Mestrado em Nutrição e Saúde

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A qualidade da alimentação e fatores antropométricos, socioeconômicos e de saúde em crianças de 7 a 9 anos de idade
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-11-20) Paixao, Fernando Barbosa de Souza; Barbosa, Miriam Carmo Rodrigues; https://orcid.org/000000027868572X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7938843376850281; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9130-3354; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5633128660004637; Abreu, Luiz Carlos de; https://orcid.org/0000000276182109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6796970691432850; López, Pilar Montero
A dietary pattern characterized by high consumption of ultra-processed foods, sugary beverages, and low intake of natural foods has been observed among children. These changes in dietary quality and a sedentary lifestyle are proposed as key etiological factors contributing to childhood obesity and weight-related chronic diseases. A diverse and high-quality diet is considered effective in reducing the risk of childhood overweight. Therefore, it is crucial to apply methods to assess diet quality and identify other factors that may influence weight gain in children. Understanding how these variables affect children's health and food choices can guide the development of future interventions for this population, ultimately improving their quality of life and contributing to the cultivation of healthy adults. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between diet quality and anthropometric, socioeconomic, and health factors in children aged 7 to 9 years. Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted among children aged 7 to 9 years. Data on socioeconomic status, anthropometric measurements, sleep habits, screen time, and dietary habits were collected. Descriptive data analysis was performed, followed by inferential analyses using the Chi-squared test and multinomial logistic regression. Results: A total of 336 children aged 7 to 9 years were evaluated, comprising 157 (46.7%) boys and 179 (53.3%) girls. Regarding diet quality, 109 (32.4%) children had a low-quality diet, 135 (40.2%) had a moderate-quality diet, and 92 (27.4%) had a high-quality diet. A statistically significant difference was found between screen time and diet quality for both boys and girls (pvalue 0.010 and 0.025, respectively). Multinomial logistic regression revealed that boys with appropriate screen time had a 7.54 times higher chance of having a high-quality diet, while girls had a 3.26 times higher chance. Conclusion: Children's diet quality may be influenced by screen time. However, diet quality was not associated with BMI and other variables. Further studies are needed to better investigate how prolonged exposure to electronic devices may affect the food choices of these children and promote weight gain.
A relação entre o ângulo de fase e a melhora do estado anti-inflamatório de indivíduos submetidos à gastroplastia redutora em Y de Roux
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-08-28) Gomes, Amanda Cristina Araujo; Lopes, Andressa Bolsoni ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Haraguchi, Fabiano Kenji ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Nunes, Karolini Zuqui ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Rossoni Júnior, Joamyr Victor ; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Introduction: Obesity leads to a state of chronic inflammation, characterized by an increase in inflammatory cytokines and infiltration of immune cells in adipose tissue, which can contribute to cellular dysfunction. Phase Angle (PA) is a non-invasive measurement derived from electrical bioimpedance, which has been associated with cellular integrity and metabolic health, and may therefore reflect inflammatory changes in response to weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between phase angle and parameters indicative of inflammatory status in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Methodology: Prospective, observational study carried out with 23 volunteer patients from the Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Program at a University Hospital. Participants were assessed at three points in time: preoperatively, approximately one month before surgery (T0) and postoperatively, approximately the 2nd (T1) and 6th (T2) months after surgery. Body weight, BMI, waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FF), fat-free mass (FFM), % weight loss, PA, serum concentrations of C-Reactive Protein (CRP), acid alpha-1-glycoprotein (AGP), adiponectin, Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α) and resistin were analyzed. The data was statistically analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - SPSS, version 21.0. The Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to test the normality of the data, analysis of variance for repeated measures (ANOVA or Friedman test) and Spearman or Pearson correlations between PA and biochemical parameters and body parameters. A significance level of p<0.05 was adopted. Results: There was a significant reduction in body weight, BMI, MG, GLM, WC and PA over the time points, with different values for body weight, BMI, WC and MG between the time points (p<0.001). The percentage of weight loss was higher at T2 (p<0.001). All the biochemical parameters evaluated decreased significantly over the time points, with serum concentrations of AGP, CRP and resistin decreasing at T1 (p<0.05), while serum concentration of TNF-α decreased only at T2 (p<0.05). Serum adiponectin concentration increased from T1 onwards (p<0.001).A negative correlation was observed between variations in serum adiponectin concentrations and variations in PA values throughout the study (r=-0.480, p=0.027) and a negative correlation between serum adiponectin concentration and BMI (r=-0.264, p=0.038) and MG (r=-0.277, p=0.029) values, regardless of time. A positive correlation between serum TNF-α concentrations and BMI (r=0.338, p=0.004) and MG (r=0.335, p=0.004) values was also observed, as was the presence of a positive correlation between serum resistin concentration and MG values (r=0.245, p=0.042). Conclusion: The data suggest that smaller reductions in PA may be associated with an improved anti-inflammatory state during weight loss after BS.
Ácido úrico e fatores de risco cardiovasculares no final da infância e início da adolescência
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-10-01) Peçanha, Marcos Alves de Souza; Barbosa, Miriam Carmo Rodrigues; Faria, Eliane Rodrigues de; Pereira, Taísa Sabrina Silva; Leopoldo, Ana Paula Lima; Oliveira, Elizabete Regina Araújo de; Leopoldo, André Soares
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between uric acid and cardiovascular risk factors at the end of childhood (8-9 years) and early adolescence (10-14 years), of schoolchildren in the region of Maruípe in the municipality of Vitória-ES. This is a cross-sectional, observational, convenience study with 296 children and adolescents, of both sexes, from 9 public schools in the city of Vitória-ES. Anthropometric, hemodynamic and biochemical assessments were performed (Fasting of 12 h), blood collection was used to determine fasting glycemia, plasma insulin, total cholesterol and fractions (HDL and LDL), triglyceride plasmatic (TGC), uric acid (UA), plasma insulin, C-reactive protein and total leukocytes. Insulin resistance was evaluated by calculating the HOMA-IR index. Measurements of weight, height, waist circumference (WC), hip perimeter (HP) and body fat percentage (%BF) were obtained. In the evaluation for uric acid, the values above the 90 percentile were considered high according to each phase and sex. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, chi-square test or Fischer exact test, Mann Whitney test, Pearson or Spearman correlation, and simple and multiple logistic regression models. The significance level adopted was p < 0.05. The project was approved by the Ethics Committee on Research with human beings of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (Opinion n° 1.565.490) and the term of free and informed consent was signed by the participants and their guardians. It was observed that the sample consisted of 54,4% (n = 161) Females, with mean age 10,7 ± 2,0 years and 54,0% (n = 159) were adolescents. When assessing the prevalences of anthropometric inadequacies and body composition according to the uric acid classification according to the phases, both in childhood and adolescence, overweight, WC, HP, waist-to-height ratio (WHR) and excess body fat showed higher prevalence in relation to elevated uric acid, and in biochemical and clinical alterations. In childhood, significance was manifested in HDL, insulin and insulin resistance, and in adolescence with blood pressure, LDL, insulin and insulin resistance. The correlation between uric acid levels and body composition, biochemical and clinical, were moderate in childhood with weight, WHR, HP, %BF, and negatively with HDL. Simple regression in childhood indicated that BMI, WC, HP, WHR, %BF, elevated Homa-IR index and low HDL, and in adolescence BMI, HP, WHR, %BF, blood pressure (BP), LDL and Homa-IR index showed a higher chance of presenting elevated uric acid. In the multiple logistic regression model for removal of the effect, it was observed that no variable remained associated. It was concluded that children and adolescents with elevated uric acid did not present association for cardiovascular risk factors. However, higher uric acid values were noted in the individuals evaluated with inadequate anthropometric and body composition parameters.
