Mestrado em Nutrição e Saúde

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    Dietas low carb e low fat e parâmetros cardiometabólicos em participantes do estudo longitudinal de saúde do adulto – ELSA-Brasil
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-06-24) Azevedo, Leticia Batista de; Martinez, Oscar Geovanny Enriquez; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4561-122X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0493747317645178; Molina, Maria del Carmen Bisi; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8614-988X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9238370951122705; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7810-0621; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7792347811592236; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2266-6113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7931552401781397; Pereira, Taísa Sabrina Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5922-7424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6842932234822212
    Introduction: Chronic noncommunicable diseases are responsible for approximately 74% of global deaths and are strongly associated with unhealthy dietary patterns. Dietary strategies such as low-carb (LCD) and low-fat (LFD) diets have been studied for their potential benefits on cardiometabolic health. Objective: To evaluate the association between adherence to LCD and LFD diets and cardiometabolic outcomes in participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil), with three specific objectives: (1) to identify sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle factors associated with adherence to LCD and LFD; (2) to analyze the longitudinal association between LCD and cardiometabolic parameters in individuals with and without diabetes; and (3) to investigate the association between adherence to a LFD and variations in waist circumference (WC) in participants of the ELSA-Brasil cohort. Methods: Cross sectional (2008–2010) and longitudinal (2008–2010 and 2017–2019) analyses, whose baseline comprised 15,105 adults aged 35 to 74 years. Information was obtained through interviews, clinical, laboratory, and standardized anthropometric examinations. Dietary intake was assessed by the Food Frequency Questionnaire, with classification of DLC (<45% carbohydrates) and DLF (<30% total fat and <10% salty foods). Logistic and quantile regression models were used, adjusted for sociodemographic and behavioral variations, extensions in the SATA Software version 16.0, statistical significance at p<0.05. Results: Adherence to DLC was higher among individuals with overweight (OR = 1.35), larger waist circumference (OR = 1.45 in men), and former smokers (OR = 1.32 in women). Adherence to DLF was lower among non white individuals (OR = 0.71 in women), ≥52 years (OR = 0.59), and with low physical activity (OR = 0.57 in men). Adherence to DLC over a mean of 9 years among individuals without diabetes was associated with reduced insulin (β = –0.33 µIU/mL), HOMA-IR (β = –0.11), and HOMA-B (β = –4.95), despite the level of increase in BMI. Among individuals with diabetes, greater reductions in HOMA-IR (β = –1.25) and insulin (β = –3.61) were observed. Finally, sustained adherence to DLF (14.4% of the sample) was associated with protection against WC gain, particularly in individuals with a greater tendency to accumulate abdominal adiposity. Conclusion: Adherence to DLC and DLF was associated with improved cardiometabolic indicators, especially insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk. The effects were observed even with moderate adherence and varied according to sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics.
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    Distribuição de fluidos corporais na dinâmica do ângulo de fase durante diferentes fases da perda de peso induzida pelo bypass gástrico
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-07-03) Brito, Beatriz Bobbio de; Lopes, Andressa Bolsoni; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1244-5667; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0097480808041638; Haraguchi, Fabiano Kenji; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1019-8888; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7280084109670510; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6616-4994; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9622656389526243; Lopes Júnior, Luís Carlos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2424-6510; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5919501773501977; Amaral, Joana Ferreira do; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8415-6333; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2800287239112001
    Introduction: The phase angle (PhA) is underexplored in severe obesity and after bariatric surgery, despite being a relevant indicator that reflects bodily and cellular changes during weight loss. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics of the phase angle (PhA) and identify the factors associated with body composition over a 12-month period following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. Material and Methods: Analytical observational retrospective cohort study with male and female patients who underwent RYGB, with body composition assessed at four time points: before surgery and at 2, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Data were analyzed using the Friedman test with a significance level of 5%. Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression were also performed. Results: From a large screened cohort, 60 patients completed the full longitudinal analysis. PhA values decreased after RYGB and stabilized over time. Weight, BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, fat-free mass, and total body water significantly decreased at each assessment point (p<0.05). PhA values were associated with the extracellular-to-intracellular water ratio (ECW:ICW ratio) at the postoperative time points (p<0.05). Conclusion: PhA values tend to decrease initially after RYGB, followed by later stabilization, with the ECW:ICW ratio being the main determinant in the postoperative period. However, given the complexity of severe obesity, other factors may also influence PhA in the preoperative period, highlighting the need for a multifactorial interpretation and future analytical studies.
