Efeito do extrato de café verde (Coffea canephora) nos biomarcadores metabólicos e na morfologia dos tecidos hepáticos e adiposo, em ratos com obesidade induzida por dieta rica em gordura
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Data
2024-11-26
Autores
Nascimento, Manuella Domiciano do
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Obesity is a global chronic condition characterized by excessive body fat, increasing the risk of diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular problems. It is associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Foods containing bioactive compounds have shown potential to assist in modulating obesity. Green coffee (Coffea canephora), or unroasted coffee, is rich in bioactive compounds such as chlorogenic acid, caffeine, and trigonelline, which undergo less degradation compared to roasted coffee. Studies indicate that green coffee may offer benefits in reducing oxidative stress and body weight. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of green coffee extract on metabolic alterations and the morphology of liver and adipose tissues in rats subjected to obesity. The green coffee sample was obtained from producers in the Caparaó Capixaba region. Initially, the major compounds in green coffee were quantified. Forty-eight adult Wistar rats were divided into four groups(n=12): CT group (control commercial diet, no supplementation with green coffee extract), HF group (high-fat, high-calorie diet without green coffee supplementation), HFP group (high-fat, high-calorie diet supplemented with green coffee extract from the first week of the experiment), and HFT group (high-fat, high-calorie diet supplemented with green coffee extract starting in the eighth week of the experiment). The obesity-inducing diet was high-calorie and high fat (5.35kcal/g), consisting of 31.2% pork lard. Green coffee extract supplementation was administered daily, with 2 mL of extract per animal, incorporated into their diet. The animals were monitored daily for food intake and weekly for body weight. In the 15th week, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test was performed. In the 16th week, the animals were subjected to 12 hours of fasting and euthanized via cardiac puncture. Blood was collected and centrifuged for metabolic marker analyses. Epididymal adipose tissue and the liver were removed, weighed, and prepared for inflammatory, oxidative, and histological analyses. A t-test was applied to compare control results, and ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p>0.05) was used for test group comparisons against the positive control. The proposed obesity model was effective, as demonstrated by weight gain, food and caloric intake coefficients, and murinometric parameters. On the other hand, green coffee extract showed no significant effects on food intake, weight gain, glucose intolerance, or oxidative, inflammatory, or adipose tissue morphology parameters. However, the HFT group exhibited lower aspartate aminotransferase concentrations, increased HDL-c levels, and a reduction in hepatic steatosis severity, shifting from severe to moderate. Green coffee extract may benefit liver health in obesity conditions, modulating hepatic markers and attenuating the severity of liver steatosis, indicating its potential as an adjuvant in treating metabolic alterations resulting from excessive calorie and fat intake
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Coffea canephora , Conilon , Composto bioativos , Tecido adiposo , Esteatose hepática , Inflamação , Estresse oxidativo , Bioactive compounds , Adipose tissue , Hepatic steatosis , Inflammation , Oxidative stress