Adiposidade abdominal e sua relação com consumo alimentar, estresse e qualidade de vida de profissionais de segurança pública
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2024-04-10) Silva Neto, Luiz Claudio Barreto; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador3; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Co-orientador4; ID do co-orientador4; Lattes do co-orientador4; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador2; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 4º membro da banca; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 5º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 6º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; 7º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Abdominal adiposity is a public health challenge that affects public safety personnel exposed to high levels of stress. This complex interaction between psychological and social factors can trigger adverse responses in the body, with a significant impact on quality of life. The main objective of this study was to evaluate abdominal adiposity and investigate its association with food consumption, stress levels, biochemical variables as well as quality of life in public security agents. This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 216 public safety personnel in the state of Espírito Santo. To assess symptoms of stress, food consumption and quality of life, the Stress Symptom Inventory (ISSL), the Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire (QFCA) and the WHOQOL-bref were used, respectively. Statistical analyzes included chi-square tests, Mann Whitney tests, Poisson regression and multiple regression models (95% CI). There was a prevalence of overweight among public safety personnel (67.8%). It was observed that agents with a higher body mass index (BMI) had an increased prevalence of abdominal adiposity, indicating a significant association between these variables (PR: 3,35 [IC95%: 3,4-5,52; p=0,001]). Furthermore, those with greater adherence to the consumption of ultra-processed foods also showed a higher prevalence of abdominal adiposity(PR: 1,68 [IC95%: 1,51- 2,47] p=0,007. Stress symptoms were associated with a 64% increase in the risk of greater abdominal adiposity, while greater adherence to ultra-processed foods demonstrated a 10% increase in the risk of abdominal adiposity. These results highlight a bidirectional relationship between stress and abdominal adiposity, highlighting the importance of stress and the consumption of ultra processed foods in increasing the risk of abdominal adiposity. Such factors can have metabolic and systemic impacts, resulting in a deterioration in the quality of life of these professionals, highlighting the urgency of interventions in this population
Análise de métodos diagnósticos para rastreio da sarcopenia e adiposidade abdominal em mulheres com câncer de mama não metastático
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-20) Souza, Vanusa Felício de; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; https://orcid.org/0000000322666113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7931552401781397; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0997-0903; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8267236210367155; Lopes Junior, Luis Carlos; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5919501773501977; Rossoni, Carina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0988742003384372
During treatment for breast cancer (BC), there can be a loss of strength and muscle mass and a reduction in physical performance, defined as sarcopenia. Another change observed is an increase in body adiposity, especially visceral adipose tissue (VAT), which is associated with worse clinical outcomes in this population. Given these implications, this study aimed to: 1. compare the diagnostic accuracy of SARC-CalF and SARC-CalF with calf circumference (CC) adjusted for body mass index (BMI) in assessing the risk of sarcopenia; 2. evaluate the association between anthropometric and imaging measures of central adiposity in women with BC. This is a cross-sectional study of women diagnosed with BC within 12 months and aged over 30 years in outpatient care. The risk of sarcopenia was assessed using the SARC-F, SARCCalF and SARC-CalF questionnaires with CC adjusted for BMI. Abdominal adiposity was assessed by waist circumference (WC) and VAT, obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Anova, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were applied for the bivariate analyses. Spearman's correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression models were applied to verify the association between WC and VAT with reference to age group. The significance level adopted was 5%. Considering SARC-F ≥2 as a reference, SARC-CalF showed a sensitivity of 9.10%, specificity of 81.4%, AUC of 0.86 [(0.79 - 0.93); p <0.001]. The SARC-CalF with CC adjusted for BMI showed a sensitivity of 41.8%, specificity of 83.1% and AUC of 0.70 [(0.60 - 0.80) p<0.001]. When EWRS-F ≥4 was used as a reference, SARC-CalF showed a sensitivity of 16.6%, specificity of 75.0% and AUC of 0.84 [(0.77 - 0.91); p<0.001]. The SARC-CalF with CC adjusted for BMI showed a sensitivity of 55.5%, specificity of 79.4% and AUC of 0.80 [(0.69- 0.91) p<0.001]. There was a strong correlation between WC and VAT in adult women (r= 0.83; p= <0.001) and elderly women (r=0.70; p= <0.001). VAT was also correlated with appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) (r= 0.51; p= <0.001), percentage body fat (%BF) (r=0.73; p<0.001) and BMI (r=0.78; p<0.001). WC correlated with ASMI (r= 0.60; p<0.001), BMI (r= 0.84; p<0.001) and %BF (r= 0.84; p<0.001). After adjusted models, WC remained associated with VAT in adults (β= 2.60; CI= 1.31-3.87; P= <0.001) and elderly women (β = 1.70; CI= 0.43-2.97; p= 0.010). This study showed that the SARC-Calf with CC adjusted for BMI has a better predictive capacity for assessing the risk of sarcopenia and the WC proved to be a reliable indicator and a safe alternative to the VAT for identifying visceral fat in BC women, and both are simple, fast and non-invasive.
