A influência da varanda envidraçada de edificações verticais na propagação do incêndio
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Data
2023-03-21
Autores
Thomaz, Joao Paulo Borges
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The environments of Brazilian buildings undergo constant modifications regarding their use, whether due to chronological, marketing or social issues. In this context, the veranda has characteristics that have changed over the course of Brazilian architectural periods. From a supporting element to a main element, the balcony contributes to the social interaction of the residents, improves the conditions of thermal comfort and lighting, also playing a fundamental role in buildings when it comes to fire safety, and can be a protection element in the development of the environment. fire, when it creates a barrier that postpones the transition of flames, whether vertically or even horizontally. The trend towards glazing balconies has become an obstacle to maintaining the safety of buildings against flames, as closing this environment increases the use of previously unforeseen elements such as furniture, electrical equipment and others that increase the fire load of the environment and reduce security measures such as compartmentalization. Given the above, the main objective of the research was to analyze the influence of the glazed balcony on the vertical propagation of flames in residential buildings. The methodology was based on simulations of generic models using fire compartmentalization indices applied in the norm of the Military Fire Brigade of ES. In order to optimize the computer simulation process, the tool used was the FIRE DYNAMICS SIMULATOR FDS program, with scenarios defined by the current standard. After configuration, the computer simulation was carried out on two models, one with an open balcony and the other with glazing on the balcony, both models complying with the premises of the horizontal partitioning standard. The analysis of the results showed that when subtracting compartmentalization indices, the evolution of the flames develops between 3 and 4 times faster than in the standard model. Furthermore, there was a need for contrasting revisions of compartmentalization rules and inspection of the maintenance of these measures, as well as constant requalification of tests on a real and computational scale in order to maintain the safety of people and property.
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Varanda , Envidraçamento , Incêndio , Compartimentação vertical , Edifícios residenciais verticais , Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS)