Análise da estrutura e diversidade genética de Paratecoma peroba (Record) Kuhlm. (Bignoniaceae), em remanescentes de Floresta Atlântica na região sul do estado do Espírito Santo
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Data
2021-07-28
Autores
França, Tabatta Caroline Cerri
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Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo
Resumo
Paratecoma peroba (Record) Kuhlm, popularly known as peroba amarela is a deciduous forest species found in seasonal forests of the Atlantic Forest, reaching up 40 m in height. Wood was considered an extremely important commercial product, being used in construction, finishing and for luxury furniture. Owing to the potential of the wood, an excessive wood exploration occurred, drastically reduced the numbers of natural populations. As a result of this exploration and the devastation of Atlantic Forest, the species is currently at risk of extinction. In this sense, studies based on population parameters based on molecular data obtained from DNA can reveal information about the levels of genetic diversity, as well as the processes that maintain it. Besides, these studies can contribute to the selection of mother trees in order to contribute to management plans and conservation measures. The present study aimed to characterize the structure and genetic diversity of P. peroba populations in forest remnants in the southern region of Espírito Santo state. Three populations of P. peroba were sampled: Polo de Educação Ambiental da Mata Atlântica (PEAMA); Floresta Nacional de Pacotuba (FLONA de Pacotuba); e Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo (IFES). In total, 116 individuals were obtained. Ten ISSR primers were used, which revealed the amplification of 101 polymorphic loci. High genetic diversity was found, with number of alleles observed (Na = 1.99) and effective alleles (Ne = 1.49). Nei diversity index ranged between (H’= 0.22) and (H’ = 0.27), and Shannon index ranged between (I = 0.33) and (I = 0.43). The population of PEAMA has the highest rates of genetic diversity, while a population of IFES has the lowest values. An analysis of molecular variance (Amova) revealed that the greatest diversity occurred within populations (79.23%), the ØST value of the sources indicated a moderate genetic structure. The estimated gene flow for the set of populations studied was high (Nm = 7,0114), however, a genetic structure analysis indicated the presence of 3 genetic groups (K = 3). The ISSR marker used to evaluate populations of the P. peroba species proved to be adequate to measure genetic diversity, revealing that the populations of PEAMA and FLONA of Pacotuba have individuals with genetic variability for selection of mother trees. Thus, these populations can be used to collect seeds and produce seedlings, being destined for environmental recovery projects and management plans, in order to contribute with protection and conservation measures for P. peroba.
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ISSR , variabilidade genética , conservação , Peroba