Ângulo de fase como marcador de lipoperoxidação durante a fase rápida de perda de peso de indivíduos submetidos à gastroplastia redutora em y de Roux
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-08-28) Almeida, Leandra de Aguiar; Haraguchi, Fabiano Kenji; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; Paula, Heberth de
Introduction: Obesity is associated with a high morbidity and mortality rate. To reduce the risk of mortality and control the associated diseases, bariatric surgery is one of the treatments of choice. The first six months after surgery correspond to a period characterized by rapid weight loss and important changes in body composition and oxidative status may occur. Lipoperoxidation is an oxidative process that mainly affects the lipids of cellular membranes. And a measure can evaluate the integrity of these is the phase angle (PA), which reflects the variation of the passage of the electric current by the cellular membranes. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate PA, parameters of oxidative damage and its correlations during the rapid phase of weight loss in subjects submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Methodology: The sample consisted of volunteers from the Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Program of the University Hospital Cassiano Antônio de Moraes, in Vitória-ES, submitted to RYGB. Participants were evaluated in three moments: approximately one month before (M0), two months (M1) and six months (M2) after GRYDR. Anthropometric data were collected on body weight and height for the calculation of BMI. Body composition and PA were obtained through bioimpedance, blood samples were obtained for evaluation of the following parameters: serum albumin (ALB), triglycerides (TGL), malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced protein oxidation products (AOPP). Statistical analysis of the data was performed using the software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0. The Shapiro Wilk test was used to test data normality, analysis of variance for repeated measures (one-way ANOVA or Friedman test) and Pearson or Spearman correlations between FA and oxidative parameters. The level of significance was set at P<0.05. Results: There was a significant (P<0.05) reduction in body weight, BMI, PA, lean mass (LM) and fat mass (FM) throughout the time, with body weight, BMI, LM and FM values differing significantly between all moments and the PA in M1 and M2 differed from M0. Serum ALB concentrations did not change over time (P>0.05). Serum concentrations of TGL, MDA and AOPP were reduced over the periods (P<0.05). The concentrations of TGL differed between all moments, MDA in M2 differed from the other moments and AOPP in M2 differed from M0. When normalized by TGL concentrations, lipoperoxidation increased over time (P<0.05) with M1 and M2 different from M0, whereas when normalized by ALB concentrations, protein oxidation maintained the reduction over time (P<0.05), with significant difference between moments M2 and M0. In addition, a moderate negative correlation was observed between PA and MDA/TGL ratio and no significant correlation was detected between PA and AOPP/ALB ratio. Conclusion: In the fast phase of weight loss of patients submitted to GRDYR, there was a reduction of the PA and the oxidative damage parameters. However, there was an increase in proportional lipoperoxidation and a mean negative correlation between PA and MDA/TGL ratio, suggesting that PA can be used as a marker of lipoperoxidation during this period.
Ângulo de fase e índices de prognóstico inflamatório e nutricional em mulheres submetidas à cirurgia bariátrica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-05-23) Koehler, Kymberle Betzel; Pedrosa, Rogério Graça; Haraguchi, Fabiano Kenji; Salaroli, Luciane Bresciani; Barauna, Valério Garrone
Introduction: Bariatric surgery is indicated as a treatment for severe obesity, and nutritional assessment in the first six months after surgery is imperative, given the acute weight loss that can occur in this period. Phase angle (PA) is indicated as an indicator of nutritional status and prognosis, and inflammatory and nutritional prognostic indexes have been used to evaluate patients in several clinical situations. The relationship between PA and inflammatory and nutritional prognostic indexes is poorly understood, especially in bariatric patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate PA and its correlation with inflammatory and nutritional prognostic indexes in women submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric by-pass (RYGB). Methods: The study was performed with female patients of the Bariatric Surgery Program of the Cassiano Antonio Moraes University Hospital. The patients were evaluated in three moments: approximately one month before surgery (M0), and approximately two (M1) and sixth (M2) months after surgery. The following parameters were evaluated: body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), PA, serum concentrations of prealbumin, albumin, Creactive protein (CRP), and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AG), the CRP/Albumin Ratio and the Prognostic Inflammatory and Nutritional Index (PINI). Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk Normality Test, one-way ANOVA test for repeated measurements with Sidak post hoc, and Pearson or Spearman correlations, depending on the nature of the data. Results: Body weight and BMI decreased significantly over the evaluated periods (P <0.05). The PA had a significant reduction over the evaluated periods, with values in M1 and M2 differing from M0. Serum concentrations of pre-albumin, CRP and α1-AG were significantly reduced over time, with concentrations in M1 and M2 differing from M0 (P <0.05). The CRP/albumin ratio showed a significant reduction over time, with M1 and M2 being different from M0 (P <0.05). The PINI did not show statistically significant alterations, but indicated a change in the classification of low risk of complications for no infection / inflammation, demonstrating an improvement in the prognosis of these patients. There was a very strong correlation between PINI and the CRP/albumin ratio (r = 0.96, P <0.001). There was no significant correlation between PA and prognostic indexes, however, a direct strong correlation between PA and pre-albumin serum concentrations (r = 0.63, P <0.01) was observed, which remained moderate in M0 ( r = 0.55, P = 0.01) and M1 (r = 0.57, P <0.01), suggesting the use of AF as an indicator of nutritional status during the perioperative period of women submitted to RYGB. Conclusion: PA decreased and inflammatory and nutritional prognosis improved. PA did not correlate with improvement in the prognosis indicated by the indexes, however, the strong correlation between PA and pre-albumin serum concentrations suggests its applicability in the evaluation of nutritional risk after RYGB and reinforces its use as an alternative tool to evaluate the nutritional status.
