Qualidade da água e sedimento da Lagoa Juara - ES: avaliações dos parâmetros abióticose análises de citogenotoxicidade pelo sistema Allium cepa.
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Data
2023-12-21
Autores
Silva, Alice Vicentin
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
With the increase in urban and industrial areas, different forms of pollution have occurred in water bodies, such as degradation of banks, diversion of rivers, excessive water abstraction, release of untreated domestic and industrial effluents, which makes it essential to assess the water and sediment quality to ensure their preservation. The Juara lagoon is located in the metropolitan region of Vitória, in the municipality of Serra, Espírito Santo, Brazil. It has ecological and socioeconomic importance, however, it suffers from various human actions. For environmental monitoring, plant bioindicators can be an excellent experimental method to investigate the impacts that different sources of contamination cause in the aquatic ecosystem. This work consists of evaluating the quality of water and sediment in the lagoon through physical-chemical parameters and quantification of metals together with phytotoxic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic analyzes and bioaccumulation of chemical elements using Allium cepa roots exposed to water samples. and elutriate. Two collections were carried out: the first in March/2021, a period of high precipitation, and the second in March/2022, a period of low precipitation. Three collection points were defined along the lagoon, named P1, P2 and P3. The results obtained show signs of contamination in the lagoon: the first collection showed phytotoxic and mutagenic potential in P1 for water and elutriate samples; the second collection showed cytotoxic potential in the water and elutriate in P2. The observed results may be due to the presence of metals that are present in water and elutriate, such as Al, Sr, Mn, Zn, Rb, Ti and Cu. On the other hand, there was bioaccumulation of Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Rb, Ni, Zn and Fe in the meristem of the plant Allium cepa. Al showed greater quantification between samples and collection years. Physical and chemical analyses, together with the Allium cepa test system, indicate that they are suitable methods for biomonitoring aquatic ecosystems.
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Ecotoxicologia , Biomonitoramento , Fitotoxicidade , Mutagenicidade , Metais , Poluição aquática