O direito à educação na Região Metropolitana da Grande Vitória/ES: análise da participação da União na oferta do ensino médio
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Data
2018-03-01
Autores
Pazolini, Michele
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The Federal Constitution of 1988 consigned the education as a social right of
subjective public meaning, granting its offer as an obligation and, in this sense,
establishing its offer a compulsory character and, thus, determined that the Brazilian
Federal State is responsible for ensuring to all citizens, aging from 4 up to 17 years
old, the conditions for the admission, continuity and quality. The inclusion of the
Constitutional Amendment 59/09 includes, in practice and unprecedently, the
secondary school in the right to education, as it gathered this school stage to the
sphere of gratuity and obligation in a universal manner. Without denying the division
of federal competences regarding the school offer, in addition, considering the
necessity of the realization of the collaborative regime, as well as the auxiliary and
supplementary function of the Union in terms of the warranty of that right, we
analysed the efective participation of the Union in offering the high school level in
the Metropolitan Region of Great Vitória/ES (MRGV). Methodologically, making
reference in a cuali-quantitative empiric logic, we tried to carry out a documental
analysis (through an investigation based on a data collection); in loco visit and
semistructured interviews, in order to evince the participation of the Union, in a
direct sphere, through the offer of the high school level integrated to the Federal
Institutes in the MRGV and, in an indirect sphere, through the Professionalized
Brazil Program in Espírito Santo (ES). In this paper, we noticed that, in the MRGV,
out of the 82.937 resident young students, aging from 15 up to 17 years old in the
year 2.010, only 42.499 were enrolled in high schools, whereas 14.126 were out of
school and the rest were still in the fundamental school level. In this context, the
most current data (2014) indicated that the participation ot the Union in the offer of
the high school level corresponded to only 1,4 % in Brazil, 4,4% in Espirito Santo
and 1,6% in the MRGV of the total enrolments. To stimulate the offer of the high
school level, through direct actions, the Union estabilished the Profissionalized
Brazil Program, which aimed at offering the high school level integrated to the
profissional education. However, in ES, the covenant estabilished to build 4 schools
(only one in the MRGV), having a inicial cost of around 22 million reals, being 99%
of this amount sponsored by the Union, were not concluded. Therefore, the
participation of the Union in offering the high school level in Espirito Santo, through
a direct via, along with Ifes network, has shown to be negligible and its participation
through an indirect via, by means of the Profissionalized Brazil Program,
estabilished with the State public power and with the support of the municipality, did
not succeed. It demonstrates that the division of competences and the
implementation of the federal cooperation, in practice, have not been enough to
ensure the right to access the high school education.
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Palavras-chave
Right to Education , Right to High School Education , Profissionalized Brazil Program , Direito ao ensino médio , Programa Brasil Profissionalizado.