamental kale showed greater tolerance to Zn stress
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    Pré-melhoramento da amendoeira para as condições do norte do Espírito Santo
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-02-27) Bonelá, Édlen dos Santos; Czepak, Marcio Paulo ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5727-6727; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5560696413338919; Schmildt, Edilson Romais ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3457-7997; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0648502408490406; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8935-9826; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9293885137589656; Altoé, Jalille Amim; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1433-3709; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1448633584712408; Schmildt, Omar ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6813-2152; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7357949702839126
    The almond tree (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb.) is a crop of great economic and food relevance in various regions of the world, especially in Mediterranean climate regions. In Brazil, despite its global importance, commercial almond tree cultivation has not yet been registered. The objective of this study was to carry out the preliminary improvement of the almond tree, through investigations that characterize the crop and assess its behavior in tropical conditions in the north of Espírito Santo, with a focus on the adaptation and performance of plants propagated by different methods. The work is structured into four chapters that address different perspectives of this research. Chapter 1 presents a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production on almond tree cultivation, using the Scopus platform to identify research trends, leading producing countries, and the areas of greatest scientific focus. The analysis of 1,160 articles published between 2003 and 2023 revealed the predominance of publications from Spain, the United States, Iran, Italy, and Turkey. The keyword analysis revealed key themes, including genetics, breeding, and water stress. The bibliometric analysis proved to be an effective quantitative tool for understanding the status of scientific research related to almond tree cultivation, providing insights and references for research in the field. In Chapter 2, the adaptation of the almond tree to the tropical climate was evaluated through different propagation methods: seminiferous 1 (almond xi seedlings obtained from seeds), seminiferous 2 (seedlings obtained from seeds with lateral branches removed), and grafting (branches from seminiferous 2 grafted onto the 'Okinawa' rootstock). The results showed that plants propagated by grafting presented better survival rates, height, and stem diameter, highlighting that the use of the 'Okinawa' rootstock was effective in adapting the almond tree to the tropical climate. Chapter 3 addressed the modeling of the leaf area of the '70' almond tree clone, aiming to understand the plant's physiological performance. Twelve mathematical equations (linear, quadratic, power, and exponential) were adjusted and compared to estimate the leaf area based on the leaf dimensions: length (L), width (W), and the product of length and width (LW), using the R software. The quadratic equation, based on the product of length and width, presented the best fit, validated by the root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) closest to zero, and the Willmott agreement index (d) closest to one, with the equation given by LAE = 0.0865 + 0.6517LW + 0.0015LW². In Chapter 4, the genetic diversity of almond trees in the northern Espírito Santo was evaluated, considering the effects of vegetative propagation through cloning and seed propagation on plant development and disease resistance. A total of 226 individuals were analyzed, including 64 cloned and 162 seed derived plants. Variables such as the number of shoots, the number of shoots above 100 cm, height, stem diameter, and the incidence and severity of the "bullet hole" disease were measured. Genetic parameters estimated included environmental variance, experimental coefficient of variation, phenotypic variance, genetic variance, broad-sense heritability, genetic coefficient of variation, and variation index. The analysis allowed for the identification of genotypes with greater size and lower disease susceptibility, highlighting their suitability for propagation and use in breeding programs. Through pre-breeding studies, the viability of almond cultivation and its adaptation to the tropical climate of northern Espírito Santo was confirmed, particularly with the use of the ‘Okinawa’ rootstock. These results represent an initial step in the selection of adapted genotypes, paving the way for future research of almond cultivation in Brazil
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    Tecnologia de aplicação simulada de herbicidas em condições operacionais
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-06-28) Rossi, Matheus Torezani; Vitória, Edney Leandro da ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2268-6037; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5385859254036142; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0417-1079; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5624425229400025; Barreto, Marcelo da Silva ; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8401-1804; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6994332479076630; Nascimento, Adriel Lima ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3545-7508; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1643549937144945
    Espírito Santo is the highlight among the Brazilian states producing conilon coffee (Coffea canephora), with about 80% of national production. The occurrence of spontaneous plants and/or weeds in agricultural crops is notorious. Among the herbicides used to control these plants, glyphosate is the active ingredient, one of the main non-selective herbicides used to control weeds in coffee plants. The objective of the first chapter was to use the bibliometric review as it is a planned method, which makes it possible to collect, select and critically analyze the studies. A search was carried out on the Scopus platform with the terms in English: “control*”, weeds*, drift* and glyphosate*. From these records can be obtained between 1992 and 2022, they were selected and analyzed by the VOSviewer software. Highlighting Brazil, the country that publishes the most regarding the researched terms, this is due to the fact of its great worldwide representation in coffee production. The objective of the second chapter was to evaluate which tip and which application rate are favorable for the parameters, density, coverage, DMV, and droplet deposition. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm of the Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, at the Federal University of Espírito Santo, in a randomized block design with treatments distributed in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with three spray nozzles and three application rates, four replicates per treatment. The BD11002 tip, when used at any application rate, resulted in very thick drops, not being a good option, as it had a high flow rate of the syrup. The JDF06 tip, regardless of the application rate, provided better distribution of the product on the target, therefore, being the best option for application