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- ItemUtilização de tratamentos para dor nas costas em adolescentes e jovens brasileiros(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-03-07) Carmo, Leonardo Alves do; Callo Quinte, Gabriella ; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4479-2014; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; Almeida, Ana Paula Santana Coelho; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5808-5818; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2570855705420190; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9070-3237; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; Sarti, Thiago; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1545-6276; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7489127535403969; Martinelli, Katrini Guidolini; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-3241; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7493606113282545Background: Back pain is a prevalent condition among adolescents and young adults, leading to functional disability and reduced quality of life. Understanding the utilization of different treatments is crucial for effective healthcare strategies. Objective: To identify the utilization of various treatments for back pain among adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 23 years in Brazil. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2019 National Health Survey (PNS), analyzing a sample of 9,082 individuals aged 15 to 23 years. The study examined the prevalence of back pain and the utilization of treatments, including exercise, physiotherapy, medication, integrative practices, and regular healthcare follow-up. Results: The prevalence of back pain was 9.3%. The use of treatments was associated with socioeconomic factors such as age, health insurance, registration in the Family Health Strategy and self-rated health. Adolescents aged 19 to 23 years and those participating in the Family Health Strategy were more likely to use exercises, physiotherapy and acupuncture. Having a health insurance plan was positively associated with the use of physiotherapy and acupuncture. Self-rated health was associated with medical follow-up. Conclusion: The utilization of back pain treatments among Brazilian adolescents and young adults is influenced by a complex interplay of socioeconomic and health related factors. Strategies to improve access to and utilization of effective treatments should address these disparities to promote equitable healthcare.
- ItemAdversidades na infância, autoestima, sexualidade, maternidade e reprodução na adolescência(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-09-30) Vieira, Tónia Linette da Conceição Mendes Rafael; Santos Neto, Edson Theodoro dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7351-7719; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5430137427291413; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1961-6481; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4530700854931867 ; Portugal, Flávia Batista; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4425-2627; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1876697154549534; Reisen, Andressa; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3916-462X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7553715313970938 ; Alencar, Filomena Euridice Carvalho; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-4893; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1541460927486933; Bueno, George Nunes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2682-4214; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9461730986418352Childhood adversity is considered one of the main risk factors for the development of psychosocial problems later in life, accounting for one-third of mental disorders in people over 18 worldwide and can trigger risky sexual behaviors in adolescence. The objective of this dissertation was to analyze the relationship between childhood adversity and self esteem, Attitudes Toward Adolescent Sexuality (AFSA), perceptions about motherhood and reproduction, and economic characteristics in adolescents aged 15 to 19. This study is part of a school-based cross-sectional epidemiological survey conducted between 2016 and 2017 with a sample of 2,293 students in high schools in the Greater Vitória Metropolitan Region, Espírito Santo. To analyze AFSA and its associations, the sample consisted only of female adolescents, totaling 1,376 participants. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed based on the survey of socioeconomic characteristics and four instruments: the Childhood Adversity History Questionnaire, the Self-Esteem Scale, the Attitudes Toward Sexuality Scale, and the Values and Beliefs Questionnaire about Sexuality and Motherhood, in adapted versions. One of the questions from the Integrated Social Capital Questionnaire was used to analyze the association between interpersonal relationships and self-esteem. Frequencies were calculated, and Pearson's chi-square test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and multinomial logistic regression were applied. The results demonstrated that childhood adversities determine self-esteem in adolescence. Statistically significant associations were found between low self-esteem and the following childhood adversities: emotional abuse (p<0.001), physical abuse (p<0.001), sexual abuse (p<0.001), substance use in the family (p<0.001), mental illness in the family (p<0.001), physical neglect (p<0.001), and emotional neglect (p<0.001). Regarding the research on AFSA, the results demonstrated that 20% of the participants presented unfavorable AFSA and AFSA were associated with self-esteem (Orajustado = 2.008; CI95% = 1.177-3.428), socioeconomic variables: race/color (Orajustado1.261; CI95%=1.087-1.463), marital status (Orajustado = 4.037; CI95% = 1.598-10.199), and education level of the head of the family (Orajustado = 0.677; CI95% = 0.569-0.806) and with all issues related to motherhood and reproduction (p<0.05). Higher levels of education of the adolescent's head of household exert a protective effect against adverse AFSA, and friendships exert a protective effect on self-esteem. The findings showed that adolescents with low selfesteem were six times more likely to have been exposed to four or more adversities during childhood (OR=6.7; 95% CI: 1.52-29.48), while adolescents with average self esteem were more likely to have adverse AFSA. Therefore, there is a need to identify all traumatic situations experienced by children during childhood to enable early interventions to reduce risks and harm to physical and mental health in childhood and later life.
