Fitorremediação de solo contaminado com sulfentrazone em função da densidade populacional de Canavalia ensiformis e Crotalaria juncea
Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
Arquivos
Data
2012-04-27
Autores
Ferraço, Mariana
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of population density of Canavalia ensiformis (jack bean) and Crotalaria juncea (madras hemp) on phytoremediation of soil contaminated with the herbicide sulfentrazone. The experiment was conducted in green-house, in a randomized block design in 4 x 3 factorial design with four replications. The treatments consisted of combinations of four densities of the species phytoremediator C. ensiformis (0, 10, 20 and 40 plants m-2) and C. juncea (0, 60, 120 and 240 plants m-2) and three doses of sulfentrazone (0, 200 and 400 g ha-1). The pots were filled with fertilized soil and subsequently were applied herbicide. Eight days after the application proceeded to the sowing of the species used as phytoremediation. At 21 and 75 days after emergence (DAE) of plants, evaluations were made of height (cm). At 75 DAE, the plants were cut and immediately weighed to obtain fresh mass (g) of the shoot. Soon after, all this material was frozen for bioassay and determination of residues of sulfentrazone in shoots analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After cutting the plants Soil samples were removed and root of all vessels from two layers, 0-10 and 10 to 20 cm to determine the persistence of herbicide using chromatography. In this same period, made in the same pot, sowing of species bioindicator the presence of sulfentrazone in soil, Pennisetum glaucum. At 25 and 42 DAE P. glaucum evaluated the toxicity by the herbicide and height at 42 DAE was determined fresh and dry weight of shoot and root. In parallel, another bioassay was conducted, for which an extract produced with a fraction of the aerial part of C. ensiformis and C. juncea previously stored. It was placed in pots containing washed sand. The P. glaucum was sown and then at 15 and 30 DAE evaluated the toxicity by the herbicide and height at 30 DAE determined the fresh weight and dry shoot and root.
Another part of the frozen materials were used for residues of sulfentrazone. Soil were determined by extraction using 80 ml of methanol for every 40 g of soil, after stirring for 16 h. For determination of the herbicide in the shoots and roots of plants Phytoremediator the plant material was subjected to extraction by maceration with methanol. The prior cultivation Phytoremediator C. ensiformis and C. juncea promoted the remediation of sulfentrazone. The density minimum C. ensiformis and C. juncea enabling the development of P. glaucum is 20 to 120 plants m-2 respectively. The extract of C. ensiformis and C. juncea was not phytotoxic to P. glaucum indicating that these species can be used as green manures sulfentrazone after the soil remedying. No residual herbicide was found in shoots and roots of C. juncea. Only it was detected residues of sulfentrazone the shoots of C. ensiformis when it was applied to the soil 400 g ha-1 of this herbicide.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Green manures , Jack bean , Madras hemp , Pennisetum glaucum , Crotalária juncea , Herbicide , Adubos verdes
Citação
FERRAÇO, Mariana. Fitorremediação de solo contaminado com sulfentrazone em função da densidade populacional de Canavalia ensiformis e Crotalaria juncea. 2012. 69 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agricultura Tropical) - Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agricultura Tropical,
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, 2012.