Produção do espaço urbano : uma análise a partir da infraestrutura no contexto da rodovia ES-471
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Data
2024-03-28
Autores
Oliveira, Janete Souza de
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
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This study aims to understand the relationship between infrastructure and real estate appreciation and its possible socio-spatial consequences, analyzing the case of the construction of Highway ES-471 (East-West). The highway connects the municipalities of Cariacica and Vila Velha in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória. The analyzed period extends from 2007, when the construction of the highway began, to the present moment. This spatial cut stands out as the object of analysis because significant transformations occurred during and after its construction in its adjacent areas, giving us an indication that infrastructure is related to real estate appreciation. The urban space, gaining prominence in these writings, has been undergoing intense transformation in recent times, a result of different disputes and relationships established with it. The highway is understood in this approach as infrastructure, and in this debate, we consider it as fixed capital and at the same time a consumption fund; it appears as part of the process of reproducing capital and labor. The hypothesis is emphasized that this infrastructure does not necessarily occur to increase the well-being of society. The creation of infrastructure is a significant example of public investment that spatially provides various interests at the same time. These interventions are permeated by intentions and often prioritize accumulation through the production of space over the reproduction of work. This situation is observable in many places in cities. Therefore, it becomes relevant to investigate the relationship between the promotion of infrastructure in the production of urban space through real estate production around the highway. Understanding that space is a social construction carried out by many forces, the questions of this research are as follows: in its process of instrumentalizing land ownership, why does real estate capital appropriate infrastructure? Why does infrastructure become a mechanism that contributes and/or intensifies the process of real estate appreciation rather than promoting a fairer city? Our initial hypothesis is that the current context is marked by the logic of capitalism, which, by producing space as a commodity, reproduces and expands its perspective of accumulation under the protection of private land ownership. Thus, the real estate market, producing space, instrumentalizes land ownership by seeking ways to benefit from the material differences in spaces created, for example, by infrastructure
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