Associação entre consumo de antioxidantes e risco de doenças coronarianas em participantes do ELSA-Brasil
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Data
2014-01-01
Autores
Teixeira, Marina Galvão
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Low plasma antioxidant concentrations are associated with endothelial dysfunction, the first step towards atherosclerosis. Some antioxidant compounds, presents in some food kind, are capable to minimize those disturbances and are associated with the reduction of cardiovascular risk. We aimed to identify the association between the intake of antioxidant nutrients and the risk of acute coronary disease in ten years in the participants of the Longitudinal Study of Adult Health – ELSA Brazil. 14,353 participants aged of 35-74 years, which are employees of six public universities, were studied. The estimated intake of antioxidant nutrients (Vitamins A, E and C, zinc and selenium) was obtained through a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), adjusted for total energy and categorized into quintiles. The coronary risk (CR) was calculated using the following variables: sex, age, systolic blood pressure, smoking, antihypertensive therapy, HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol. Participants were classified into risk categories (low, intermediate and high). Analysis of simple and multivariate regressions were performed to assess the relationship between the consumption of antioxidants, CR and the influence of other variables (education and BMI). It was observed that 71 % participants were at low risk, 7 % in intermediate risk and 22 % at high CR. Female participants, those with higher income, education and age, had higher estimated intake of antioxidants. Positive and statistically significant associations between intake of antioxidants and high CR were observed. Individuals with intermediate risk had the lowest intake of antioxidants. Education level was positively associated with consumption of antioxidants (p < 0.001) and CR (p < 0.001). After adjustment for body mass index and education, low antioxidant intake remained associated with the intermediate CR (OR = 1.74. 95 % CI 1.37 to 2.21). Positive relationship between CR and intake of antioxidant nutrients may be associated with a change in eating habits after a cardiovascular event or due to some recent medical diagnosis.
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Coronary disease , Oxidative stress , Antioxidants , Doença das coronárias , Estresse oxidativo