Fatores associados ao risco para transtornos alimentares e alimentação emocional na população adulta com TDAH
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Data
2025-04-29
Autores
Silva, Gabriela Grillo da
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Introduction: The characteristics of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) may contribute to the development of eating disorders (EDs) in this population, in addition to their frequent engagement in emotional eating. Objective: To assess the risk of EDs and emotional eating, as well as their associated factors, in the adult population with ADHD residing in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória (RMGV). Method: The study included individuals aged 18 to 59 years with a medical diagnosis of ADHD. Data were collected through an online questionnaire using self-administered instruments, which included sociodemographic, clinical, lifestyle, nutritional status, and self-compassion score assessments. ED risk was evaluated using the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), while emotional eating was assessed using the "Emotional Eating" subscale of the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire – reduced 21-item version (TFEQ-R21). Data analysis was performed using JASP software, version 18.3. Results: A total of 151 individuals participated in the study, 68.7% of whom were female. The median age was 25 years, and most participants did not live with a partner. The median and interquartile range of the EDE-Q score assessing ED risk was 2.32 (2.41). Regarding the emotional eating score, the value was 50.00 (44.44). Each 1-point increase in BMI was associated with a 0.053-point increase in ED risk (p = 0.005). Conversely, each 1-point increase in the self-compassion score was associated with a 0.339-point decrease in the EDE-Q score (p = 0.009). Engaging in dieting practices was also linked to an increased risk of EDs. Mediation analysis revealed that emotional eating mediates the relationship between these variables and ED risk. When analyzing the factors associated with emotional eating as an outcome, higher BMI, dieting practices, marital status, and the presence of comorbidities were found to be predictors of increased emotional eating in this population. Conclusion: Higher BMI and dieting practices are associated with increased ED risk, whereas self compassion appears to be a protective factor. Emotional eating mediates the relationship between these variables and ED risk. Additionally, higher BMI, dieting practices, marital status, and the presence of comorbidities are predictors of increased emotional eating in this population.
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Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade , TDAH , Adultos , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Autocompaixão , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity , ADHD , Adults , Feeding and Eating Disorders. Self-Compassion