Trabalho em saúde sob o olhar de quem cuida: experiência das profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário sob o contexto da COVID-19
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Data
2023-12-05
Autores
Demarchi, Stephania Mendes
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
In Brazil, there are more than 2.5 million nursing professionals, and the profession is structured into four categories: nurse, nursing technician, nursing assistant and midwife. Nursing is a profession with multiple applicability, as it involves assistance, public health, prevention and health promotion. The Covid-19 pandemic has overwhelmed nursing, a profession that is mostly female. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to identify the experiences of nursing professionals at a university hospital in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: This research is based on a qualitative and descriptive approach. 40 female nursing professionals were interviewed. We chose to use interviews with a semi-structured script and Bardin's content analysis. This is research with a qualitative and descriptive approach, semi- structured interviews were carried out, questions were applied that involve the intended scope of the interview. The objective of the interview was to obtain individual perceptions from the interviewees on the topic studied. The research location was a large public hospital. To achieve the objective, nursing professionals were interviewed, valuing the subjects' point of view, their experiences and perceptions in relation to their activity. Self-writing was brought as a theoretical-methodological element, and we chose the interview and field diary as instruments. Hannah Arendt was the author used to reflect on the narrative of women and health workers, because, despite women moving from the private to the public sphere, they were able to access the public world, that is, they now had the right to see and be seen, to speak and be heard, and listening to them is still a challenge in current times, especially their experiences as workers, caregivers, women. Given this, it was decided to work with the narrative which, according to Arendt, allows reflection on the paths of experience. RESULTS: In this way, the pandemic unmasked the difficulties that nursing professionals face in their work routine. There were countless challenges caused by the pandemic mentioned by nursing workers, such as: dealing with an unknown disease, problems with the use of personal protective equipment (whether excessive use or lack thereof), deaths, lack of professionals and structure, management ineffective or dehumanized behavior, changes in routine, family or social withdrawal and harassment or prejudice. Furthermore, in relation to working women who had children under their care, four thematic categories were found: 1- domestic work and the difficulty of reconciling this with work in the hospital; 2- motherhood: being a mother and a worker during the pandemic period; 3- the multiple shifts, overload and loneliness of working women; and 4- the naturalization of practices and discourses. CONCLUSION: We must, as a society, rethink the quality of life of this group composed mainly of women, as in the face of inequalities in gender roles, it was concluded that they became even more evident during the period of the Covid-19 pandemic, when women were still more burdened with tasks related to taking care of the home and children, in addition to the increased work demands of the research subjects, nursing workers. Given the challenges faced by nursing workers, in this research, we realized, through reports on their daily lives, that these women face numerous factors that can compromise their physical and mental health.
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Palavras-chave
Mulheres trabalhadoras , Enfermagem , Pessoal de saúde , COVID-19 , Trabalho