Ângulo de fase e marcadores de dano oxidativo em pacientes submetidos à gastrectomia vertical
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-08-19) Venancio, Fernanda Amorim; Haraguchi, Fabiano Kenji; https://orcid.org/0000000210198888; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7280084109670510; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1300-9736; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5454457570198651; Barbosa, Miriam Carmo Rodrigues; https://orcid.org/000000027868572X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7938843376850281; Barauna, Valerio Garrone; https://orcid.org/0000000328320922; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1583882564447423
The phase angle is used to evaluate cellular integrity and as a health indicator in several clinical conditions, such as in patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Sleeve gastrectomy, a bariatric surgery technique, promotes weight loss, which may contribute to reduction of inflammation and oxidative damage. Thus, the hypothesis of this study is that weight loss after bariatric surgery promotes the reduction of oxidative damage markers concentrations and that these are inversely associated with phase angle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the phase angle, oxidative damage and its associations in patients undergoing to sleeve gastrectomy, between the preoperative period and the rapid weight loss phase. Data were collected approximately one month before surgery (M0), two (M1) and six months after surgery (M2). Body weight, height, lean mass, fat mass and phase angle were obtained. The bioelectrical impedance was used to estimate lean mass, fat mass and determine the phase angle. Blood samples were obtained to analyze serum concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP). The ANOVA for repeated measures test were used or Friedman test, according to the normality of the data, followed by the Bonferroni test and Pearson (parametric data) or Spearman correlations (non-parametric data). The level of significance was set at p 0,05). A weak positive correlation was found between phase angle and serum AOPP concentration, considering the data of the three moments (n=42; r=0,354; p=0,021). When we evaluated the correlations at each moment, we found a moderate positive correlation between phase angle and serum AOPP concentration in M0 (r=0,613, p=0,020) and M1 (r=0,554, p=0,040). The correlation between phase angle and AOPP/ALB ratio was positive moderate in M0 (r=0,615; p=0,019). There was no significant correlation between the phase angle and the other variables (p>0,05). Thus, it is concluded that during the rapid phase of weight loss there was a reduction in phase angle as well as oxidative damage to proteins. Reducted protein oxidation indicates clinical 9 improvement of health status and this reduction is positively associated with the phase angle
Aplicação do ultrassom e ácidos orgânicos na sanitização de morangos (fragaria x Ananassa Duch.)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-06-05) Alvarenga, Priscila Donatti Leão; São José, Jackline Freitas Brilhante de; Vasconcelos, Christiane Mileib; Silva, Erika Madeira Moreira da; Chiaradia, Ana Cristina Nascimento; Sena, Geralda Gillian Silva
Consumers are interested in the consumption of safe foods with long storage time and that do not show changes in nutritional and sensory quality after processing. Thus, the consumption of fresh cut fruits and vegetables has grown. For these foods, the sanitization step is considered the crucial step for microbiological control. Chlorinated compounds are the main sanitizing agents used. However, there are indications that these sanitizers when combined organic matter in the state of decomposition can cause the formation of by-products considered as toxic. Therefore, there is an interest in the study of sanitizers and alternative processes in the application of chlorinated compounds in fruits and vegetables. Among the proposed strategies, we have the application of acetic acid, peracetic acid and ultrasound. Organic acids have recognized antimicrobial action and do not produce by-products during their application. The use of ultrasound in food has been studied because it is a non-thermal method that reduces the microbial load of food. It is a technology that generates high amplitude waves with low frequency, where the physical and chemical effects have the capacity to damage the cell wall of some microorganisms. Microbiological analyzes (aerobic mesophiles, molds and yeasts, coliforms at 35 °C and intentionally inoculated Escherichia coli), physico-chemical analyzes (pH, titratable total acidity, total soluble solids, ratio acidity, vitamin C, total anthocyanins and loss of mass) on days 1, 3, 6 and 9 of storage. Scanning electron microscopy was conducted too. Data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), regression analysis, Pearson correlation and Duncan test at 5% probability. It was observed that storage time significantly interfered with pH values, titratable total acidity, total soluble solids and total soluble solids ratio and titratable total acidity (p<0.05). Treatments promoted reduction of the vitamin C content in the samples between the 1st day and the 3rd day, except in the sample treated with ultrasound. After the 6th day, there was a reduction of vitamin C content in all treatments, a fact that may be related to plant tissue senescence. Anthocyanin values did not change in relation to treatment or time and had a general average of 13.47 mg of anthocyanin/100 g of strawberries. The mass loss was not significantly affected by the applied treatments (p>0.05). The counts of aerobic mesophilic and coliform at 35°C did not present a significant difference (p<0.05) between the applied sanitization treatments. The treatments promoted reduction between 1.09 to 2.48 log of CFU/g and 0.89 and 1.45 log of CFU/g of aerobic mesophilic and coliform at 35 °C, respectively. For molds and yeasts it was observed that there was a significant difference in relation to treatment and time (p <0.05). Reductions between 0.76 and 1.99 log CFU/g were observed in the count of molds and yeast. Ultrasound treatments in combination with peracetic acid and acetic acid allowed a decimal reduction of molds and yeasts (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between treatment with sodium hypochlorite and ultrasound (p<0.05). All evaluated treatments promoted reduction of the E. coli count (p <0.05). The treatments with peracetic acid, acetic acid, sodium hypochlorite, ultrasound and ultrasound combined with acetic acid promoted statistically equal reductions (p> 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy revealed fragmented E. coli cells due to treatment with acetic acid and ultrasound. In the treatments with peracetic acid and this combined to the ultrasound one can observe reduced number of microorganisms in the surface of the strawberry, alteration of the morphology and fragments of cells of E. coli. Thus, the combination of ultrasound and peracetic acid may be an alternative to ensure microbiological safety without causing significant changes in the physico-chemical characteristics of strawberries.
Aplicação do ultrassom e compostos químicos na sanitização de couve (brassica Oleracea)
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-31) Machado, Maria Clara de Moraes Motta; Bernardes, Patricia Campos; São José, Jackline Freitas Brilhante de; Chiaradia, Ana Cristina Nascimento; Silva, Erika Madeira Moreira da
Adequate sanitation procedures are essential to ensure the quality and safety of food, making it the main procedure to maintain the microbiological quality of ready-to-eat salads without causing risks to human health. The objective of the study was to evaluate the application of chemical compounds such as sodium dichloroisocyanurate, acetic acid 1000 mg/L, acetic acid 2000 mg/L, peracetic acid 20mg/L, combined or not with 60 kHz ultrasound in the inactivation of adhered Salmonella enterica Typhimurium cells The surface of cabbage butter and the effect of the treatments on the contaminating natural microbiota and on the physical-chemical characteristics of cabbage stored at 7º C for 6 days. In the evaluation of the contaminating natural microbiota the initial count of aerobic mesophiles, filamentous fungi and yeasts and coliforms at 35ºC was 6.8, 5.4 and 3.8 log CFU.g-1 , respectively. After inoculation of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium, the number of cells adhered to the cabbage surface was 6.3 log CFU.g-1. When the cabbage sanitization treatments were applied, the S. Typhimurium count was reduced from 1.6 to 3.8 log CFU.g-1 in relation to the count of non-sanitized samples. For pH, total titratable acidity, soluble solids, mass loss, determination of vitamin C and total phenolic compounds did not show significant changes (p> 0.05) shortly after sanitization and throughout storage. The antioxidant capacity presented a significant reduction throughout the storage. The scanning electron microscopy evidenced the adhesion of S. Typhimurium on the surface of the cabbage and the removal of cells from the sanitization treatments. All treatments performed were equal to or greater than sodium dichloroisocyanurate treatment, indicating that the proposed treatments associated or not with ultrasound have potential for use in the sanitization of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. acephala).
