Associação entre a leucose enzoótica bovina e a mastite
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Data
2017-02-23
Autores
Almeida, Sayanne Luns Hatum de
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL) in addition to causing economic losses leads to important changes in immunity. This end up compromising the response aga inst other pathogens, thus increasing the chance of developing other concomitant disease s, mainly infectious diseases, among them mastitis. The objective of the presen t study was to evaluate whether there is an association between EBL and mastitis, in addition to determining the prevalence of EBL and mastitis in dairy cows in the Caparaó reg ion, south of Espírito Santo State. 899 crossbred dairy cows were used in d ifferent stages of lactation coming from properties located in the 12 municipalities th at compose the region of Caparaó Capixaba, in the south of Espírito Santo. The detection of clinical mastitis was performed by identifying the clinical signs of inflammation in the ma mmary gland and by the test of the black background mug and subclinical mastitis was diagnosed by the CMT (California Mastitis Test) test. The diagnosis of EBL wa s performed using the agar gel immunodiffusion technique (A GID ). The results were tabulated and the prevalence was demonstrated through descriptive a nalysis. Statistical analysis of Spearman's correlation coefficient was performed to ve rify the degree of correlation between presence of mastitis, clinical mastitis, presence of subclinical mastitis and EBL. Associations between dependent variables (mastitis, clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis) and the independent variable ( EBL ) were estimated by the ratio of Odds Ratio (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals. The chi- square test was used to verify the significance of the associations. The prevalence for EB L found in Caparaó was 56.51% (508/899). Of the 70 properties, 94.29% h ad at least one positive animal for the disease. The presence of clinical and subclinica l mastitis was observed in 5.78% (53/899) and 44.27% (398/899) of the eva luated animals, respectively. A total of 61.24% (253/418) of cows with mastitis and positive for EB L were found. Mastitis ( ? = 0.088, p = 0.008) and subclinical mastitis ( ? = 0.091, p = 0.006) showed a significant positive correlation with leukosis at the 0. 01 level of significance. While clinical mastitis ( ? = 0.077, p = 0.021) showed a positive correlation with leucosis. The Odds Ratio (OR) ranged from 1,101 - 1,874, 1,099 - 3,74 5 and 1,109 - 1,893 for mastitis, clinical mastitis and subclinical mastitis respectively. That is, Bovine Leukosis virus (BLV) infection increases the chances of the infected animal acquiring mastitis, clinical or subclinical mastitis. It was observed in this study that animals with EB L are about 2.03% more likely to acquire clinical mastitis, and 1.45% more likely to acquire subclinical mastitis. In view of the data obtained, it is possible to conclude that BLV is widely distributed in the dairy herds of Caparaó Capixaba region and the prevalence of mastitis is high. In addition, it has been found that EB L may increase the animal's chances of acquiring mastitis, be it in its clinical or subclinical form.
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Bovine Leukosis Virus , Dairy cows , Epidemiology , Epidemiologia , Vacas leiteiras , Vírus da Leucose Bovina