O papel do catador de materiais recicláveis no circuito da coleta seletiva e da reciclagem na região metropolitana da Grande Vitória (ES)
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Data
2019-08-26
Autores
Costa, Priscila Rosa Bandeira da
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
The research seeks to understand the recycling chain in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória - RMGV, in the state of Espírito Santo - ES, in order to analyze its main characteristics, highlighting the participation of the various subjects, especially the way of insertion of waste pickers materials in this context. It is assumed that collectors of recyclable materials are not included as main subjects in selective collection programs and in the recycling chain as recommended by the National Solid Waste Policy, Law no. 12.305 / 2010, as this aspect is not given priority by from public managers. Thus, the general objective of the research is to analyze the management of RSU’s in Brazil, to understand the role of selective waste collection and recycling, having as the main focus of the analysis, study on how the process occurs of solid urban waste from the recycling chain in the RMGV emphasizing the performance of waste pickers. As procedures will be performed documentary analysis (the solid waste management plan of the RMGV, municipal plan for integrated solid waste management, municipal sanitation and selective waste collection plans), and interviews with the use of the script semi-structured with professionals working in Urban Solid Waste management, such as managers; with recyclable waste informal collectors and organized in Waste Pickers Associations. In turn, questionnaires will be applied to traders who trade in recyclable materials in the RMGV. The results indicate that, for the recyclable material collectors, one of the great challenges is to increase the amount of recyclable materials from the selective collection, whose availability has been reduced in recent years. On the other hand, most public managers indicate that the low level of organization of members in RMGV and, consequently, their low productivity in waste sorting are the main obstacles to the expansion of selective collection as foreseen in the PNRS, municipal plans for integrated management of MSW. It was also noted, as a problem to the activity of the collectors' associations in the circuit, the mistaken performance of society in the final disposal of waste, the low value in the recycling market of certain types of waste, such as glass and unequal competition between associations, whose associates receive less than the minimum wage, and companies, who profit from the recycling chain. Alternatively, the policy established by the municipality of Viana linking the licensing of companies to the supply of recyclable waste to waste pickers' associations, specific initiatives for the success of autonomous waste pickers and even the history of the pioneering experience in São Pedro in the municipality de Vitória in the self-management of waste pickers association. Thus, it was possible to verify, in the context of the RMGV, that, despite these experiences, most public managers do not include the training of the collector as part of the policy, but only to blame him for the deficiency of the system, which allows the existence of profitable companies in the sector. In a broader context than the metropolitan and the national, it is also necessary to consider the lack of responsibility of packaging companies in the generation of waste, in disregard of the sectorial agreement of the branch.
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Resíduos sólidos , Materiais recicláveis , Catadores de materiais , Cadeia de reciclagem , Solid waste , Collectors of the recyclable materials , Recyclable materials , Recycling chain