Aplicação do ultrassom em suco misto de laranja e beterraba com adição de prebiótico
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2021-09-21) Valiati, Bárbara Santos; Jose, Jackline Freitas Brilhante de Sao; https://orcid.org/0000000265925560; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9686717495086118; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9194-9710; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8596556553473696; Vasconcelos, Christiane Mileib; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1818-3792; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2899541648445087; Moraes, Erica Aguiar; https://orcid.org/0000000312231466; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3303337023124129
Introduction: Changes in consumer eating habits reflect on increased interest in healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables. Orange and beetroot are products of great relevance in Brazilian horticultural. These foods can be used in the production of mixed juices and can be an option for incorporating ingredients with allegation of functional properties, like fructooligosaccharides (FOS). The application of conservation methods is necessary to ensure the quality of juices, and pasteurization is the traditional method applied. However, there are many disadvantages associated with this method. In this context, emerging technologies, such as ultrasound, have been studied as alternatives to pasteurization, without causing unwanted effects commonly caused by heat. Objectives: To evaluate the mixed juice of orange and beetroot with the addition of FOS submitted to ultrasound application associated with mild temperatures. Materials and methods: Prebiotic mixed juice was prepared in the ratio of 7:3 orange and beetroot and 8 g of FOS. The structural, microscopic, microbiological, physical-chemical and bioactive compounds (phenolic, antioxidant and vitamin C) were evaluated in mixed juice samples with addition of FOS treated with pasteurization method (90°C/1 minute) and ultrasound associated with mild temperatures (40°,50° and 60°/5 minutes). The samples remained stored at 6 °C ± for 25 days and the analyses were performed during the times 1, 4, 8, 16 and 25. Results: The 60°C ultrasound caused microscopic and physical alterations in the juice, however, other parameters were not significantly influenced. The storage time significantly increased the total tittable acidity, b*, ΔE, L*, C and filamentous fungi and yeasts. The significant reduction for time was observed in turbidity, soluble solids and ascorbic acid. Conclusion: The US applied can be considered mild because it did not cause important changes in physicochemical parameters, bioactive compounds, color and microbiologicals, keeping them stable after processing. Future studies are needed to evaluate how FOS can interact with the plant matrix and how it can influence ultrasound processing.
Aplicação do ultrassom para conservação de suco misto de laranja com cenoura
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-03-18) Lepaus, Bárbara Morandi; São José, Jackline Freitas Brilhante de; Moraes, Érica Aguiar; Sena, Geralda Gillian Silva; Chiaradia, Ana Cristina Nascimento; Vasconcelos, Christiane Mileib
Ultrasound technology is an alternative to pasteurization juice preservation, aiming at minimizing the nutritional and physical-chemical damages observed during traditional thermal processing. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ultrasound on the microbiological, physical-chemical and sensorial quality of blend orange-carrot juice. Samples of juices were submitted to pasteurization treatments at 90°C for 30 seconds and 40 kHz ultrasound at times of 5 or 10 minutes at temperatures of 40, 50 or 60°C. Untreated juice samples were considered control. Samples were stored at 7 ± 1 °C for 22 days and over the course of the storage period, the microbiological and physicalchemical analyses were conducted. After the evaluation of the results of these analyses, the treatments with ultrasound at 60°C for 5 and 10 minutes were selected, in addition to the natural juice without treatment and pasteurized, to perform the sensorial analysis. Higher reductions were obtained after ultrasonic treatment at 60°C for 10 minutes for aerobic mesophilic bacteria, molds and yeasts, and coliforms at 35°C. All the conditions maintained pH, titratable total acidity, total soluble solids, total carotenoids, vitamin C, phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity after treatment. Ultrasound treatments increased color parameters and turbidity. During storage, there was a reduction in pH, titratable total acidity, total soluble solids, vitamin C, phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and turbidity. It was observed an increase in the content of total carotenoids and in the parameters of color L*, a*, and c*, as well as reduction of hue angle and b*. Ultrasound treatment at 60°C for 5 and 10 minutes delayed the sedimentation process. Optical microscopy showed that increasing the time and temperature of treatment caused more damage to cell structures. In sensory analysis, there was no difference between the notes obtained for sample treated with ultrasound at 60°C for 5 minutes and the pasteurized sample. The ultrasound treatment at 60°C for 5 minutes demonstrated to be promising in the conservation of orange-carrot juice, offering a microbiologically safe juice, maintaining physicalchemical characteristics and obtaining good acceptability by consumers.