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    Sintomas depressivos em indivíduos transgêneros e cisgêneros : um olhar comparativo sobre os fatores associados
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-28) Silva, Beatriz Souza; Guandalini, Valdete Regina ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2266-6113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7931552401781397; Rocha, Jose Luiz Marques ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0783-5807; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7179771155975755; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0669-896X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Bonomo, Larissa de Freitas ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1272-5717; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7165040970220720; Cunha, Alexandre Cardoso da ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1428-3465; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3009607087061911
    Introduction: Transgender individuals have some level of gender incongruence, which in turn is characterized by psychological discomfort caused by the discrepancy between their gender identity, sex assigned at birth, and/or physical appearance. Transgender identity is commonly associated with social stigma, structural vulnerabilities, and increased chances of developing depressive symptoms. In this sense, this study aimed to analyze the factors associated with depressive symptoms in transgender individuals and compare them with those observed in cisgender individuals living in the state of Espírito Santo
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    Mioesteatose, prognóstico e toxicidade no câncer de mama: revisão sistemática e metanálise de estudos de coorte
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-10-11) Silva, Naira Marceli Fraga; Silva, Daniela Alves; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7396-2305; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8746390821689463; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2266-6113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7931552401781397; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4083-7297; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9954703258572316; Lopes, Andressa Bolsoni; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1244-5667; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0097480808041638; Miola, Thais Manfrinato; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6554-6923; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6374905455557335
    Myosteatosis is associated with a variety of negative outcomes in oncology, but in patients with breast cancer (BC) the results have been conflicting. Therefore, we sought to critically analyze the evidence on the association between myosteatosis, overall survival, progression/disease-free survival and adverse treatment events in BC. The review was conducted and reported according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Two independent reviewers screened, selected, and assessed the records. Sixteen studies were included. Myosteatosis affected between 13 and 61% of the patients evaluated and the protocols for its analysis were heterogeneous and generally reported incompletely. The analysis of current data did not support the hypothesis of a relationship between myosteatosis in women with BC and overall survival (HR: 1.04; 95%CI 0.98-1.11; p=0.23; I²=64%) or disease/progression-free survival (HR: 1.15; 95%CI 0.91-1.45; p=0.24; I²=73%). In addition, the results on adverse events were not uniform, which prevented them from being analyzed together. Finally, these results highlight the urgent need to establish minimum parameters for the analysis of myosteatosis, as well as the need to develop new studies to confirm the absence of these associations or the possible influence of assessment methods on the results obtained.
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    Fases do estresse e indicadores antropométricos e bioquímicos em servidores da segurança pública
    (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-05-17) Kubit, Daniella Messa; Barbosa, Míriam Carmo Rodrigues ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7868-572X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7938843376850281; Rocha, José Luiz Marques ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0783-5807; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7179771155975755; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7870-4919; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7987090873821016; Cattafesta, Monica ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8973-622X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2141574621632334; Lipp, Marilda Emmanuel Novaes ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9118-3169; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8212253580046633
    Introduction: Stress can be classified into three phases: alertness, resistance, and exhaustion. Each phase has its own physiological changes that can impact body composition and biochemical exams of stressed individuals. Public security servers (SSP) are considered more vulnerable to stress due to the inherent demands of their profession. Therefore, this population segment faces health impacts of stress, which can directly affect professional performance. Objective: To evaluate the association between perceived stress and anthropometric and biochemical indicators in PSS in Espírito Santo. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional observational study with analyses of serum biomarkers, evaluations of body composition, and stress phases using the Inventory of Stress Symptom (ISSL). Descriptive analysis was stratified by stress phases, with categorical variables presented through relative and absolute frequencies assessed by Pearson's chi-square test. Continuous variables were presented through measures of central tendency (mean and median) and measures of dispersion (standard deviation and interquartile range), according to the normality test. Linear regression models were used to test associations between dependent variables and stress phases. Analyses were conducted using SPSS® software version 25.0, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The final sample (n=264) was predominantly composed of men (73.6%), with a median age of 40 years, self declared as mixed race (49.0%), working in the metropolitan region of the state (81.9%), in internal services (59.2%), and with completed high school or technical education (65.4%). When evaluating stress levels, 48.1% of PSS were identified as stressed, with 22.8% in the resistance phase and 25.1% in the exhaustion phase. A higher proportion of stress was observed in females (60.3%) (p<0.05). The resistance phase showed a positive association with body fat percentage (β=0.149; IC95%: 0.236 – 5.859), central body fat (β=0.188; IC95%: 0.327 – 4.128), total body fat in kilograms (β=0.165 IC95%: 0.153 – 7.210), and visceral fat (β=0.181; IC95%: 0.273 – 3.862) even after adjustment for confounding variables (p<0.05). Furthermore, the exhaustion phase showed a negative association with total cholesterol (β = -0.163; IC95%: 28.316 - -1.190), LDL-c (β = -0.156; IC95%: -21.946 – -0.125), and percentage lymphocytes (β = -0.224; IC95%: -6.410 – -1.343). On the other hand, this phase was positively associated with Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio (β = 0.255; IC95%: 0.176 – 0.669) and segmented percentage (β = 2.728; IC95%: -1.058 – 6.595) (p<0.05). Conclusion: The resistance phase of stress is associated with body fat accumulation. On the other hand, the exhaustion phase demonstrates associations with biochemical markers involved in lipid metabolism and the immune system, highlighting the different impacts of stress on SSP