- ItemTáticas de resolução de conflitos entre mães e filhos : prevalência e fatores associados(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-10-03) Silva, Laura Fontes; Co-orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; Orientador1; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 1º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 2º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/; 3º membro da banca; https://orcid.org/; https://lattes.cnpq.br/Introduction: Family violence in any form increases the likelihood of other manifestations of domestic violence. The victim’s social context may act as either a risk or a protective factor for revictimization. Objective: To investigate the association between parental conflict resolution tactics adopted by mothers, their sociodemographic characteristics, and lifetime experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV) in families with children up to 19 years of age living in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Methods: This study derives from a cross-sectional, population-based survey titled “Violence against women in Vitória, Espírito Santo: A population-based study”. Data were collected in 2022 through face-to-face interviews with 418 mothers aged 18 years or older, residents of Vitória. Results: Findings revealed a high prevalence of violent tactics in parental conflict resolution, although non-violent discipline was the most frequent, indicating a mixed strategy in conflict management. IPV in all its forms was positively associated with violent maternal tactics in parent child conflicts. Conclusions: The use of violent maternal practices in parental conflict resolution is linked to IPV victimization across all typologies and associated with sociodemographic variables. These findings highlight the intergenerational and contextual dimensions of family violence
- ItemAnálise epidemiológica e econômica do absenteísmo por transtornos mentais no poder judiciário estadual entre 2013 e 2022(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-08-08) Silva, Giovana Cosme Dantas da; Viana, Maria Carmen Moldes; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0464-4845; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4338126917250074; https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1905-4028; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4808829325186471; Abreu, Luiz Carlos de ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7618-2109; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6796970691432850; Aprelini, Carla Moronati de Oliveira; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4812-374X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0108134416465854; Corassa, Rafael Belló; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9413-7400; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3152440971038382Introduction: Mental disorders are among the main causes of absenteeism due to illness in the world of work, which results in reduced labor productivity and increased occupational, social and economic costs in several countries. Objective: To analyze absenteeism due to mental di sorders and estimate its indirect cost among permanent employees of a Judiciary branch of Esp írito Santo who were absent from work due to this diagnosis, from 2013 to 2022. Methods: This is a serial, analytical, cross-sectional epidemiological study and a partial health economic analysis of absences from work due to sick leave due to mental disorders, based on secondary data from judges and permanent employees who worked in the branch between January 2013 and December 2022. Sociodemographic, occupational, and epidemiological data were extracted, and the occurrence and distribution of absent workers, sick leave, and days absent from work were calculated by ICD F, according to sociodemographic and occupational characteristics. Descriptive analyses of qualitative variables were expressed as absolute and relative frequen cies, and quantitative variables were expressed as means and medians. The calculation of sickness absenteeism indicators due to mental disorders was performed according to the recom mendations of the International Association on Occupational Health (ICOH, 1973) and Hensing et al. (1998), and the prevalence and indirect costs of absences due to this diagnosis during the period, according to the Human Capital Approach. The analysis of the association between the independent variables (sociodemographic and occupational characteristics) and the outcome (absence due to mental disorders) was performed by calculating the gross prevalence ratio per year. Results: The percentages of workers on sick leave due to mental disorders, occurrences of leaves, and days of absence due to this diagnosis remained predominant among females, middle-aged (50 to 59 years old), married or in a stable union, White, with a higher education degree or higher, in the analyst position, and with 21 years or more of service in the agency. In 2021 and 2022, the highest rates of leave duration (48 days and 51 days, respectively) and absence duration per person (89 days and 100 days, respectively) occurred. Over 10 years, a total of 67,338 workdays were lost due to any mental disorder, representing 25.6% of all days of absence due to sick leave for any diagnosis and an economic cost to the treasury of R$27,528,800.66. Mood disorders generated the greatest loss of productivity (35,398 days – 52.6%) among the ICD 10 F00-F99 diagnostic groups. The factors most associated with a higher prevalence of absences due to mental disorders over the years were female gender, age between 50 and 59 years, divorced/widowed marital status, lower education level, analyst po sition, and longer service time at the agency. Conclusion: mental disorders are one of the main causes of absenteeism and illness among judges and civil servants in the Judiciary, a population that has been little studied from an epidemiological point of view, with considerable repercus sions on productivity and the public treasury
- ItemPercepção dos profissionais de saúde de um hospital universitário em relação às pessoas privadas de liberdade e usuários de drogas(Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2025-08-01) Marson, Carla Neves; Santos, Marcos Vinicius Ferreira dos; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9788-660X; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3361334188486592 ; Siqueira, Marluce Mechelli de; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6706-5015; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5309001654924097; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8884-6286; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3620010396923370; Rosa, Pablo Ornelas; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9075-3895; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1908091180713668; Barros, Maria Elizabeth Barros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1908967025244386Introduction: Access to health care for people deprived of freedom is a delicate issue, due to the precarious structural conditions of prisons, and a complex one, as it encompasses various actors and the specificities of incarceration. Analyzing this issue means understanding the context of inequality and vulnerability of this population and how public policies affect these people. In relation to drug users, in recent years we have experienced various movements of progress and setbacks related to the National Policy on Drugs. Thus, there are still challenges in caring for people who use psychoactive substances, which goes beyond health and social assistance, also involving justice and public security, areas that have a strong influence on the care practices currently adopted. Objective: To understand the perception of health professionals working in a university hospital regarding people deprived of freedom and users of alcohol and other drugs, analyzing factors that facilitate and hinder the provision of care to these people. Methodology: This is an exploratory, descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with eighteen health professionals of both sexes and various specialties at a university hospital, in the outpatient, surgical and maternity services. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and organized according to Bardin's content analysis. We used the theoretical framework of vulnerability in health and human rights, which analyzes the individual, social and pragmatic dimensions and how much and how governments regulate and enforce these rights. Results: Relationships in the health-disease-care process, although consolidated in the service network and work routines, are still sensitive to the structural conditions of the institution and the specificities of the subjects. Stigmas and discrimination appear as social markers of difference, gender, race, social class and their intersections associated with illness. The professionals assume that there are limitations in their work, such as professional unpreparedness, lack of specific knowledge and patient management. For improvements, they point to multidisciplinary action, coordination with the service network and team training. Conclusion: Despite the progress made in caring for people deprived of freedom and people who use drugs, health actions must work to reduce vulnerabilities, without neglecting the fight against social inequalities and the protection of human rights. It is necessary to overcome institutional and personal barriers, the biological approach in the health-disease relationship and include social participation in order to consolidate a perspective that promotes and enhances the autonomy of individuals and expands their capacity to live with dignity.