Associação da composição corporal, ingestão proteica e nível de atividade física sobre o ângulo de fase de mulheres acompanhadas durante um ano após a cirurgia bariátrica
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-02-25) Manoel, Renata; Pedrosa, Rogerio Graca; https://orcid.org/0000000159247807; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2133196585575321; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4053-0594; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; https://orcid.org/0000000322666113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7931552401781397; Pereira, Taisa Sabrina Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5922-7424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6842932234822212
The Angle of Fase (AF), pointer of celularidade, integrity and cellular function, has been used as index of prognostic in submitted individuals the bariátrica surgery (CB). In such a way the present study it had as objective to verify association the AF wi th the corporal weight enters, Index of Corporal Mass (IMC), fat mass (MG), lean mass (MM), proteinic ingestion and physical activity of individuals submitted to the CB. 24 adult women submitted the Reducing Gastroplastia with Derivation in Y of Roux (GRDYR) in the Hospital of the Clinics (HC) of the Universidade federal do Espirito Santo (UFES). The participants of the study had been evaluated in the daily pay-operatório (M0), 6 (M1) and 12 (M2) months after the CB. They had been evaluated: corporal weight , stature, IMC, MG, MM, AF, proteinic ingestion and level of physical activity at the three moments. Program SPSS was used version 21.0, considering level of significance P<0,05. The AF reduced (7,05 significamente ± 0,76 for 5,92 ± 0,70; p: <0,05) between the moment M1 and M0, and between the moment M2 and M0 (7,05 ± 0,76 for 6,04 ± 0,85; p: <0,05). Correlations between the reduction of the AF with the differences of the too much evaluated parameters had not been observed, as well as between the moments. Inverse correlations had been observed significant between: Initial AF and the reduction of corporal weight (p: 0,028; r: - 0,479;) reduction of MM (kg) (p: 0,037;r: - 0,457), TPP (%) (p: 0,049; r: - 0,433;). In the M2 positive correlation was observed between: AF and physical activity (p: 0,0; r: 0,520). Correlations between the AF and the proteinic ingestion had not been observed. In conclusion the AF reduces the bariatrica surgery after, however it tends if to stabilize 6 months after. The loss of weight, corporal composition and the proteinic ingestion did not influence the values of AF, however the physical activity increased the values of AF. On the other hand, the AF surgical daily pay if showed a preditor of loss of lean mass.
Associação da espessura do músculo adutor do polegar e da força de preensão palmar com o estado nutricional em pacientes com câncer
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-06-28) Valente, Katarina Papera; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; Spexoto, Maria Cláudia Bernardes; Pedrosa, Rogerio Graca
INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition in cancer is a frequent problem and significantly interferes with the course of the disease, response to treatment and patient survival. The evaluation of the nutritional status at hospital admission is fundamental to verify the present alterations and to individualize the nutritional-clinical intervention. Among the nutritional assessment methods are Tickness of the adductor pollicis muscle (TAPM), Hangrip Strenght (HGS) and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Many studies have found correlation between TAPM and HGS and conventional methods, but not quite researched about this in cancer patients. Thus, the objective of this research was to investigate the association TAPM and HGS and the classical anthropometry and with the PG-SGA. METHODS: The population was composed of patients with cancer candidates for surgery. After applying the exclusion criteria, the final sample was 80 patients. The variables weight, height, Body mass index (BMI), arm circumference (AC), tricipital skin fold (TSF), arm muscle area (AMA), calf circumference (CC), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC), TAPM, HGS and PG-SGA were included. The normality of the variables was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Student's t-tests were used to compare the means and Pearson's correlation was used to evaluate the correlation. Multivariate linear regression was used to detect the influence of selected variables on TAPM and HGS. Data were analyzed in SPSS 21.0 software and the significance level of 5.0% was adopted. RESULTS: There was a predominance of males (56.3%, n=45), elderly (60.0%, n=48), non-white (51.2%, n=41) and tumors located in the gastrointestinal tract (76.2%, n=61). The PG-SGA indicated that (60%, n=48) presented some degree of malnutrition and their score indicated that 70% (n=58) of the patients had 9 or more points. As for TAPM of both hands, more than 40.0% of the patients were classified as well nourished. DHGS was adequate for 60% of the patients, while for NDHGS 50.0% of the patients presented this adequate measure and 50.0% inadequate. In the EMAPD regression model, after adjustment with age and sex, the CB variable remained, explaining 54% of the measure. In the NDTAPM model, TSF remained, accounting for 44% of the measure. For the DHGS, the variables AMA, PG-SGA score and age remained, accounting for 81% of the measure. Regarding NDHGS, only the variable age remained, explaining 77% of the measure. CONCLUSION: The inclusion of TAPM and HGS in the hospital routine is indicated because they have been associated with conventional anthropometry and gold standard, but a cut-off point must be created for this population.
Associação entre ácido úrico sérico e variáveis de risco cardiometabólico em crianças e adolescentes
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2020-06-03) Dutra, Deyse Magdinier; Faria, Carolina Perim de; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5520843899835735; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; https://orcid.org/0000000322666113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7931552401781397; Zaniqueli, Divanei dos Anjos; https://orcid.org/; http://lattes.cnpq.br/
Introduction: Uric acid (AU), the final product of purine metabolism, is used for risk effects for different diseases, but in childhood and adolescence there are few studies that evaluate the relationship between uric acid and cardiometabolic changes. The
Associação entre adesão à dieta mediterrânea e síndrome metabólica e seus componentes em participantes do ELSA-Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2019-03-18) Nascimento, Larissa de Carvalho; Faria, Carolina Perim de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9165-1332; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5520843899835735; https://orcid.org/5991466040562898; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0000-0003-3672-9584; Molina, Maria Del Carmen Bisi; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8746-5860; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9238370951122705; Pereira, Taisa Sabrina Silva; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5922-7424; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6842932234822212
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is understood as a set of disorders related to cardiovascular risk. Its relevance has increased due to its high prevalence, besides being related to a high cost for the control of its components. Its etiology is complex, but it is linked to risk factors such as genetic predisposition, physical inactivity and diet with low nutritional value. For its prevention and treatment, pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures should be taken. In the non-pharmacological context, dietary intervention is essential, and the Mediterranean diet has been presented as an effective approach in the prevention and treatment of MS. The traditional Mediterranean diet is characteristic the countries of the Mediterranean basin, but is also widespread in other regions. Due to the variations suffered by this food pattern, different methodologies for evaluating its adherence were developed. However, Brazil is a country that does not have a proposal adapted to its population. The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to adapt the Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS), originally developed for Americans, to the Brazilian population, to apply it and investigate the association between dietary adherence and MS and its components in the ELSA population -Brazil (n = 15,105). The exclusion criteria were participants who changed their diet in the six months prior to the application of the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), underwent bariatric surgery, were previously diagnosed with chronic diseases, presented implausible food intake and presented missing values for exposure and outcome variables. The diagnosis of MS was based on the NCEP ATPIII criteria, and the use of drugs associated with SM signs was also considered. The food consumption variables were collected by an FFQ developed and validated for the study population. After applying the exclusion criteria, the sample studied was 8,296 individuals (47.5% men and 52.5% women). The frequency of MS in the general sample was 35.7%. The most prevalent component was hyperglycemia (71.3% in the general sample and between the sexes - 81.1% in males and 62.4% in females). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet occurred in the range of 1.74 - 51.92%, being higher in females than in males (mean 23.4 vs. 22.74% p
Associação entre componentes da sarcopenia, gordura visceral e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde: evidências de um estudo transversal em mulheres com câncer de mama
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-08-18) Vieira, Mariana de Souza; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; https://orcid.org/0000000322666113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7931552401781397; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0225-0754; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3957401556390582; Haraguchi, Fabiano Kenji; https://orcid.org/0000000210198888; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7280084109670510; Spexoto, Maria Cáudia Bernardes; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7681-1422; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5004747030672517
Women with breast cancer have impairments in their health-related quality of life (HRQoL) associated with sarcopenia and visceral fat (GV). Therefore, this study has two objectives: 1. To investigate the association of sarcopenia components with HRQoL and its domains; and 2. Evaluate the association between QVRS and its domains with GV. Cross-sectional study, carried out in an outpatient clinic of a public hospital in southeastern Brazil, from January 2021 to December 2022. Women aged between 30 and 80 years, diagnosed with breast cancer, with ≤12 months of diagnosis, without metastasis or other malignancy and no recurrence. HRQoL domains were evaluated by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Breast Cancer-specific Core 23 (EORTC QLQ-BR23). The components of sarcopenia (muscle strength and mass and physical performance) were assessed by handgrip strength (HGS), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (IMMEA) and Timed Up and Go test (TUGT), respectively. GV was performed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Linear regression models were maintained. The significance level adopted was p<0.05. 114 women with a mean age of 55.2 ± 11.3 years. FPM, IMMEA and TUGT were adequate in 87.7%; 79.8%; 95.6%, respectively. GV and body fat percentage were elevated by 62.5% and 86.0%, respectively. In linear regression, HGS lowered associated with cognitive function (p=0.047) and loss of appetite (p=0.012) and TUGT lowered with overall health (p=0.005) and functional scale (p=0.002) of the QLQ-C30. HGS and TUGT are associated with escalation of symptoms (p=0.017 and p=0.008, respectively) of the QLQ-BR23. The lowered GV associated with the functional scale (p=0.013), physical function (p=0.011), functional role (p=0.009), social function (p=0.047), symptom scale (p=0.003), fatigue (p= 0.043), pain (p<0.001) and insomnia (p=0.008). Muscle strength was associated with cognitive function and loss of appetite and physical performance with global health and functional scale, while high GV worsened functionality and fatigue, pain and insomnia in women with breast cancer.
Associação entre composição corporal, estágio puberal, hábitos de vida e dislipidemia em crianças e adolescentes
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2017-07-25) Oliosa, Polyana Romano; Barbosa, Miriam Carmo Rodrigues; Mill, José Geraldo; Faria, Carolina Perim de; Kuschnir, Maria Cristina Caetano
Objective: To analyze the lipid profile of children and adolescents in the age group of 6 to 18 years incomplete and its relation with nutritional status, body composition, life habits, puberty and to verify the impact of body fat accumulation on plasma lipids in boys and girls. Methods: We studied 854 schoolchildren of both sexes. The anthropometric variables analyzed were waist circumference (WC), height, weight, percentage of body fat (% G), body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference by height (RCE). Total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDLc), low density lipoprotein (LDLc) and non-HDL cholesterol (Non-HDLc) were measured in blood. Age was stratified in 6┣ 9 years, 9┣ 15 years and 15┣ 19 years, and the pubertal stages classified according to the Tanner scale in 1 (pre-pubertal), 2 to 4 (puberal) and 5 (post-puberal). Descriptive data were analyzed using the chi-square test, continuous variables presented by mean ± standard deviation and percentages. The analyzes were done by T-Student, ANOVA (followed by Tukey's test) and linear regression. The significance was set at p <0.05. Results: The sample consisted of 56% (n = 478) of boys. The prevailing age was 9 to 15 years (n = 584, 68.4%) with a mean of 11.87 ± 2.8 years. When analyzed the variables of life habits, the male practiced more physical activity, both inside and outside the "Estação Conhecimento" (p = 0.000) and had the habit of feeding with parents and / or guardians, more frequent (p = 0.002 ). There was no difference between the sexes for screen time (p = 0.270), leisure (p = 0.887) and breakfast (p = 0.286). When checking the influence of these variables on the lipid fractions, we did not obtain association (p> 0.05). Overweight was observed in 28.2% of the girls and in 20.3% of the boys (p <0.05). The boys classified in the pubertal and post-pubertal stages had lower (p <0.01) CT, LDLc and non-HDLc concentrations than pre-pubertals. Adolescents aged 15 to 19 years incomplete had lower concentrations of lipid fractions than those aged 6 to 9 years, 9 to 15 years (p <0.01). The mean levels of TC, LDLc and HDLc were higher in girls, however, with no difference between sexes when stratified by pubertal stages (p = 0.093) and age (p = 0.797). Plasma lipid levels change markedly during the pubertal stages. Obese boys had higher CT, non-HDLc and LDLc than eutrophic, whereas in non-HDLc only girls had significance (p <0.05). Boys and girls with inadequate% G and RCE had a higher concentration of LDLc and non-HDLc (p <0.001) when compared to children who had% G and an appropriate RCE. The% G and RCE were positively associated with lipid fractions (CT and non-HDLc) in both genders (p <0.001). The percentage of high body fat contributed with 21% of children or adolescents having high cholesterol (≥170 mg / dL). Conclusion: The nutritional status and excess body fat, are positively associated with the atherogenic lipid profile, impacting with more evidence in the male sex. There was no increase in cholesterol with age, but decreases as age advances as well as with pubertal stages, lipid fractions also decrease. As for the association between life habits and lipid fractions, no feasible associations were found. Thus, the data emphasize the need to control body weight, especially a monitoring of the body composition of children and adolescents aiming at the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in adult life.
Associação entre o ângulo de fase e a composição corporal de mulheres obesas submetidas à gastroplastia redutora com derivação em y de Roux
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2018-08-29) Rocha, Larissa Scarparo; Pedrosa, Rogerio Graça; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; Mill, Jose Geraldo; Molina, Maria del Carmen Bisi; Pereira, Taísa Sabrina Silva; Faria, Carolina Perim de; Rocha, José Luiz Marques
Introduction: Phase angle (PA), cellularity indicator, and cellular function have been used as a prognostic index in patient’s submitted to bariatric surgery (BS), with a low PA value associated with a lower body weight (BW) loss. Objective: To associate PA with BW, Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat (BF) and lean body mass (LBM) of women submitted to BS during the fast weight lost phase of BW. Methodology: Twenty adult women were submitted to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass at the Clinical Hospital (CH) of the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of CH - UFES. The participants were evaluated in the preoperative period or at the moment 0 (M0) (24.0 ± 20.5 days), at moment 1 (M1) after BS (72.0 ± 19.5 days) and at moment 2 (M2) after BS (189, 0 ± 12.2 days). Were evaluated; BW (kg), height (m), BMI (kg/m²), BF (kg e %), LBM (kg e %) e PA (°) in all three moments. MG, AF and AF data were based on the analysis of electrical bioimpedance. After the Shapiro-Wilk normality test were performed, ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni test, or Friedman test were performed as well. Correlations were obtained by the Spearman or Pearson tests. The SPSS version 21.0 program was used and the level of significance adopted was P <0.05. Results: PA was 7.0 ± 0.7 ° at M0, 5.9 ± 0.7 ° at M1 and 5.9 ± 0.7 ° at M2, being smaller at M1 in relation to M0 and M2 in relation to M0 (P <0.01). The BW was lower (P <0.05) after BS at both moments; 91.8 ± 13.7 kg (M1) and 79.9 ± 13.8 kg (M2) when compared to M0 (108.9 ± 13.9 kg) and lower at M2, when compared to M1. The results were observed in relation to (BMI); 43.0 ± 5.2 kg / m² (M0), 36.2 ± 5.1 kg / m² (M1) and 31.4 ± 5.2 kg / m² (M2), BF (kg) 52.6 ± 8.6 kg (M0), 41.1 ± 8.6 kg (M1) and 33.0 ± 8.8 kg (M2) and LBM (kg); 56.2 ± 5.8 kg (M0), 50.7 ± 5.6 kg (M1) and 46.8 ± 5.5 kg (M2). Considering all the differences found between M1 and M0 and M2 and M1, a positive correlation (r = 0.42; p <0.01) was observed between the reduction of the PA and the reduction of the BW. Similar results were found between PA and reduction of (BMI) (r = 0.40, p <0.05) between the reduction of PA and the reduction of BF (r = 0.39, p <0.05). No significant correlation was observed between the reduction of PA and the reduction of LBM (kg).Conclusion: Reduction of PA was associated with the weight loss, BMI, and BF, although it was not correlated with LBM.
Associações entre consumo alimentar, saúde óssea e composição corporal: uma análise transversal em mulheres na pós-menopausa
(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2023-09-11) Vidigal, Camila Vilarinho; Guandalini, Valdete Regina; https://orcid.org/0000000322666113; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7931552401781397; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4229-7968; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4660066204973582; Campos, Glaucia Cristina de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820731874396212; Faria, Carolina Perim de; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9165-1332; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5520843899835735
Menopause confirms the end of female reproductive life and is characterized by important hormonal changes. These hormonal alterations contribute to the increase and redistribution of body fat and to the loss of bone and muscle mass, which favors the development of diseases such as obesity, osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Furthermore, the simultaneous presence of these conditions can be observed, although their prevalence in the postmenopausal population is still unknown. Habits and lifestyle related to food intake, physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking are also related to the development of obesity, osteoporosis and sarcopenia. This study had two main objectives: 1. To investigate the relationship between food intake and body composition with bone microarchitecture in postmenopausal women. 2. To verify the prevalence of osteopenic obesity and associated factors in postmenopausal women. This is a cross-sectional study, carried out between June 2019 and March 2020, with postmenopausal women for at least 12 months and aged 50 years or older, treated at the climacteric and osteoporosis outpatient clinic of a university hospital. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, clinical conditions and food intake information were collected through the application of questionnaires. An anthropometric and biochemical evaluation was performed. Body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) were analysed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The body composition variables evaluated were: percentage of body fat (BF) (%), fat mass index (FMI) (kg/m²), abdominal visceral fat (AVF) (cm²) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) (kg/m²). The trabecular bone score (TBS) was used to indirectly assess bone microarchitecture. Osteopenic obesity was diagnosed considering waist circumference (WC) and BMD. Tests were applied to compare exposure variables and covariates between the categories of the outcome variable bone microarchitecture (article 1) and osteopenic obesity (article 2). Adjusted binary logistic regression analyses in 3 models were conducted to verify the association between the study exposure variables, bone microarchitecture and osteopenic obesity. A significance level of 5% was considered for all tests. The evaluated women were mostly elderly, without a partner, black/brown, with low education, did not use alcoholic beverages, non smokers, were sufficiently active, used calcium and vitamin D supplementation and did not use drugs that alter bone metabolism. Partially degraded/degraded bone microarchitecture was positively associated with body mass (OR 1.19 [CI95% 1.05 – 1.36]) (p = 0.007) and inversely associated with BF% (OR 0 .72 [CI95% 0.57 – 0.91]) (p = 0.005), ASMI (OR 0.24 [CI95% 0.07 – 0.80]) (p = 0.021) and animal protein (OR 0.86 [CI95% 0.75 – 0.98]) (p = 0.024) and magnesium intake (OR 0.96 [CI95 % 0.93 – 0.99]) (p = 0.020). A prevalence of 47.1% of osteopenic obesity was identified in the evaluated women. The presence of osteopenic obesity was positively associated with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (OR 1.21 [CI95% 1.01 – 1.43] p = 0.035). Women with lower rates of AVF (OR 0.96 [CI95% 0.93 – 0.99] p = 0.006) and ASMI (OR 0.11 [CI95% 0.01 – 0.83] p = 0.032) were less likely to have osteopenic obesity, and those with lower protein intake (OR 1.07 [CI95% 1.02 – 1.13] p = 0.009) were more likely to have this condition. In summary, the comprehensive analysis of bone health, considering parameters such as body mass, BF%, IMMEA and animal protein and magnesium intake, emerges as a fundamental approach to evaluate bone microarchitecture. Furthermore, the high incidence of osteopenic obesity in postmenopausal women emphasizes the need for early identification and attention to factors such as AVF, ASMI, CRP and protein intake.

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